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Operant conditioning 4 principle
Basic principles of operant conditioning
Basic principles of operant conditioning
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A movie that I recently took the time to watch called “Black Fish” was a huge example of operant conditioning. This is a documentary of the killer whales at the different SeaWorld 's around America. There has been a lot of talk recently about these whales and I wanted to know more about it. Upon watching this film, I discovered how the psychological process of a whale feeds into the talk of the nation about them. The actions of the whales is what everyone seems to be talking about, coincidently they seem to miss the fact that the whales may be carrying out these actions as a result of how they were conditioned by the trainers at the Seaworld parks. In this film, previous employees of the theme parks were contacted and asked to speak about their experiences with the whales. These were not the typical “sell lemonade to you during the show” workers. These were the people who trained day in and day out with the animals and performed …show more content…
He was put into the back waiting pools with no other whales, since he was to be by himself. These punishments are known as negative punishment. He is no longer offered any extra care or privileges. Over time Tilikum showed an increase in distress from being isolated. Sadly, the whales are originally put into a lot distress due to being put into unnatural habitats. There are many different beliefs on how this will affect Tilikum come the future. Some believe he will act out even more and other think it will solve the problems. Tilikum is only one example of this happening at SeaWorld where it begins with being shown positive reinforcement but then being switched to negative punishment. Which is why SeaWorld has taken the initiative to no longer breed the whales and force them into these unnatural environments. Being shown an inside view of SeaWorld and their tasks as trainers of marine
Since whales are normally peaceful in the wild and they only seem to attack while in captivity, the argument is that captivity is wrong and dangerous for killer whales. This argument is supported by detailed facts about how the whales are tortured and agitated by other whales with no outlet. Both female and male whales are confined to a swimming pool where they are in a way being forced to try and mate. The female whales tend to abuse the male whales, which leads the whales to become mentally and physically unhealthy resulting in attacks on trainer. In the interviews with Corinne Cowell and Nadine Kallen, they mentioned that when they visited Sealand of the Pacific that three whales were confined to a “dingy pool”. Another appeal to pathos is when a neurologist that has studied killer whales mentions how the animals are very intelligent and are well-aware of what is going on around them. (SeaWorld) Killer whales have similar brains to humans, but have a bigger part of their brain where emotions are processed. With this, whales are more aware of their emotions and the bonds they make with humans and other animals. (SeaWorld) With the huge amount of raw footage, first-hand accounts, and true information, the film is able to grasp the attention of the viewers with the amount of emotion that is shown from the former trainers and the whales themselves. With these tactics, the film effectively appeals to the
This resulted in him spending the majority of his time in isolation, something orca whales are not used to. They are known for being social, emotional creatures. They spend their whole life in their pods and form very close bonds with each other. SeaWorld’s arrangement of whales is extremely unnatural because they put random, unrelated whales in a small area together. By doing this, they add to these animals’ frustrations of being in captivity. Years passed, and Tilikum became a part of the main show at SeaWorld. One night in 1999, a man snuck into the park, assumably to see the whales up close. He was found the next morning, draped across Tilikum’s back without any clothes. Among many other injuries, his genitals were ripped off and eaten by the massive whale. SeaWorld public relations released the easy story of a mentally unstable man wanting to have a one on one experience with a killer
On the Waterfront directed by Elia Kazan about a man that once felt he owed something to the mob and now he wants to control his life. This film is a classic mobster movie that is well known for the filming techniques used whilst shooting. The method acting, the lighting, and the camera angles establish the plot.
The film focuses on one orca, commonly referred to as a killer whale, in particular by the name of Tilikum. The documentary begins as a group of contract fishermen hunt a family of killer whales off the coast of Iceland. The hunters are attempting to capture the whales so that they can be put on display for entertainment purposes at various aquatic parks around the world. They succeed in catching Tilikum, a large male orca, along with two other females, and almost immediately, an important question is raised in the viewer’s mind: What gives humanity the right to incarcerate and separate these animals from their natural environment and their families? As the documentary progresses, Tilikum begins to exhibit frustration and aggressive behavior at the amusement park due to the fact that he is being kept in a small underwater storage container when not on display. Eventually, this treatment leads Tilikum to kill his trainer by dragging her to the bottom of the performance tank and forcing her to drown. At this point, another question is presented: Is Tilikum’s aggressive behavior a product of nature, and the nature of orcas as a species, or is it due to his coerced captivity? Over the course of the documentary, a...
For 50 years SeaWorld has entertained park guests with numerous stunts involving the majestic sea creature, the orca, also referred to as the killer whale, and their human trainers. What the on-lookers don’t see at these shows is what goes on behind the scenes: how the whales got there in the first place, and the conditions in which they are housed.
The killer whales living at the SeaWorld park also undergo large amount of stress while living in the pools. Everyday, the whales practice tricks with different trainers. If the whale doesn’t do a trick, they are starved for the day or until the trick is completed the way the trainers want. The lack of food for an eight ton animal is critical and can lead to serious problems. Many times the whales will take out their anger on whales around them but have also been known to go after a trainer when not being fed.
