Aims of the new deal
The aims of the new deal are relief, recovery and reform relief is for the old the sick and the unemployed their were many different agencies for all the different aims but some were for more then one section of the new deal the ones for the relief part are
CCC
CWA
FERA
The what they do are CCC = civilian conservation cos
they gave young men new jobs, food and a small wage relief from unemployment the jobs they got given were jobs like clearing land, planting trees to stop oil blowing away , and - strengthening river banks for flood control. The young men got food and clothing and a sense of purpose and most of all a small wage of $1 a day it was also hoped that men sent from the cities would become healthy as a result from the fresh air nearly three million people took part in the scheme.
The CWA = civilian works administration was designed as a short-term scheme to give as many people jobs as possible (four million over the winter 1933-34) some useful work such as building roads, was carried out but many of the jobs, such as sweeping up leaves in parks or getting out - of - work actors to give free shows, simply gave people something to do.
FERA = Federal Emergency Relief Administration was given $500 million to help thousands of Americans who were homeless, penniless and on the brink of starvation. Most of the money was used to increase the number of soup kitchens and to provide clothing , schools and employment schemes
The second aim of the new deal was reform which ensures the great depression never happens again the ones for reform are
TVA
SSA
TVA = Tennessee Valley Authority
was set up to develop the Tennessee valley, a vast area which cut through seven states. It was a pov...
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...uction or reducing their livestock . Less produce meant the prices went up, and between 1933 and 1939 farmers’ incomes doubled. Cotton farmers were paid to plough up ten million acres already planted. The government bought and killed six million piglets in 1933. Some of the meat was tinned and given to the poor, but about nine-tenths was destroyed .
The AAA helped the farmers but not the tenants and sharecroppers who worked on the land. Many of them were evicted because there was not so much work for them to do and farmers replaced them with machinery which they bought with government money.
Their were a few that were for more than one of the aims such as the FCA
FCA = Farm Credit Administration
Made loans to a fifth of all farmers so that they would not lose their farmers.
Roosevelt spent 100 days on this after he became president and more.
Another extreme transformation of the government was to focus federal spending on agriculture and infrastructure. These changes led to subsidizing farmers and developing infrastructure programs like the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act and The National Defense Education Act (NDEA). This in turn helped create jobs and encourage farmers to either plant crops or not to plant crops. Even though farmers received subsidies from the government, so much was produced that there became a huge surplus. This led to major trading with foreign countries and transformed American society and government.
A series of measures took the nation off the gold standard, thereby offering some assistance to debtors and exporters. He also got Congress to appropriate $500 million in federal relief grants to states and local...
Not only did the people struggle, but so did the areas surrounding them. Everything was in horrific shape. Charities were created to help support families who had lost everything, and also to help raise money for reconstruction. A Relief Committee was set up to assist people. The committee was given a task to organize and distribute food, supplies, and money to all those in distress. Contributions for almost everything came in from around the world totaling up to almost $5,000,000. The political economy made sure that even though the main focus was on reconstruction, that men were continuing to receive fair retirement. They were also determined to keep the doors open and full of opportunities for future young men. “On one side we see men of some years disheartened and retired from productive exertion. On the other, we see places opened for younger men” (“Political Economy of the
...ed access to federal subsidies that were given to all farmers. These federal programs were administered locally by a small class that controlled the counties. If they said that their county didn’t have the need for these checks they were returned, or in some cases pocketed by the landowners themselves instead of giving them to the sharecroppers. (Kreisler internet)
After the depression America was in a state mass hysteria as the Wall Street crash had caused a massive crisis among the American public because the impact of the wall street crash caused 12 million people out of work, it also caused 20,000 companies to go bankrupt and there were 23,000 suicides in one year because of the wall street crash this was the highest amount of suicides in a year ever. The main aims of the new deal were Relief, Recovery and Reform, Relief was for the Homeless and Unemployed, recovery was for Industry, Agriculture and Banks and Reform was to prevent the depression form happening again. The structure of The New Deal was the First Hundred Days (1933) where he would focus on relief by helping the homeless and unemployed and recovery by helping industry, agriculture and banks, there was also the Second New Deal where he would focus on Reform, preventing the depression from happening again. Roosevelt believed that the government should help those people worst affected by the depression, this is why he created over 50 alphabet agencies to deal with the problems caused by the depression, this is why he introduced the new deal because he wanted to ease the pressure
The New Deal was a set of acts that effectively gave Americans a new sense of hope after the Great Depression. The New Deal advocated for women’s rights, worked towards ending discrimination in the workplace, offered various jobs to African Americans, and employed millions through new relief programs. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), made it his duty to ensure that something was being done. This helped restore the public's confidence and showed that relief was possible. The New Deal helped serve American’s interest, specifically helping women, african american, and the unemployed and proved to them that something was being done to help them.
