Caregivers play a primary role in how a child may develop. The daily interaction between the caregiver and child continually changes the pathway in which the child may take. How the child is raised and the parenting style used is a significant influence on that development by affecting the relationship between parent and child. This supports the Attachment theory in which emphasizes relationship between the child and caregiver as a key factor in development. My Caregiver’s Parenting Style My parents, my father specifically, believed that children should obey their elders without question and without hesitation. This outlook on parenting stems from their cultural background as Vietnamese immigrants. In my culture, family is structured with a patriarchic hierarchy with obedience being the most important trait in children. If obedience was not given then physical repercussions is sure to follow. When I was young, I remember being spanked often with a fly swatter. Rationale is often not given with instructions. In fact, if I were to ask for a reason behind a demand, it was seen as arguing with them and defiance. Not only do they lack rationale but also they somewhat lack warmth and involvement. They often are unaware of my problems in life or school. I learned not to go to them to talk about my troubles because they fail to provide me with the comfort that I needed. Due to this reason, they are uninvolved in a good portion of my life. However, they do provide physical affection when the occasion calls for it. This parenting method that my parents employ is one that emphasizes obedience, control and respect for elders and authority. They raised me without emotional warmth and used physical punishments. According to the Baumrind Theor... ... middle of paper ... ...ANGE SITUATION. Child Development, 41(1), 49-67. Bretherton, I. (1985). Attachment Theory: Retrospect and Prospect. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50, 3-35. Sanford M. Dornbusch, Philip L. Ritter, P. Herbert Leiderman, Donald F. Roberts and Michael J. Fraleigh Child Development, Vol. 58, No. 5, Special Issue on Schools and Development (Oct., 1987), pp. 1244-1257 Drexler, P. (2012, September 29). When Parents Have Different Styles: Does It Spell Disaster?. When Parents Have Different Styles: Does It Spell Disaster?. Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peggy-drexler/when-parents-have-differe_b_1925090.html Rury, J. D. (2012, June 10). Attachment Theory and Parenting Styles. Attachment Theory and Parenting Styles. Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://jdrury.hubpages.com/hub/attachement-theory-and-parenting-styles
Relationships are the building block for personality and are significant in children’s ability to grow into substantial individuals who can thrive in an often harsh world. Constructing lasting and fulfilling relationships is an integral part to development as the interpersonal bonds forged are not only highly sought after but also set the ground work for all upcoming expressive interactions. Relationships and attachment go hand in hand as attachment is the strong and lasting linkage established between a child and his or her caregiver. Moreover, attachment significantly influences a large capacity of ones make up as it these first relationships that teaches morals, builds self-esteem, and develops a support system. The pioneers of Attachment Theory realized early on that human beings are not solely influenced by drives but that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers greatly impact their ability to forge lasting relationships later in life. John Bowlby was first to introduce this theory to the masses in the 1950’s, and later Mary Ainsworth conducted further research to expand on Bowlby’s theory which proclaims that attachment is a “lasting psychological connectedness between human beings” (Bowlby, 1969, p. 194). The attachment bond theory by both Bowlby and Ainsworth focuses on the significance of the relationship between babies and their caretakers which research has suggested is accountable for influencing impending interactions, firming or injuring our capabilities to concentrate, being aware of our emotional states, self-soothing capabilities, and the capacity to be resilient in the face of hardship. Additionally, this research has provided a framework for assisting in describing these att...
Authoritarian child rearing Diana Baumrind (1971) classified it as low in acceptance and involvement, high in coercive control, and low in autonomy granting (Berk 279). Authoritarian parents force their children to follow and obey the rules unconditionally if not will get punished. Parents will usually appear irritable and angry and will not express much warmth or nurturing (Cherry). There is little open communication between parent and the child. Their way to communicate with their children is usually by yelling and little or
(Early infant attachment is an important phenomena to study as it is connected to later child development). Early infant attachment is linked to cognitive, social, and emotional development (Pallini, Baiocco, Schneider, Madigan, & Atkinson, 2014). These three developmental aspects are significant in one’s later mental process capabilities, the relationships formed later in life, as well as their psychological stability. The attachments formed with caregivers in infancy are vital. Bowlby stated, “It is our first relationship, usually with our mother, that much of our future well-being is determined” (O’Gorman, 2012). It’s crucial for a child’s development to look at parenting styles and early infant attachment classifications which are made to caregivers. Most research focuses around mother-infant attachment making little known about the relationships made with fathers.
