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Case study of borderline personality disorder
Psychiatric literature on borderline personality disorder
Case study of borderline personality disorder
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What is the disease known as borderline personality disorder? It is said to be one of the most misunderstood diseases. According to John Grohol, Borderline personality disorder, or BPD, is a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image and emotions. (John M. Grohol, 2010) Those that are inflicted have little control over their emotions, are likely to exhibit destructive behaviors, and tend to have low self-esteem. They are also highly impulsive and have difficulties with limitations. It is characterized by recurrent impulsivity, mood changes, and relationship difficulties, BPD may include unstable identity, paranoia, fear of abandonment, and suicidal behavior. According to Porr, Princess Diana is an example of a well-known person so diagnosed. (Porr, 2010) The diagnosis of this disease usually takes place in early adulthood but often symptoms and warning signs are seen during one’s adolescent years. Although some of the symptoms may be controlled with medication, there is no cure and this illness tends to coexist with many other illnesses. It’s not uncommon to have to deal with shoplifting, gambling, excessive spending, promiscuity, lack of impulse control, drug or alcohol abuse, overeating and binging or physically self-damaging actions such as disfigurements and suicide attempts. According to Lisa Kift, one BPD victim stated, “The searing, flesh-ripping agony of having to live within my own skin” (Lisa Brookes Kift, 2009). Relationships with individuals with BPD are very difficult. Kristalyn Salters- Pedneault stated “Watching a loved one with BPD suffer, and dealing with very difficult relationship symptoms of BPD, are extraordinarily stressful for family members. Family members often feel he... ... middle of paper ... ...sych Central. Retrieved December 1, 2011 Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, P. (2010, april 30). Life in the BPD Family. Retrieved november 28, 2011, from about.com: http://bpd.about.com/od/forfamilyandfriends/a/BPDFamily.htm Lisa Brookes Kift, M. (2009, december 9). Borderline Personality Disorder: A Survivor’s Story. Retrieved december 1, 2011, from the tool box: http://lisakifttherapy.com/mental-health/the-mental-health-place-a-mental-health-blog/borderline-personality-disorder-a-survivors-story/ Mitchell, S. (2011, October 27). Living with Someone with borderline personality disorder. (s. chenevert, Interviewer) Porr, V. (2010). OVERCOMING Borderline Personality Disorder: A Family Guide for Healing & Change (Book). Washington, DC: Oxford University Press, Incorporated. Whitehouse, L. (2011, November 29). Living with someone with BPD. (S. Chenevert, Interviewer)
Denise Gilmartin, a 26 year old female, exhibits behaviors which meet criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. Denise exhibits unstable intense interpersonal relationships characterized by idealization and devaluation (Criterion 2). She has a history of brief tumultuous relationships and friendships. They start of with quick intense attachments and are described by Denise as “wonderful” and “incredibly special” (idealization); however, these feelings quickly devolve into “contempt” and “loathing” (devaluation). Additionally, Denise displays an unstable sense of self (Criterion 3). Her unsteady employment history is partially explained by dramatic shifts in interests. She switched from marketing to legal work to waitressing. It is also important to note that interpersonal issues underly most of her
People with Borderline Personality Disorder tend to view the world as simple as possible. People who view the world like this, confuse the actions of others. (Hoermann et al, 2005) Recurrent thoughts about their relationships with others, lead them to experience extreme emotional reactions, great agony which they have a hard time controlling, which would result in engaging in self-destructive behaviors. Diagnosing a patient with this disorder can be challenging which is why is it is labeled as one of the difficult ones to diagnose. (Hoermann et al, 2005)
This disorder is described as an “instability of mood, chaotic personal relationships, and a disturbed sense of self” (Rathus, 2010). Mommie Dearest had three instances where this personality disorder was very prominent. In the first instance, audiences witness the moment Joan catches Christina “making fun of her.” This disturbs Joan, so as a punishment, Joan chops away at Christina’s beautiful hair. This can be classified as borderline because hearing Christina say bad things, disturbed Joan’s sense of self. The nest occurrence of this was after Joan had been informed that she was box office poison. Joan didn’t handle that information very well, as she chopped down her flowers. This can be considered borderline because Joan freaked out after being so calm, otherwise known as instability of mood. The final instance we see borderline personality disorder is after Christina got in trouble at school. Joan told a reported that Christina had been expelled. Christina barged in to say that she was not expelled. This caused Joan to have a rage of emotion that resulted in slapping Christina and choking
This paper looks at a person that exhibits the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). In the paper, examples are given of symptoms that the person exhibits. These symptoms are then evaluated using the DSM-V criteria for BPD. The six-different psychological theoretical models are discussed, and it is shown how these models have been used to explain the symptoms of BPD. Assessment of
In order for someone to be diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder, they must experience at least five of the following symptoms: 1) fear of abandonment, 2) a history of intense and unstable relationships with family, friends, and loved ones, which often go back and forth between idealization (which includes love and extreme closeness) to devaluation (which includes extreme hatred or anger), 3) a disto...
