Links Between A Doll's House and Crime and Punishment There are many links between Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoyevsky and A Doll's House, by Henrik Isben. Each character goes through many ironic situations. Throughout both of the works, dramatic, situational, and verbal irony are used. This essay will show similarities in how the three types of irony were used in each work. Dramatic irony is used throughout Crime and Punishment. The reader knows that Rodion Romanovitch Raskolnikov killed the pawnbroker, Alyona Ivanovna, and her sister, Lizaveta Ivanovna. A quote to support this is, "He took the axe right out, swung it up in both hands, barely conscious of what he was doing, and almost without effort, almost effort, almost mechanically, brought the butt of it down on the old woman's head." (Dostoyevsky 114) No one in the novel knows who killed the pawnbroker and her sister except for Raskolnikov. The police officer, Porfiry Petrovitch, suspects that Raskolnikov killed the pawnbroker and her sister but he cannot prove it. The reader also knows that Luzhin puts money in Sofya Semyonovna Marmeladov's pocket when she is not looking. After Sofya, whose nickname is Sonia, finishes talking to Luzhin she leaves. Sonia has no idea that Luzhin has put money into her pocket. Raskolnikov's friend, Andrei Semyonovitch Lebezyatnikov, was present when all of that takes place. "All of this was observed by Andrei Semyonovich." (Dostoyevsky 460) Luzhin goes to a reception for Sonia's father, Semyon Zakharovitch Marmeladov, and announces that Sonia is a thief. Sonia immediately denies the accusation. Luzhin tells her to look in her pocket. Sure enough the money that he was missing was there. Luzhin wants Sonia to marry him but she does not love him. Luzhin plans to blackmail Sonia into marrying him. Lebezyatnikov steps in to save the day when he says, "I saw it. I saw it.... And even though it's against my convictions, I would be prepared to swear to it on oath in any court of law you'd care to name, because I saw how you slipped it into her pocket on the sly!" (Dostoyevsky 465) A Doll's House also contains many examples of dramatic irony. In A Doll's House the reader is aware that Nora borrowed money from Krogstad without her husband's permission. Nora also forged her father's name to gain the money. She says, "You don't know all. I forged a name." (Isben 44) In the following conversation between Nora and Christine it is clearly stated that Torvald does not know of Nora's actions: "Mrs. Linde. And since then have you never told your secret to your husband? Nora. Good heavens, no!" (Isben 13) Another example of dramatic irony in A Doll's House is when Nora wants to practice a dance called the Tarantella. When Torvald goes to look in the letter box Nora says, "Torvald please don't. There is nothing in there." (Isben 46) The reader knows that Nora has not forgotten the dance. The reader knows this when Torvald goes to check the mail and Nora begins to play the Tarantella. Nora then says, "I can't dance to-morrow if I don't practise with you." (Isben 46) The reader knows that all Nora is trying to do is keep Torvald from reading the mail which contains a letter from Krogstad. Situational irony is also used throughout the two works. In Crime and Punishment Raskolnikov is the one who murdered the two sisters. It was totally unexpected when Nikolai came to the police office and said, "I'm the guilty one! The sin is mine! I'm the murderer!" (Dostoyevsky 413) The reader did not expect Nikolai to confess to the two murders because the reader knows that Raskolnikov is the one who murdered the two sisters. Porfiry did not expect Nikolai to confess either. He was positive that Raskolnikov had murdered the pawnbroker and her sister. It is also ironic when Raskolnikov goes to the police station and says, "What if it were I who murdered Lizaveta and the old woman?" (Dostoyevsky 211) Zamyotov just sits back and smiles. Raskolnikov then says, "Admit that you believed me! You did didn't you?" (Dostoyevsky 211) "Of course I didn't! And now I believe you even less!" (Dostoyevsky 211) The reader expects Zamyotov to do his job and arrest Raskolnikov when he confesses to the murders. Letting Raskolnikov is a surprise to everyone including himself. In A Doll's House there are also examples of situational irony. An example of situational irony is when Nora leaves Torvald. There is no hint that Nora is going to leave Torvald until the end of the book. At the beginning of the book she acts as if she loves him very much. Not until she says, "Or if anything else should happen to me-anything, for instance, that might prevent me from being here-" (Isben 45) does anyone think about Nora leaving Torvald. At the end of the play she calls Torvald a "stranger" and walks out. The reader does not expect Mrs. Linde and Krogstad to have been get married. The reader does not even know that they are friends. When Christine, Mrs. Linde, says, "Nils, how would it be if we two shipwrecked people could join forces." (Isben 51) The reader finds out that Christine and Krogstad need each other. No one expects Christine to want to be with Krogstad because he has been corrupt in the past. But Christine also knew and loved Krogstad in the past. Raskolnikov says many ironic things throughout the novel. When he is trying to confess to Zamyotov he says, "All ears upstairs?"(Dostoyevsky 207) He really does not mean if Zamyotov's ears are physically upstairs. He is asking Zamyotov if he is listening to what he is saying. He just wants Zamyotov to listen carefully to what he is about to say. After Raskolnikov receives a letter from his mother he says, "Because the whole thing is perfectly clear." (Dostoyevsky 74) The letter is not clear or opaque. Raskolnikov understands the letter completely. He is able to see what his mother is trying to say in the letter. He says, "No, mother, no, Dunya, you won't full me!" (Dostoyevsky 74) He realizes that his mom and sister are trying to fool him in the letter. Verbal irony is also present in A Doll's House. When Helmer says, "Is that my little skylark twittering out there?" (Isben 3) He is not really asking if Nora is a bird. He is not even saying that she is twittering like a bird. He is just asking if it is his wife, Nora, and if she is saying something. When Torvald Helmer says, "Is it my little squirrel bustling about?" (Isben 4) He does not think that Nora is a squirrel either. Nora has her share of verbal irony too. When she is sitting down talking to Mrs. Linde she says, "There now, it is burning up." (Isben 15) The place is not literally burning up. The house is not on fire. Nora is just stating that the temperature inside the house is hot. Nora then gets up and, "Shuts the door of the stove and moves the rocking-chair aside." (Isben 15) All three types of irony are used throughout the two works. Crime and Punishment and A Doll's House would be incomplete without irony. Irony plays an important role in any type of literature. Irony is used to help show the opposite of what is actually said and/or done. I think that without irony there would be no literature. I think that literature would be boring and plain if there was no irony to add to its originality and creativity.
