Case Studies in Nursing

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Recommended: The pathophysiology of renal failure

Case Study #1-Mr. Garvey
We would tell Mr. Garvey that the normal cells in his lungs have been replaced by more mature cells within the epithelial lining because of damage caused by smoking. This process is called metaplasia (McCance & Huether, 2010). Stratified squamous epithelial cells are considered the thickest so they have formed to protect the bottom layer of his lung tissue. These type of cells are more conducive to constant friction and irritation that is caused by smoking. These mature cells lack the protection that the normal lung cells have which can produce mucus and have cilia that help move the mucus with its harmful substances out of the lungs and to the throat via a cough (McCance & Huether, 2010). We would strongly encourage Mr. Garvey to quit smoking now. We would explain that these changes are reversible if he stops smoking now. The cessation of smoking will remove the irritant and allow for the normal cells to return. One way to convince Mr. Garvey to stop smoking would be to tell him that lung cancer begins with “the transformation of one epithelial cell” (ACC Atlas of Pathophysiology, 2010). If he continues to smoke, instead of the cells returning back to their normal state, they may become irreversibly damaged and possibly become cancerous. We would also show him pictures of normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells and stratified squamous epithelial cells while we discuss this.
Case Study #2-Mrs. Myers
We would have to explain to Mrs. Myers that the causes of cardiomyopathy are often unknown. It could be “inherited” due to family genetics or “acquired” meaning developed due to other conditions or disease (What is Cardiomyopathy?, n.d.). Cardiomyopathy can occur when patients do not control their b...

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...ology (3rd ed.). (2010). Philadephia, Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Eskridge, M. S. (2010). Hypertension and chronic kidney disease: The role of lifestyle modification and medication management. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 1, 55-60, 99.
Froex, P., & Sear, J. W. (2004). Hypertension: Pathology and treatment. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain, 4(3), 71-75.
McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2009). Pathophysiology, the Biological Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (6th ed.). Maryland Heights: Mosby.
Porter, A. (2013). The role of the advanced practice nurse in promoting smoking cessation in the adult population. MedSurg Nursing, 22(4), 264-268.
What is Cardiomyopathy? (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2014, from National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm/printall-index.html

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