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Problems with racism in literature
Essay on the definition of race
Essay on the definition of race
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My Title Here Nella Larson, the author of Passing, exposes a struggle of racial identity and how easy it is to lose one’s sense of self. The question about how a person chooses to define their race is never easily answered. Nella Larson creates the characters, Clare and Irene, who have the ability to blur the lines between white and black communities. This act of passing as white for both Clare and Irene shows that race is a social construction. In this paper I argue that the novel Passing demonstrates a momentary logic for passing as well as an illustration of its personal and social restrictions. First, I will look at Clare’s commitment to passing as white in contrast to her desire to reconnect with her black roots. Next, I will consider …show more content…
In my opinion this curiosity with the black community that Clare has stems even deeper due to her friends reactions on the Drayton rooftop. Clare has no such allegiance to the black community and would naturally wonder why her friends would defend such an oppressed race. For Clare her curiosity comes from the unknown not from her ancestral ties to her race. Upon learning about a dance that Irene is hosting through the Urban Welfare League her response is “It might be amusing” and she wants to go (Larsen, 106). It seems as if Clare is participating in the othering of the black community with her curiosity. It is so ironic that she is participating in the oppression of blacks by her othering and yet she is black herself. As a result Clare demonstrates that she doesn’t have any ties to her own …show more content…
Irene made the statement that her and Clare are “strangers even in their racial consciousness” (Larsen, 93). How Clare can give up her ancestral roots without hesitation really confuses Irene. Clare has the ability to pass through both white and black worlds but this ability makes her appear as if she is lost. She doesn’t seem like she has the ability to identify with being black or white. This inability to have a concrete identity in either racial community shows she “cared nothing for the race. She only belonged to it” (Larsen, 76). Clare’s inability to be racially secure forces Irene to conclude that race is a “means to an end” for Clare. As a result Irene seems to be more secure with her identity while Clare is using race for personal gain and not as an indication of identity. We see this in Clare’s desire to be a part of the black community whenever she wants but she also still wants the ability to maintain her life in the white community as well. Irene’s approach to race is the complete opposite of Clare. She is loyal to her race and culture. She does not deny her race in public nor does she make the decision to pass without it being necessary. Despite Clare’s inability to commit to a race and Irene’s racial loyalty, race still controls their lives and the choices they
Race manifests itself as a key challenge to Jeannette’s views on freedom and immaterial love. She never truly saw people of other races in a different light until the family arrived in the small town of Welch, West Virginia. In Welch, racial divides were
The work, the Souls of Black Folk explains the problem of color-line in the twentieth century. Examining the time following the civil war the author, W.E.B. Dubois, explains the African American experience of living behind the “veil”. To fully explain the experience of living behind the veil, he provides the reader with situations that a black race experiences in reconstruction. This allowed the readers to metaphorically step into the veil with him. He accomplishes this with the use of “songs of sorrow” with were at the beginning of each chapter, and with the use of anecdotes.
Ever since the abolition of slavery in the United States, America has been an ever-evolving nation, but it cannot permanently erase the imprint prejudice has left. The realities of a ‘post-race world’ include the acts of everyday racism – those off-handed remarks, glances, implied judgments –which flourish in a place where explicit acts of discrimination have been outlawed. It has become a wound that leaves a scar on every generation, where all have felt what Rankine had showcased the words in Ligon’s art, “I feel most colored when I am thrown against a sharp white background” (53). Furthermore, her book works in constant concert with itself as seen in the setting of the drugstore as a man cuts in front of the speaker saying, “Oh my god, I didn’t see you./ You must be in a hurry, you offer./ No, no, no, I really didn’t see you” (77). Particularly troublesome to the reader, as the man’s initial alarm, containing an assumed sense of fear, immediately changing tone to overtly insistent over what should be an accidental mistake. It is in these moments that meaning becomes complex and attention is heightened, illuminating everyday prejudice. Thus, her use of the second person instigates curiosity, ultimately reaching its motive of self-reflections, when juxtaposed with the other pieces in
The novel The Garies and their Friends is a realistic examination of the complex psychology of blacks who try to assimilate through miscegenation and crossing the color barrier by “passing as white.” Frank J. Webb critiques why blacks cannot pass as being white through the characters Mr. Winston and Clarence Jr.