Dostoyevsky's writing in this book is such that the characters and setting around the main subject, Raskolnikov, are used with powerful consequences. The setting is both symbolic and has a power that affects all whom reside there, most notably Raskolnikov. An effective Structure is also used to show changes to the plot's direction and Raskolnikov's character. To add to this, the author's word choice and imagery are often extremely descriptive, and enhance the impact at every stage of Raskolnikov's changing fortunes and character. All of these features aid in the portrayal of Raskolnikov's downfall and subsequent rise.
has the right to make her own decisions. If a woman decides to have an abortion
The first President in to die in office was William Henry Harrison, he died after catching pneumonia. When he died John Tyler became President. The second President to die in office was Zachary Taylor who died from acute gastroenteritis. His successor was Millard Fillmore. President Warren G Harding also died in office from natural causes, he had a heart attack and Calvin Coolidge became President. The most recent President to die in office of natural causes was Franklin D Roosevelt, who died from a cerebral hemorrhage. Upon his death Harry Truman became
Edgar Allan Poe is an American writer and is considered the founder of the horror story. Most of his work is dark and gloomy. This can be seen both in his prose and in his poetry. Poe’s writings are sometimes considered bizarre as the writer himself, but in fact they are profoundly artistically developed. His literary creations are perfect examples of Romantic and Gothic literature. In them he explores the world of the human mind, including the imagination and dreams. He wants the reader to be able to fully envision the scene as if he was there in the story. A good example of this can be found in his poem “The Raven”, which was first published in 1845. Poe wrote it when he was going through some difficult times and this is reflected in the overall feeling, which is emitted from the poem. Poe’s description of the setting in “The Raven” and his use of figurative language and symbolism help create one of the best poems he wrote and an atmosphere, which can still be felt by the readers today.
...be taken away from her, she asks Dimmesdale to help her. This is an example of irony because the audience knows that Dimmesdale and Hester are partners in sin, but the characters do not. The last example of irony is when Hester implies that Dimmesdale knows her best since he is her pastor, while one later understands that Dimmesdale knows her well because they committed adultery together.
Morbid, sick, and psychotic are all words many use to describe the late writer Edgar Allan Poe. His images of ghost and maniacs have given readers chills throughout the years. While many believe Edgar Allan Poe was nothing more than a deranged horror writer, a deeper look at some of his macabre tales such as “The Raven,” “The Fall of the House of Usher,” and “The Tale-Tell Heart,” shows Poe’s literary brilliance through the use of symbolism. His ability to create deeper meanings in his stories has caused many to claim Poe as the most influential writer of the 19th century. An analysis of Poe’s use of symbolism truly reveals his genius to create excitement and force the reader to form a deeper perception of his tales.