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) affects about 4% of the general population, and at least 20% of the clinical psychiatric population. (Kernberg and Michels, 2009) In the clinical psychiatric population, about 75% of those with the disorder are women. BPD is also significantly heritable, with 42-68% of the variance associated with genetic factors, similar to that of hypertension. BPD can also develop due to environmental factors such as childhood neglect and/or trauma, insecure attachment, and exposure to marital, family, and psychiatric issues. (Gunderson, 2011)
In the past, BPD was believed to be a set of symptoms between problems associated with mood and schizophrenia. These symptoms were believed to be comprised of distortions of reality and mood problems. A closer look at this disorder has resulted in the realization that even though the symptoms of this disorder reveal emotional complexity, this disorder is more closer to other personality disorders, on the basis of the manner in which it develops and occurs in families, than to schizophrenia (Hoffman, Fruzzetti, Buteau &ump; Neiditch, 2005). The use of the term borderline has however, resulted in a heated controversy between the health care fraternity and patients. Patients argue that this term appears to be somehow discriminatory and that it should be removed and the disorder renamed. Patients point out that an alternative name, such as emotionally unstable personality disorder, should be adopted instead of borderline personality disorder. Clinicians, on the other hand, argue that there is nothing wrong with the use of the term borderline. Opponents of this term argue that the terms used to describe persons suffering from this disorder, such as demanding, treatment resistant, and difficult among others, are discriminatory. These terms may create a negative feeling of health professionals towards patients, an aspect that may lead to adoption of negative responses that may trigger self-destructive behavior (Giesen-Bloo et al, 2006). The fact however, is that the term borderline has been misunderstood and misused so much that any attempt to redefine it is pointless leaving scrapping the term as the only option.
The term borderline personality disorder (BPD) was termed by Adolph Stern in the 1930s to describe a group of people on a “borderline” between neurosis and psychosis (SITE). Today, BPD is described by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as “a pervasive patt...
Linehan addressed the need for effective and empirically supported psychotherapeutic treatment for borderline personality disorder. She discovered important shortcomings in standard cognitive and behavioral (CBT) treatments (Chapman & Robins, 2004). DBT was developed to address difficulties faced when implementing standard CBT to ...
Borderline Personality disorder is a commonly misdiagnosed mental illness. The symptoms of borderline personality disorder are so closely related to other mental illnesses, that it is most often under diagnosed or misdiagnosed altogether. This illness can be completely debilitating to effected person. They do not understand that it is their mental illness that is making them feel the way that they do. They feel hopeless, like their lives will never improve from this point. Which is a major factor into why borderline personality disorder has one of the highest rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
During their 30s and 40s, the majority of individuals with this disorder attain greater stability in their relationships and vocational functioning” (para. 5). Follow up studies show that after 10 years of going through outpatient mental health clinics about 50% of individuals no longer show behavior of BPD (LeMon, 2012).
An estimated 1.6%-5.9% of the adult population in the United States has BPD, with nearly 75% of the people who are diagnosed being women. Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder include Frantic efforts to avoid being abandoned by friends and family, Unstable personal relationships that alternate between idealizations, Distorted and unstable self-image, Impulsive behaviors that can have dangerous outcomes, Suicidal and self-harming behavior, Periods of intense depressed mood, irritability or anxiety lasting a couple hours/days, Chronic feelings of boredom or emptiness, Inappropriate, intense or uncontrollable anger - often followed by shame and guilt, and Dissociative feelings. The three main factors that could cause this mental illness are Genetics, Environmental factors, and Brain function. This illness can only be diagnosed by a mental health professional after a series of interviews with the patient and family/friends of the patient. The patient must also have at least five of the nine symptoms of this illness in order to be diagnosed. The most common treatment for this illness is some form of psychotherapy. Some other treatment options are to prescribe medications and if needed a short-term
non-integration between states of mind, a loss of differentiating, and emotional dis-regulation. People with Borderline Personality Disorder have states of mind that are chaotic, disregulated, and non-integrated. Transitions between these states of mind are rapid, and dramatic (Davidon et al., 2007). These effect other aspects of people’s lives.
Diana Miller, 25 was diagnosed with major depressive disorder and borderline personality disorder after being rushed to the hospital following another suicide attempt . Her symptoms and background are outlined in her vignette and will be examined in detail throughout the paper. The purpose of this essay will be to explore the possible additional diagnoses for Diana’s behaviour as well as look deeper into the feasible explanations of how and why her behaviour turned abnormal. Therefore through analyzing the diagnostic features, influence of culture, gender, and environment, in addition to outlining paradigm explanations and possible treatment methods, one can better understand Diana Miller’s diagnoses.
The history of BPD can be traced back to 1938 when Adolph Stern first described the symptoms of the disorder as neither being psychotic nor psychoneurotic; hence, the term ‘borderline’ was introduced (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2009, p. 15). Then in 1960, Otto Kernberg coined the term ‘borderline personality organization’ to describe persistent patterns of behavior and functioning consisting of instability, and distressed psychological self-organization (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2009, p. 15).