The term "passing" is shorthand for a racial passing which means people of one race passing for another. Nella Larsen's Passing is the story about two light-skinned women, who both have African blood. Clare Kendry is one of them who chooses and succeeds at "passing" and Irene Redfield is one who doesn't. They drive into each other twelve years later in a restaurant and Clare invites Irene to the tea party. The tea party which appears in the beginning of the story plays an important role throughout of the story because Jack Bellew enters the story at that moment. Jack is the white man who has a strong revulsion to African-Americans. He marries Clare, without knowing her secret ancestry. Jack's statements at the tea party lead the main characters' transformation throughout the story and shape the ending as well.
The history of racial and class stratification in Los Angeles has created tension amongst and within groups of people. Southland, by Nina Revoyr, reveals how stratification influences a young Asian woman to abandon her past in order to try and fully integrate herself into society. The group divisions are presented as being personal divisions through the portrayal of a generational gap between the protagonist, Jackie, and her grandfather. Jackie speaks of her relationship with Rebecca explaining her reasons why she could never go for her. Jackie claims that “she looked Asian enough to turn Jackie off” (Revoyr, 2003, p. 105). Unlike her grandfather who had a good sense of where he came from and embraced it, Jackie rejected her racial background completely. Jackie has been detached from her past and ethnicity. This is why she could never be with Rebecca, Jackie thought of her as a “mirror she didn’t want to look into”. Rebecca was everything Jackie was tr...
Ethnic group is a settled mannerism for many people during their lives. Both Zora Neale Hurston, author of “How It Feels to Be Colored Me; and Brent Staples, author of “Just Walk On By: A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space,” realize that their life will be influenced when they are black; however, they take it in pace and don’t reside on it. They grew up in different places which make their form differently; however, in the end, It does not matter to them as they both find ways to match the different sexes and still have productivity in their lives.. Hurston was raised in Eatonville, Florida, a quiet black town with only white passer-by from time-to-time, while Staples grew up in Chester, Pennsylvania, surrounded by gang activity from the beginning. Both Hurston and Staples share similar and contrasting views about the effect of the color of their
...s appealing it is not without consequence. Clare, and those who choose to pass, are not free to embrace their whole identity and will always remain a threat to those they come in contact. Clare exemplified the archetypal character of the tragic mulatto, as she bought tragedy to her own life and all those she came in contact. Clare’s presence forced Irene to contend with feelings of internalized racism, and thus feelings of inferiority. Through diction, tone, and imagery Larsen makes it luminous to readers that "passing" may seem glamorous, however, the sacrifice one makes to do so is not without consequences for themselves and those they care about. Larsen does not allow her readers to perch on the belief that once a member of the dominate group ones life is not without pain and suffering. Every action, even those that seem to make life easier, have consequences.
She grew up feeling like an outsider because of her family, especially because of her mother’s suicide. Lucille and Ruthie most often felt “cruelly banished” (Robinson 81).As Lucille try to make friends with other students in school, Ruthie realizes how introverted she herself has become. Ruthie grows up feeling that she doesn’t belong and when this feeling is strengthened by the initial indifferent attitude of the townspeople, Ruthie makes the decision to follow Sylvie and become a transient. In Ruthie’s case, it was her age that affected her more than her gender. The neighbors were quick to come to make certain that Sylvie is stable enough to take care of Ruthie. Robinson writes that Lucille and Ruthie were scared when they first “heard of the interest of the state in the well-being of children”(68). The laws that were created to protect her, made her feel unsafe and that was what caused her to follow
On Being Young-A Woman-and Colored an essay by Marita Bonner addresses what it means to be black women in a world of white privilege. Bonner reflects about a time when she was younger, how simple her life was, but as she grows older she is forced to work hard to live a life better than those around her. Ultimately, she is a woman living with the roles that women of all colors have been constrained to. Critics, within the last 20 years, believe that Marita Bonners’ essay primarily focuses on the double consciousness ; while others believe that she is focusing on gender , class , “economic hardships, and discrimination” . I argue that Bonner is writing her essay about the historical context of oppression forcing women into intersectional oppression by explaining the naturality of racial discrimination between black and white, how time and money equate to the American Dream, and lastly how gender discrimination silences women, specifically black women.
