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Castles and there simularities from now to middle ages
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Large majestic castles cover the land of Great Britain. Castles are a huge tourist attraction in today’s time. They are popular because of their detailed paintings, tapestries, large walls, tall towers, and intricate architectural design. However, these incredible structures would be non-existent if the Anglo-Saxon Era had not occurred through the Middle Ages. Due to constant battling in the Anglo-Saxon era, defensive buildings, such as castles and fortified cities, became a necessity for Anglo-Saxon people in order to carry out their common lives. “Crusaders built castles for protection against poorly disciplined armies (Streissguth, 187) (Pounds, 25).” Many armies ransacked and took over various towns while, in turn, gaining power and fortune. While these misfortunes were happening, people had to find ways to protect themselves. During this time in Great Britain, there was no universal law. People had loyalty to their kings and leaders, but none to other leaders. The soldiers were told to attack a castle they would follow there loyalty towards the king. When an army knew it was strong and could defeat another, they would. The goal of many was to become rich and have land. They did this by taking from the unfortunate others. The common folk needed to find ways to stand up for themselves and protect their possessions. Inside the castles, people had to find ways to protect themselves from the constant threat of robbery. “Most homes were wooden at this time. In 1100, stone walls were built, in between ditches and baileys for added protection (Pounds, 37).” The purpose of the walls was to delay the first wave of attackers in order to provide the defenders time to prepare for battle. “Attackers used fire, a key weapon to destroy ho... ... middle of paper ... ...200s to 1300s) castles strength peaked (Castles and Forts).” Knowing this means, that turmoil in these years was extremely high causing castles to need to strengthen up as much as possible. One hundred years is a short period for castles to go from wooden forts into great stone masterpieces. Well built fortified cities, castles, formed because of the course of a violent history. They originated as defensive structures that were innovated into marvelous structures throughout Great Britain. Castles are a symbol of power and strength; they are a symbol of strength, because their original reason was for defense. The strongest castle was the one with the most strength, and the one that lasted the longest. The time was the time of feudal systems, the landowners had to protect their land and their people. They needed many large building to hold them and to protect them.
A typical feature of a concentric castle is the protective wood work at the top of the walls. We cannot tell whether this was a feature of Portchester Castle because any evidence would have rotted away.
For many the Cathedral is seen to indicate the grandeur and control of the Normans, who were able to build such monuments to their power despite having only recently conquered England. The precarious situation of being an recently instated alien power was even more pronounced in the north, where even the Anglo Saxon Kings had only had a superficial hold, arguably making the construction of Durham “one of the greatest Anglo-Norman achievements”. This so-called achievement is not restricted to architecture but also refers to the political developments which enabled the Normans to apparently gain enough control to do this within 30 years. However the study of Durham Cathedral alone cannot suffice to give a satisfactory outline of Norman politics and the achievements in Durham and must be put into the context of the region. Hence Durham Cathedral and all its powerful connotations can be argued to only be an anomaly to the reality of Norman England and its politics.
Kelly DeVries and Robert Douglas Smith. Medieval Military Technology, Second Edition. Toronto. University of Toronto Press Incorporated, 2012. XVIII + 356 pp. Illustrations, bibliographical references, Index. ISBN 978-1-4426-0497-1.
Another inspirational architect in this time was William Kent. His designs using ogee pointed arches with a classical cornice inspired Batty Langley to produce a study in which he analyzed Gothic in terms of classical orders. A comparison with true mediaeval and Gothic architecture at this time shows that at this time all Gothic architecture was a decorative style to be applied as ornament to regular structures and s...
For example, Ekkehard of Aurach wrote of the intentions of European crusaders, saying “The West Franks were easily induced to leave their fields, since France had, during several years, been terribly visited by civil war, now by famine, and again by sickness. Others confessed that they had been induced to pledge themselves by some misfortune.” Overall, this signals that because of the poor conditions, many might wish to escape to do something more enjoyable, like conquering, since in numerous cases that was reserved for those who were specially trained. More, the lack of wealth within European households and families could be remedied if only they could find a source of wealth or land to take from. Indeed, this is supported in a letter coming from a Crusader back to his family.
