Destructive Competition Exposed in Cantor's Dilemma
Competition is often useful as a means of motivation. However, in the scientific world, competition has the potential to cause many scientists to forget their main purpose in research. The main goal of scientific research is to develop knowledge that will better society. When scientists work together to help each other reach a common goal, science is working as it should.
However, with so much competition to be the best scientist, make the most money, and possibly win the Nobel Prize, it is difficult for scientists to share ideas. Many scientists are very secretive. Carl Djerassi, a world famous scientist, describes this competition in his fictional novel, Cantor's Dilemma. In his novel, he demonstrates the secrecy that competition encourages when two scientists, Cantor and Stafford, complete an important experiment. Cantor does not want to publish the full experimental details right away. He explains, "No, I'd like to string this out a bit. Just a preliminary communication first, without the experimental details, so that nobody can jump on the bandwagon right away."
Scientists are very concerned with the idea that another scientist may get hold of their work and claim it as his or her own. In Cantor's Dilemma, Cantor decides to which journal he will send his manuscript based on his prior knowledge of referees. Referees review the experiment and pass it along to other scientists for verification of the results. He did not want an American referee to leak the news. Therefore, he sent the manuscript to London where an American referee would not have the opportunity to see the article.
Many scientists adopt other people's ideas as their own. Surprisingly, this often happens unintentionally. Djerassi describes grant requests in Cantor's Dilemma. When a grant request is sent in, most of the people on the review board are the scientist's competition. Since they are dealing with ideas and not completed work, the review board has the opportunity to steal ideas. Cantor describes that, "[Members of the review board] can't help but remember what [they] read, and after a while, say a few months or even weeks later, [they] forget where [they] first saw it and gradually [they] think it's their own idea." For this reason, most scientists do not give many details when they are applying for a grant.
Competition also can influence a scientist into producing fraudulent results.
Albert Einstein declared, “The most important thing is to never stop questioning.” Questions help extend our knowledge by opening our minds to change and new possibilities. The excerpt talks about the mindset that scientists need to become successful and the process they go through to make new discoveries. In The Great Influenza, John M. Barry educates citizens of the everyday challenges that scientists face through utilizing rhetorical questions, cause and effect, and contrast.
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own will or suicide be a moral act? What about a patient that is suffering from
Science is a way of approaching the world, knowing why and how things around us are occurring. The scientific method allows scientists to be precise and focused. Through that medium, they can determine which hypotheses are consistently supported such that they become theories and which need more modification or rejection. This type of knowing can be tested and quantified. Scientists strive to make their observations as objective as possible, to be devoid of human interest. Scientists try to control all the variables ...
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Starbucks Corporation is the world’s leading retailer of specialty coffee beverages and accompanying confectionery items. Starbucks was established in 1971 in Seattle by Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegal and Gordon Bowker. Currently, Starbucks has over 21,000 stores and operates in more than 63 countries. The company’s mission is to offer an opportunity for people to enjoy a good cup of coffee and engage in a good conversation. The following situational analysis provides a detailed look at the current business situation of Starbucks by providing an in-depth analysis of the company’s current product, market, opportunities, and challenges.
He also went into battle with his troops, he didn't just tell them what to do and send them off he went with them to help, which I think was the right thing to do. James Madison had a diary and many memoirs about different stages of his life. In one of the many diaries he wrote “Monday May 14th 1787 was the day fixed for the meeting of the deputies in Convention for revising the federal System of Government. On that day a small number only had assembled. Seven States were not convened till,”. Madison made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing, with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay in the Federalist essays. In later years, when he was referred to as the "Father of the Constitution”. Madison looked his work but Overwork produced several years of hysteria and early death, which made military training difficult but did not prevent home study of public law. Madison lived a long, full and successful life. He is one of the reasons our country is the way it is to this day, most of the documents that he helped write are still being studied and used today to keep things the same. Madison died at the age of 85 on June 28, 1863 in his hometown Orange County Virginia from heart failure and his sicknesses from when he was
Starbucks’ strives on expanding its name and reputation globally. It has opened outlets internationally, but with poor management and understanding of its global market, expectations were not achieved and resulted in outlet closures. Stores closures of most of Australia’s outlets and some US outlets resulted in “almost 6,000 job losses; n addition 700 positions were cute in corporate and support positions”. (Grant, 2012)
Being curious about the surroundings can produce the progression of knowledge, but can also create an imbalance of power amongst people. The development of science can begin with a scientist experimenting on a certain subject. Afterwards, other scientists are able to expand on that specific experiment and compare results between them. It is akin to a chain reaction of knowledge where scientists continuously improve upon past theories. For example, a famous astronomer, Ptolemy believed in a geocentric view of the universe where all the celestial objects orbited the earth. However, as time went on, another astronomer proved that the universe was instead heliocentric, or “sun-centered.” The progression from geocentric view to ...
Starbucks the world’s largest coffee company that has announced its long term objectives and its starting with expansion of more stores and growth strategies as it will start to enter the tea industry and boost the consumer relationship. The company plans to do the following: first by the company having a substantial growth in sales. The company will open more new stores and remodel many more within the next ten years, so that they can capitalize on the Starbucks brand, they will be able to enjoy new products known as the Evolution Fresh juices at all the stores. Starbucks is also booming in China. The revenue has grown and they will start to open new stores in Thailand, Singapore and Australia and all with strong performances
Ever since the scientific revolution, there have been countless breakthroughs in the scientific field. From the invention of the light bulb to the computers we stare at daily, it is axiomatic that such things can only happen due to the advancement in science. However, a myriad of scientific researches today have received strong opposition due to the ethical concerns regarding the research. This essay will agree that ethics hinder scientific research because society has a system of shared values and norms which constitutes people’s ethical personality and differentiates what is ethical and can be tolerated.
She endured various forms of mental and physical abuse before being rewarded with a rich husband. What made the difference in the end was that even initially Pamela knew her beliefs, she knew who she was and stayed true to herself. Others say that because she is of lower class her life has no value, however; it is her virtue that gave her value because it was something that no one could take away. Even during the temptations made my Mr. B while he was considered to be her master, Pamela refused to allow him to mold her into something other than her true self. In Mr. B’s mind, he thought her resistance was similar to an older version of playing hard to get and because of this he ultimately fell in love with her. Due to her dedication to her virtue, Pamela reversed the system and changed what people valued. By standing firmly by her own choices Pamela created a happy life for herself whether she knew what she was doing or