Introduction
Why is the sector of air transportation so sophisticated? Which events led to the development of extremely reliable aircraft and navigation systems?
The aviation industry is statistically proved to be the safest form of transportation on Earth.
It sounds paradoxical if considering that flying is absolutely in contrast with the law of physics from a human perspective. However, since the advent of new technologies that have supported the overall growth for the whole last century, many accidents did occur due to a primary phase, considered transactional because some of the principles of flight were still unknown when using materials beyond their structural limits, before being able to build reliable and very sophisticated machine as it occurs now.
Air crashes usually has very big impact on media and sometimes to airlines rather than to the global economy, especially at presence of victims.
With the intention to avoid these negative impacts and because passengers are now more demanding in terms of safety, manufacturers along with their engineers have perfected those machines by working out state-of-art practices for building up new airplane, during maintenance routines and by focusing on the materials to use for each component of the plane that shows a high level of performance while under stress and reducing so components structural failure.
The current report aims to illustrate three air accidents that suffered of a structural failure while in-flight, and that have served as turning point for the whole industry to increase safety standards.
After illustrating which major changes those accidents produced to the industry, a section will discusses about the risks that the black market around counterfeit parts ...
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10- ANS report, http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19960717-0
11- http://www.federalobserver.com/2013/06/19/finally-the-truth-about-flight-800-emerges/
12- NTSB report, 2000, http://www.ntsb.gov/doclib/reports/2000/AAR0003.pdf
13- http://www.seattlepi.com/default/article/Jet-fuel-tank-protection-ordered-1279529.php
14- NTSB Report, http://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/summary/AAR9006.html
15- FAA CFR Final Rule, Airworthiness standards http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgFinalRule.nsf/0/6649127916C3E5718625735600481644?OpenDocument&Highlight=engine%20structural%20failure
16- (NTSB Accident Report: AAR90-06, PDF United Airlines Flight 232 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 Sioux Gateway Airport, Sioux City, Iowa, July 19, 1989 (NTSB/AAR-90-06))
17- http://factorhumano.files.wordpress.com/
Homebuilt aircraft are considered to be the fastest growing segment of aviation during the last two decades. Naturally with the increase in these aircraft will also come an increase in accidents. Accidents like the 1997 Long E-Z crash that killed John Denver have raised questions about who is legally liable: the kit manufacturer, amateur builder, or pilot? (Kolczynski, 1) Homebuilt aircraft liability litigation is expected to develop into a booming new industry in the coming future.
The investigation was also one of the largest international law enforcement endeavors of its time (Birkland, 2004). This tragedy, like most devastating events, changed the course of history and is a directly affected aviation safety as we know it today. The forensic findings during the investigation also helped change aviation safety policy and procedures. The result was improvement in training for airport security personnel, examination of quality control issues and heightened aviation security regulations (Birkland,
Mahapatra, Lisa. “How Many Planes Crash Every Year, And How Many People Die In Plane
Air Crash Investigations: Cockpit Failure (S10E01). (2014, March 5). Retrieved May 19, 2014, from Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1FG8gOKMoo
June 1st, 1999, captain Richard Buschmann and first officer Michael Origel were about to embark on their third and final leg of the day, after already working for ten hours on two other trip legs. They had arrived at Dallas/Fort Worth Texas around 20:10 CST and were eager to proceed on their final trip of the day to Little Rock, Arkansas. Poor weather in the region prevented their assigned aircraft from arriving on time, closely pushing them ever closer to their fourteen hour duty limits for the day. The first officer realizing their situation contacted the dispatchers to notify them they would need to find a substitute aircraft or the flight would need to be cancelled. Both pilots were well aware of the impending storms in the area, including around the destination airport, but they decided that they should be able to beat the storms there. This was one of the first signs of suffering from get-there-itis, along side of several hazardous attitudes. Once an aircraft was substituted, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-82, the pilots were able to depart at 22:40, 2 hours and 12 minutes after their scheduled departure time, 12 hours into their 14 hour duty day.