The use of the Confederate cup symbolizes the complex ideas about gender and race. Irene can pass as white, while her husband Brian cannot, despite his white heritage. Irene and Brian are content with their lives, and do not feel the need to pass as white. Stuck in a gender role within her marriage, Irene needed to attach herself to a successful man. She created a good life for her kids with Brian. Brian wanted to go to South America, leaving behind the life Irene worked so hard for. Irene created her own American Dream, and the ideal life she thought she wanted. Irene also felt that she was losing Brian to Clare when she caught him staring at Clare at the party. The life she worked so hard creating as a black woman was threatened by Clare,
The previously discussed reading, Brown by Rodriguez, is an introduction to the idea of being “brown” and the implications that come along with that identity. He states that it is a gray area because people in the category do not have the privileges of being white or receive the repercussions for being black. “Assimilation” and “Who’s Irish?” are both continuations of this idea. The two short readings are different in their plots, but address several overlapping ideas.
Ann Perkins, Jones’ character, is supposed to be an ethnically ambiguous person and in reality, Rashida is biracial (Glamour). Leslie Knope, the white protagonist of the series, frequently uses words like ‘exotic’, ‘tropical’, and ‘ethnically ambiguous’ when complimenting Ann. The ‘compliments’ also act as the only instances where race is spoken about in reference to Ann’s character. One would believe that Leslie’s constant complimenting of Ann is beneficial to viewers with a biracial identity, but there are some serious problems with Leslie’s behavior. There has been an historical and recent fascination with ‘mixed’ children. This fascination has crossed over into fetishizatoin of biracial or mixed children and people. Biracial people are seen less as people and more as a kind of spice that bell hooks mentions in her work “Eating the Other: Desire and Resistance” (21). They are something that helps liven up the blandness of the pervasive white culture. Another harmful aspect of Ann’s depiction relates to her class. In Edison’s work, she notes that “biracial individuals living in a middle- and upper-class environments are more likely to be perceived as biracial (rather than black) than those living in working- and lower-class environments” and that “‘color blind’ portrayals of middle- and upper-class Black and biracial characters support the notion that race no longer matters (at least for middle- and upper-class people)” (Edison, 302; 304). Ann’s character is a successful college-educated nurse which is not problematic until one realizes that her race is never truly discussed. This feeds into the stereotype that race does not matter and that all people in the U.S. have the same opportunities. Again, the lack of racial representation leaves one character the duty of depicting a whole group of
I was late for school, and my father had to walk me in to class so that my teacher would know the reason for my tardiness. My dad opened the door to my classroom, and there was a hush of silence. Everyone's eyes were fixed on my father and me. He told the teacher why I was late, gave me a kiss goodbye and left for work. As I sat down at my seat, all of my so-called friends called me names and teased me. The students teased me not because I was late, but because my father was black. They were too young to understand. All of this time, they thought that I was white, because I had fare skin like them, therefore I had to be white. Growing up having a white mother and a black father was tough. To some people, being black and white is a contradiction in itself. People thought that I had to be one or the other, but not both. I thought that I was fine the way I was. But like myself, Shelby Steele was stuck in between two opposite forces of his double bind. He was black and middle class, both having significant roles in his life. "Race, he insisted, blurred class distinctions among blacks. If you were black, you were just black and that was that" (Steele 211).
society. She feels that they have disrespected and unappreciated just because of their skin color. Claudia is so