Australia has the terrible condition of having an essentially pointless and prefabricated idea of “Aussiness” that really has no relation to our real culture or the way in which we really see ourselves. We, however subscribe to these stereotypes when trying to find some expression of our Australian identity. The feature film, The Castle, deals with issues about Australian identity in the 1990’s. The film uses techniques like camera shots, language and the use of narration to develop conflict between a decent, old fashioned suburban family, the Kerrigans and an unscrupulous corporation called Airlink. Feature films like The Castle are cultural products because they use attitudes, values and stereotypes about what it means to be Australian.
Both the Crusaders and the Muslims wanted power. In contradiction the church wanted to reunite Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire with the Roman Catholic Empire giving the Church extra power. Baldwin of Boulogne is a key example in portraying the Crusader’s quest for power; splitting off from the rest of the army and traveling east until he reached Armenian where he would establish himself as ruler. Like Boulogne, Bohemond of Taranto also abandoned the majority to better his own personal status—he took over as Prince of Antioch. Through these two prominent figures we see that power was a necessity to the leaders of this era; and unfortunately the people look up to their leaders and do likewise. However, if these Crusaders were fighting for “religious factors” then they would recognize that God holds the ultimate power and they are nothing without him. But these power hungry individuals obviously lacked humility...
Founded nearly a millennium ago, The Tower of London has been expanded over the centuries. The first foundations built by William the Conquer have been constantly improved. “The Tower of London is the oldest palace, fortress and prison in Europe (“The Tower of London”, “Tower of London”). The Tower of London was never supposed to be a prison.The Tower was originally a Royal Palace also serving as a defensive fortress (“Twenty-Five Facts”). Phil Wilson, a yeoman sergeant, once commented that “hundreds of people have been held prisoner and died [there]” (Go World Travel).
As time progressed the feudal system was created. It was designed to divide the lands and protect from attack. The king first gave a fief or a piece of land to a royal vassal. As proof for this exchange in land a vassal would swear to the lord to be his man all the days of his life and protect him against "all men who may live or die." Next came investiture. Investiture was a symbolic gesture when a King or a lord presented a royal vassal or a vassal a stick, a small rod, or a clod of earth to show that he has given him a fief. Now this royal vassal was in charge of a huge piece of land. In order to defend it he would then divide his land into smaller pieces. He would take these smaller pieces and give them to warriors or who agreed to be his own vassals. Thus, the royal vassal became a lord to other vassals. The vassals now under this lord would now divide their lands and grant fiefs to warriors of their own. Last in the dividing of land was the knight whose parcel of land was too small to be divided.
protection. As an old medieval saying states, "No land without the lord, no lord without the
In this essay, I will uncover the countless insights that can be learned about the characters in Beowulf, as well as the society as a whole, based on the weapons the characters choose to use in battle. During the Anglo-Saxon time, roughly between 400 and 1066, swords were considered the most precious weapon someone could own. Although it is not certain who wrote Beowulf, and when, many people believe it was composed in the middle to end of the Anglo-Saxon period. Analyzing the different weapons, and significance of each, in Beowulf, and comparing them to the weaponry at the time, provides the readers with a great deal of insight into the society during this period. The use of weapons in Beowulf not only provides the readers with insight into
Roger Babusci et al. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1994. 115-136. Print. “The Medieval Period: 1066-1485.”
The first castles built (Motte and Bailey) were made of wood and quick to build, but they were burnt and worn down easily, so the next castles were made of stone. (Square keeps) They were tall, strong, large and lasted long, but attackers would surround the castle and wait for ages for the people inside to come out. The third castles (Shell Keeps) were even stronger, but because they were made of heavy stone, they might collapse. So finally, the fourth castles (concentric) were built and they were the strongest, largest most defensive and most expensive castles built.
Architecture in the Carolingian period made good use of wood just as the Celto-Germanic period did. A major difference between the two was that Carolingian architects used stone only for important buildings such as churches and castles. Their buildings and plans for unfinished buildi...
The Tower of London is a 900-year-old castle and fortress (Jarus). William the Conqueror created the first fortifications after the conquest of London in A.D. 1066 (Jarus). The Tower of London is not just one large tower; it is made up of 13 structures on the inside of the fortress, and 6 structures on the outside (McGillick). The entire fortress stretches across 12 acres of land (Jarus). On the outside of the Tower of London there is a large ditch and palisade on the north and west sides of the fortress (McGillick). There are four large turrets at the corners of the fortress. The dome shape of the turrets made it a great place to have first royal observatory in one of them (McGillick).