Bretherton, I. (1992) ‘The origins of attachment theory: John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth’ [On-line] UK: Available: http://www.psychology.sunysb.edu/attachment/online/inge_origins.pdf Accessed: February 10, 2011
The attachment theory, presented by Mary Ainsworth in 1969 and emerged by John Bowlby suggests that the human infant has a need for a relationship with an adult caregiver, and without a subsequent, development can be negatively impacted (Hammonds 2012). Ainsworth proposes that the type of relationship and “attachment” an infant has with the caregiver, can impact the social development of the infant. As stated by Hammonds (2012), attachment between a mother and a child can have a great impact on the child 's future mental
Previously, I had gained some of my knowledge of parenting strategies and styles from family and other classes I have taken in the family and child studies department. Over the course of this semester, I have been introduced to even more parenting strategies, theories, and discipline strategies that I believe would be effective in parenting. Reading the textbook, and the in class discussions have given me a deeper insight to what the ideas and the positive outcomes are using strategies that have been backed up by research.
Greenberg, M. T. (1990) Attachment in the preschool years. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press.
Infant attachment is the first relationship a child experiences and is crucial to the child’s survival (BOOK). A mother’s response to her child will yield either a secure bond or insecurity with the infant. Parents who respond “more sensitively and responsively to the child’s distress” establish a secure bond faster than “parents of insecure children”. (Attachment and Emotion, page 475) The quality of the attachment has “profound implications for the child’s feelings of security and capacity to form trusting relationships” (Book). Simply stated, a positive early attachment will likely yield positive physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive development for the child. (BOOK)
Growing up, two group of people, parents, and grandparents, took the time and the energy to raise me. Both of them had different approaches when raising me. These approaches were different parenting styles. According to Baumrind, parenting style was the “[capturing] normal variations in parents’ attempts to control and socialize their children” (Darling, 1999). To put it simply, parenting style goal was to lecture, influence, and discipline a child. In general, there are four parenting styles with their own specific benefits and disadvantages. Furthermore, parenting style, granted the dynamic of the family was understood, can be identified in families.
Sroufe, L.A., & Waters, E. (1977). Attachment as an organizational construct. Child Development. 48, 1-5, 7, 10-12.
McDevitt, T. M., and J. E. Ormrod. "Parenting Styles." Child Development and Education. 3rd ed. N.p.: Prentice Hall, 2006. 159-161. Education.com. Merill, 2007. Web. 27 Dec. 2013. .
The first topic that came up in the interview relates to idea of attachment theory. Attachment theory explains the human’s way of relating to a caregiver and receives an attachment figures relating to the parent, and children. In addition, the concept explains the confidence and ability for a child to free explore their environment with a place to seek support, protection, and comfort in times of distress (Levy, Ellison, Scott, and Bernecker, 2010, p. 193). Within attachment theory explains different types of attachment styles that children experience during early childhood. These attachment styles affect the relationships they continue to build in adulthood. The best attachment style happens when the parent is attuned to the child during his or her early childhood called secure attachment (Reyes, 2010, p. 174). In order for complete secure attachment, the child needs to feel safe, seen, and soothed. Any relationship that deviates from this model represents the anxious or insecure attachment. This means that parents or caregivers are inconsistently responsive to the children. Children who have these parents are usually confused and insecure. Some children experience a dismissive attachment where they
Attachment theory is the idea that a child needs to form a close relationship with at least one primary caregiver. The theory proved that attachment is necessary to ensure successful social and emotional development in an infant. It is critical for this to occur in the child’s early infant years. However, failed to prove that this nurturing can only be given by a mother (Birns, 1999, p. 13). Many aspects of this theory grew out of psychoanalyst, John Bowlby’s research. There are several other factors that needed to be taken into account before the social worker reached a conclusion; such as issues surrounding poverty, social class and temperament. These factors, as well as an explanation of insecure attachment will be further explored in this paper.
John Bowlby’s attachment theory established that an infant’s earliest relationship with their primary caregiver or mother shaped their later development and characterized their human life, “from the cradle to the grave” (Bowlby, 1979, p. 129). The attachment style that an infant develops with their parent later reflects on their self-esteem, well-being and the romantic relationships that they form. Bowlby’s attachment theory had extensive research done by Mary Ainsworth, who studied the mother-infant interactions specifically regarding the theme of an infant’s exploration of their surrounding and the separation from their mother in an experiment called the strange situation. Ainsworth defined the four attachment styles: secure, insecure/resistant, insecure/avoidant and disorganized/disoriented, later leading to research studies done to observe this behavior and how it affects a child in their adolescence and adulthood.
Meins, A. (2011). Emotional development and attachment relationships. In G. Bremner & A. Slater (Eds.), An introduction to developmental psychology (2 ed., pp. 183-216). Sussex: British Psychology Society