The suffering and submission occurs prominently in the character Avdotya Romanovna Raskolnikov, the sister of Raskolnikov. (“Dunya,” “Dunechka”) “No, it’s my fault most of all! I was tempted by his money, but I swear, brother—I never imagined he could be such an untrustworthy man!”(Dostoevsky) Raskolnikov and Dunya’s relationship has a deep connection. They rely and respect each other greatly. This relationship is not, however, the most influential of her existence in this novel. Dunya is bound by a arranged marriage to Pyotr Petrovitch Luzhin, to escape poverty. “[Raskolnikov] For one she [Dunya] loves, for one she adores, she will sell herself”(Dostoevsky) Luzhin is obsessed with Dunya and will do anything to make her subservient to him. “[Dunya] I intend to be loyal in rendering all that he expects of me”(Dostoevsky) Once breaking the marriage vows to Luzhin, Arkady Ivanovich Svidrigailov attempts to make Dunya love him. Although the death of his wife, Marfa Petrovna, made Svidrigailov more generous, his threatening presence offends both Dunya and Raskolnikov. Svidrigailov attempts to rape Dunya and to tell her about her brother's murders. She accuses him of murdering his own wife. Dunya attempts to shoot him for protection from his sexual assault. Overcoming forced relationships, Dunya eventually took control of her life and met a man she could equally love and trust. That man is Dmitri Prokofych Razumikhin, his name originates from the Russian word razum which means “reason” or “intelligence” . Dunya and Razumikhin’s love, and Razumikhin love and respect for Raskolnikov, creates a stable relationship between Razumikhin and Dunya. She overcomes her submissive behaviors for true happiness and
One of the most profound and obvious changes in Raskolnikov’s character can be seen in the newfound appreciation for other people and human relationships he discovers at the end of the novel. When the reader is first introduced to Raskolnikov, Dostoevsky quickly makes it apparent that he has little to no regard for others, writing on the very first page that Raskolnikov was “so completely absorbed in himself, and isolated from his fellows that he dreaded meeting, not only his landlady, but anyone at all” (1). Indeed, in Raskolnikov’s mind, “to be forced to listen to [the landlady’s] trivial, irrelevant gossip […] and to rack his brains for excuses, to prevaricate, to lie” is the most loathsome thing imaginable (1). His disdain toward other people is so great that the mere thought of interacting with anyone for any length of time repulses him. On some occasions...
Irony is a useful device for giving stories many unexpected twists and turns. In Kate Chopin's "The Story of an Hour," irony is used as an effective literary device. Situational irony is used to show the reader that what is expected to happen sometimes doesn't. Dramatic irony is used to clue the reader in on something that is happening that the characters in the story do not know about. Irony is used throughout Chopin's "The Story of an Hour" through the use of situational irony and the use of dramatic irony.
"You keep lying!" screamed Raskolnikov, no longer able to restrain himself. "You're lying, you damned clown!" And he flung himself on Porfiry, who retired to the doorway, but without a trace of panic. "I understand everything, everything!" He approached Porfiry. "You're lying and taunting me so Ill give myself away-" "You can't give yourself away any more than you have already, Rodion Romanovich, old man. Why, you've gone into a state. Don't shout, I'll call my men, sir!" (Dostoyevsky, 34)
Through Raskolnikov's fears, the reader is able to see that he does feel guilt. When he is awake and sober in mind, he is an egoist and believes that he is extraordinary. It is through his visions of ghosts and phantoms, that one can feel the guilt haunting him. Through his dreams, he sees for himself that his beliefs are wrong.
...es by some form of punishment. Because his conscience, which is built upon religion, does not agree with the murders, Raskolnikov knew that what he did was not right. This message is the purpose Dostoyevsky introduces Raskolnikov to achieve. However, crime is often taken literally to mean crime with the law, but the crime that really causes conflict is the crime that occurs in Raskolnikov’s conscience. Religion is seen in the most obvious form at the fruition of his punishment. Crime and Punishment shows conformity to society’s laws as a paradigm for redemption, which is taken from a religious context in that Jesus suffered for redemption. Raskolnikov embraces conformity when he turns himself in, accepting religion’s, and therefore society’s, expectations for him.
The language that is used to describe this impulsiveness is abrupt in order to create a sense of urgency in scenes. When another character is “alarmed by his expression” (Dostoevsky 189), his expression “reveal(s) an agonizingly poignant emotion, and at the same time something immobile, almost insane” (Dostoevsky 189). Dostoevsky, throughout the novel, develops a habit of describing Raskolnikov’s facial expressions in order for readers to experience the same imagery that surrounding characters are experiencing at the time when the facial expressions are taking place. Furthermore, sentences that describe Raskolnikov’s odd habits are structured in a two parts: the beginning of the sentence will introduce a habit, and will then shift to demonstrate the underlining significance of said habit. Linking back to the Raskolnikov’s habit of talking to himself, the two-part sentence structure is shown with the line of: “he walked, as his habit was, without noticing his way, whispering and even speaking aloud to himself” (Dostoevsky 41). However, Dostoevsky will also throw in short sentences that will disrupt the prose of the novel in order to convey the mentality of his character during a scene;
A lawyer is defined as, “a person whose profession is to represent clients in a court of law or to advise or act for clients in other legal matters.” (Dictionary.com). Practice of law, however, extends beyond simply the representation of clients in a court. Law offers many different opportunities to those who are persistent enough to carry on to law school, and beyond.
Anderson’s theory of ‘imagined Communities’ has been widely applied to the field of nationalism and some of scholar also considers about the effect of the media to build nation. Gellner(1983) attention to the role of the media in construction of nationalist message and highlights that media itself can generate the concept of nationalism. Although Anderson did not suggest as crude as media own their own bring nations in to be, he believe media are involved in building a sense of belonging to a