“Operant conditioning is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior” (Cherry). Positive reinforcement which is praising a person for doing something good verses negative reinforcement which is an unpleasant remark a punishment. B.F. Skinner did an experiment on a rat, the rat was taught to push two buttons, one to receive food and the other was a light electric shock. The rat tried both buttons and realized which button was good and which one was bad. This experiment goes to show that upon the rewards and punishment system one can learn their rights from their wrongs through a series of lessons. Kincaid and Hemingway both use operant conditioning to show human behavior under stimulus control.
It all began with good intentions. People thinking that they can control these animals and not expect any negative impacts. It was all due to wanting to explore and entertain with the animals. However, not all animals are meant to be taken from the wild to be show animals. After many years of unfair ways, SeaWorld is doing the right thing by closing down the whale exhibit even if it isn’t by choice because it is unhealthy for both the humans and animals involved.
John Crowe, one of the hunters, is interviewed and tells the story of “the worst thing he’s ever done”. He appeals to the appalled emotions of the audience by admitting to the inhumane way they captured the baby whales. He uses an analogy when discussing the capturing, claiming it was like “kidnapping a kid from its mother”, which pulls at the heartstrings of any parent watching the film, establishing a sense of relatability. The film uses juxtaposition by examining how Crowe, a tough looking man, can be brought to tears by this horrific act. Blackfish then moves to discussing the reason behind Tilikum’s outburst by running a montage of news reports ambushing SeaWorld on the inhumane treatment of whales. The use of the rhetorical question “If you were in a bathtub for 25 years don’t you think you’d get a little irritated, aggravated, maybe a little psychotic?”, grabs the audience’s attention by creating a scenario they can understand. These events create an accusing tone that convinces the audience that SeaWorld is the antagonist of the film. Along with accusations from reporters, SeaWorld has fought many lawsuits against OSHA- the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, due to the way SeaWorld treats their animals. A court hearing is held regarding Tilikum’s behaviour due to pulled video footage of Tilikum lunging towards one of the trainers
Seaworld is a giant marine life theme park. The greatest attraction to these many theme park would be those killer whales. In fact, these killer whales are the face of the park. As gigant as these mammals are, seaworld is keeping them in some pretty tight quarters. Mr. Jett and Mr.Ventre says “Wild killer whales can swim a hundred miles daily as they socialize, forage, communicate, and breed. In stark contrast, with little horizontal or vertical space in their enclosures, captive orcas swim only limited distances, with most spending many hours surface resting.” The animals don't have the freedom they need. Also when taking the whales out of their natural habit the whales tend to be depressed and not as heath in that situation. They need their freedom in the big ocean blue. Bring them into the small living units, breeding whales in captivity all for the entertainment of humans. At young ages the calves are taken away from their mothers on to a new seaworld park. Mothers of the calves have even been seen denying their offspring.
Big Fish, a movie by Tim Burton is a story about a father's relationship with his son. The movie sounds simple but it has an unusual way of revealing the plot by skipping back and forth between the current plot and the father's past. All together, Big Fish has a great meaning behind the storyline and tells the story so graphically and beautifully.
Men in Black (1997) is the first installment of a what is currently three total films, with a possible fourth in the making. Since it is a part of a franchise there is a lot of groundwork laid in this first film. We’re introduced to the main Leif Motive, or theme, for the Men in Black agency. What’s interesting is how we are kind of thrown into this film, with minimal background to what is going on. Overall this film has a unique style, a good integration of the soundtrack elements, and places the viewer in this different world where aliens exist.
The film, Out in the Night documents a 2006 case in which a group of young African American lesbians were accused of gang assault and attempted murder. The film portrays how unconscious bias, institutional discrimination and racism contributed to the convictions of seven African American lesbian women. Three of the women pleaded guilty to avoid going to trial, but four did not. Renata Hill, Patreese Johnson, Venice Brown, and Terrain Dandridge maintained their innocence and each were charged with several years in prison. I cried through out the documentary because it dawned on me that it’s not safe for women, especially gay women of color. The four-minute incident occurred in Greenwich Village where Dwayne Buckle sexually and physically harassed
Millions of people visit Sea World each year (The Fate). They crowd into Shamu Stadium to be entertained by the killer whales as they perform. Their eyes widen, and they sit in awe, as these enormous creatures effortlessly propel themselves out of the water. The children in the audience squeal with delight as the orca’s giant tail sends a wave of ice water over the crowd. But these fast-paced, high-spirited shows hide a darker reality. They are designed to mask the reality of the bare, cold concrete walls that the Orcas are forced to call home. It’s time for people to realize the plight of these mammals. Keeping Orcas in captivity is both harmful and cruel.
Moby-Dick is a world famous psychological thriller and adventure novel. However, due to the Herman Melville’s lavish writing style and its esoteric subject, it can be challenging to read and can cause many readers to become quickly disinterested. Consequently, some of the concepts and significant themes in the novel become lost or hidden in the eyes of an inattentive reader. So how are we able to make the tale more appealing to a larger and more diverse audience? Create a twelve part animated series, or miniseries. Animated films appeal to both adults and children due to its appearance and the inviting illusion of playfulness. Yet, behind this facade we are still given opportunities to convey the significant themes present in