National Transportation Safety Board, (1989, February 28). Aircraft Accident Report. Explosive Decompression-Loss of Cargo Door in Flight. Retrieved from http://www.ntsb.org/Wiringcargodoorlite/Additional%20Aircraft%20Accident%20Reports_files/AAR92-3.pdf
Kilroy, C. (n.d.). Special Report: Air Florida Flight 90. Retrieved February 15, 2005 from http://www.airdisaster.com/special/special-af90.shtml
In this study, the aim is to provide information and knowledge more on aircraft maintenance safety precautions and procedures in dealing with ground handling, general maintenance like working at height, working in confined spaces, moving suspended loads, aircraft refuelling or de-fuelling, ground de-icing/anti-icing and so on.
One very influential inventions in the early 20th century is the aircraft. Ever since the design set by the Wright brothers, it has changed in both shape and size. Throughout history people have always found a reason to travel, and now this new type of invention is allowing people to travel farther and move faster. Everyone, no matter your color, race, or gender, is allowed to travel by this new form of transportation. The evolution of the plane played a major impact on the ability to travel, since the first day of airplane being created to when commercial flight was modernized.
Safety in the ethics and industry of aerospace technology is of prime importance for preventing tragic malfunctions and crashes. Opposed to automobiles for example, if an airplane breaks down while in mid-flight, it has nowhere to go but down. And sadly it will often go down “hard” and with a high probability of killing people. The Engineering Code of Ethics states first and foremost that, “Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public.” In the aerospace industry, this as well holds very true, both in manufacturing and in air safety itself. Airline safety has recently become a much-debated topic, although arguments over air safety and travel have been going ...
Simmon, David A. (1998). Boeing 757 CFIT Accident at Cali, Columbia, Becomes Focus of Lessons Learned. Flight Safety Digest.
This term paper reviews the three most common catagories of aviation accident causes and factors. The causes and factors that will be discussed are human performance, environmental, and the aircraft itself. Although flying is one of the safest means of transportation, accidents do happen. It is the investigators job to determine why the accident happened, and who or what was at fault. In the event of an accident, either one or all of these factors will be determined as the cause of the accident. Also discussed will be one of the most tradgic plane crashes in aviation history and the human factors involved.
The future of passenger aircraft and their manufactures has an amazing outlook. Every year the brightest minds in aviation compile the greatest technological advances towards creating the safest and most economical aircraft on the planet. No detail is over looked, and the bottom dollar is the all controlling factor. From private aircraft to public aircraft, space exploration and beyond, the future is bright for the passenger aircraft market, and everyone who purchases air travel should be excited to see how industry unfolds.
Tourism is an industry, with air transport becoming an indispensable factor. One major growing trend in airline industry is market globalization. People travel to other countries for both business and leisure purposes, leading to 7% increment in air travel per year. As a market is globalized, those involved will evolve into global customers who go in search of suppliers running on global base. This leads to a growth in business travel due to the global involvement of companies in terms of investments, production chain, supply and customers. Thus, the participation of air transport in facilitating the world trade is prodigious. Aviation implements another economic benefit of the air transport by providing consumer welfare to individuals while considering the environmental brunt such as the air quality, congestion and noise in the proximity of airports. Air transport being highly demanding has doubled the passenger numbers since the 1980s and over the last decade, it has increased by 45%. The huge growth and development of the aviation field has benefitted in heaps regarding
How many times have an average person flown in an airplane, did people ever think what the world would be like without them? Airplanes have provided people with opportunities to go all over the world to experience different cultures and places. They also create jobs for many people which contributes to how they boost the economy. In conclusion, they appear as a more clean way to travel, helping out the Earth. The airplane was one of the most important inventions due to it creating jobs, creating easier cultural access, causes economic boosts, and created less pollution than most means of travel and also has an interesting history.