For centuries mankind has experimented on animals for a number of different reasons. Early experimentation with animals was originally born out of curiosity but eventually became a necessity to find medicines to cure viruses and a myriad of illnesses. If not for the existence of animals, humans would be left to experiment on themselves at a high rate which would create a worldwide moral dilemma. Such a dilemma could be dictated based on the question of who should be chosen for experimentation; should it be a particular race or class of people? Animals commonly used in medical research are rats and chimpanzees. Over time these species have proven to be plentiful and they have exhibited the ability to sustain the various testing regimens that mimic human experimentation. “The need for animals in research, particularly medical research, is because of the need to determine the toxicity and dangers of new drugs.” (Prater 1). Animals are great learning tools for medical students. “For basic research, to understand a disease, dogs are an excellent mimic of the human cardiovascular system.” (Dixon 1). As one may see using animals as cruelty, it avoids the death of numerous humans. Animals such as guinea pigs can be tested on as opposed to performing a huge surgery on a human being and he/she does not make it through. The effect of some animals does not always affect people, but it can give you an idea of what dangers you may encounter. Other animals like, cats, mice, hamsters, rabbits, pigs, and sheep are also tested in labs, “animal research has played a vital role in virtually every major medical advance of the last century – for both human and animal health. From antibiotics to blood transfusions, from dialysis to organ-... ... middle of paper ... ...des Improvements." PubMed.com. N.P. May 2009. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Gargaro, Carolyn C. "Animals Used For Medical Research." Gargaro.com. N.P. July 1991. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Greek, Ray. "Is The Use of Sentient In Basic Research Justifiable." PEHM.com. N.P. Sept. 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Jessen, Walter. "Animal Research: Animal Welfare Vs Animal Rights." HighlightHealth.com. N.P Sept. 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Prater, Alicia M. "Should Animals Be Used For Experimentation." Helium.com. N.P. Nov. 2007. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Rolling, Bernard E. "Animal Research: A Moral Science." Emboreports.com. N.P. Aug. 2008. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Tatchell, Peter. "The Long Fight Against Animal Testing." Guardian.com. N.P. July 2009. Web. 21 Nov. 2011. Trull, Frankie L. "The Essential Need For Animals in Medical Research." AmericanChronicle.com. N.P. Oct. 2005. Web. 21 Nov. 2011.
Zak, Steven. “Ethics and Animals.” Taking Sides: Science, Technology, and Society. Gilford: Dushkin Publishing Group, 2007
The information that animals have provided scientists over the past decades has changed society, and is still changing society for the better. Millions of lives have been saved with the use of animal testing and many more will be saved with continued research. However, there are many who dismiss this monumental achievement completely and oppose the use of animals in laboratory research. Though many find this practice to be
The practice of using animals for testing has been a controversial issue over the past thirty years. Animal testing is a morally debated practice. The question is whether animal testing is morally right or wrong. This paper will present both sides of this issue as well as my own opinion.
STATEMENT OF USE: “Although many key questions can still only be answered by animal studies, non-animal methods now account for 90% of medical research and include mathematical and computer models, advanced tissue and cell cultures, and scanning technology.” This information will take a great stance in my paper once more research is done about it. Animals do not need to be used to understand biomedical medicine and knowledge. They are not models for anything society taunts them to be. (76
Frankie Trull. “Animals in Research is Critical to Continued Progress in Human Health.” Ed. Jeanne Williams. The Society for Advancement of Education: 1989. Print.
Over 100 Million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned and abused in testing Labs every year. Animals are used to test the safety of products, advance scientific research, and develop models to study disease and to develop new medical treatments all for the sake of mankind. Animals should not be used for scientific research because animal testing is inhumane, other testing methods now exist, and animals are very different from human beings.
League, Animal Defense. “Policy Statement on Animal Research.” Civil Rights in America. Woodbridge, CT: Primary Source Media, 1999. American Journey.Student Resources in Context. Web. 6 Feb. 2014.
Historically, the use of animals for experimental purposes dates back to early Greek physician-scientists. Aristotle and Galen both conducted experiments on animals in an effort to contribute to our understanding of science and medicine.1 Claude Bernard later established animal experimentation as part of the scientific method. Known as the father of physiology, Bernard stated that “experiments on animals are entirely conclusive for the toxicology and hygiene of man. The effects of these substances are the same on man as on animals, save for differences in degree.”1 Bernard’s work strongly influenced the use of animals in biomedical research, which has become a common, and often required, practice today. The American Medical Association (AMA)...
Philips, Trevor. "Human Self-Interest Will Ensure That Animal Experimentation Continues." The Independent (25 Apr. 1998). Rpt. in Animal Experimentation. Ed. Cindy Mur. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2004. At Issue. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 21 Apr. 2011.
Evans, Kim Masters. "Research Animals." Animal Rights. 2009 ed. N.p.: n.p., 2014. N. pag. Student Resources In Context. Web. 8 Apr. 2014.
Animals have always held a very special place in the hearts of the human race. They are our best friends, our stress relievers, members of our families, and our test subjects for experimentation. For hundreds of years, animals have been used in laboratory settings as a replacement for humans when studying the effects of medical treatments. On average, nearly one hundred million animals are used in clinical trials every year (Ferdowsian). These animals have contributed to hundreds of breakthroughs in the medical field including countless toxicity tests to determine drug toxicity to humans, and exposure to paralyzing anesthetics to create anesthesia used in surgical procedures today. These animals have been vital
The people that support animal testing dispute that without testing many of the medications and procedures that we have today wouldn’t exist and research and growth in the medical field would be very restricted. For scientists and researchers to be able to work on animals, they have made some great discoveries. Surgery on animals has helped in development of organ transplants and open-heart surgery te...
Throughout centuries medical research has been conducted on animals. “Animals were used in early studies to discover how blood circulates through the body, the effect of anesthesia, and the relationship between bacteria and disease” (AMA 59). Experiments such as these seem to be outdated and actually are by today’s means, scientists now study commonly for three general purposes: (1) biomedical and behavioral research, (2) education, (3) drug and product testing (AMA 60). These three types of experiments allow scientists to gain vast amounts of knowledge about human b...
"Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals." AALAS Foundation. 2005. American Association for Laboratory Animal Science. 2012 .
Orlans, F. Barbara. In the Name of Science:Issues in Responsible Animal Experimentation. New York: Oxford UP: Oxford UP, 1993.