The New Deal provided motivation for governmental action for fifty years. The material conditions of the nation could be cast into the frame of the New Deal and would motivate public action to address them. The way that they were addressed was framed by the New Deal's notion that the dispossessed of society were dispossessed because of the irresponsible actions of those at the top of the American economy. Government would become their representative in addressing the failures of capitalist leadership to protect the common man and woman. Franklin D. Roosevelt instituted the New Deal, which consisted of the Workers Progress Administration, and Social Security among several other programs.
“Most New Deal programs discriminated against blacks. The National Recovery Administration, for example, not only offered whites the first crack at jobs, but authorized separate and lower pay scales for blacks” (African Americans and the New Deal). There are also many other instances of how African American’s were not included into the New Deal programs. “White landlords could make more money by leaving land untilled than by putting land back into production. As a result, the AAA’s [Agricultural Adjustment Administration] policies forced more than 100,000 blacks off the land in 1933 and 1934” (African Americans and the New Deal). Furthermore, some New Deal programs helped one certain group, but ruined other people’s lives. For instance, the political cartoon ‘DON’T CRUSH THEM’ depicts FDR and a U.S. farmer using the Farm Relief Bill to figuratively crush business men and women, consumers, and taxpayers. This proves that some New Deal programs favored some people more than others. Some may argue that nothing is going to be perfect and the New Deal could not have possibly helped every single person in the United States. However, this does not justify discriminatory acts towards one race or class. In general, discriminating against one group of people is seen as immoral, meaning that the New Deal did not complete its delegation. Therefore, the New Deal was not a
During World War I, England’s agricultural economy was badly damaged. This inconvenience for the English was a blessing to American farmers. Since the invention of the combine, and various other mechanical harvesting machines, American farmers could increase their crop yield. In turn they could export the extra crops to England for more money. Once England got back on it’s feet, American farmers could not find any exports for their crops. As they continued to produce more than the American people could consume, the prices of agricultural goods dramatically dropped. By the 1930’s many farmers were in serious need of help, with heavy farm loans and mortgages hanging over their head’s. Nothing had been done to help the farmer’s during The Hoover Administration. So in 1933 as part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, the Secretary of Agriculture, Henry Wallace devised a plan to limit production and increase prices. Which came to be known as the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933, also known as the AAA. The AAA was established on May 12, 1933 it was the New Deal idea to assist farmers during the Great Depression. It was the first widespread effort to raise and stabilize farm prices and income. The law created and authorized the Agricultural Adjustment Administration to: Enter into voluntary agreements to pay farmers to reduce production of basic commodities ( cotton, wheat, corn, rice, tobacco, hogs, milk, etc..), to make advanced payments to farmers who stored crops on the farm, create marketing agreements between farmers and middlemen, and to levy processing taxes to pay for production adjustments and market development. Basically the AAA paid farmers to destroy their crops and livestock in return for cash. In 1933 alone cotton farmers were paid $100 million to plow over their cotton crop. Six million piglets were slaughtered by the government after they bought them from farmers. The meat was canned and given to people without jobs. In order for this new bill to work there needed to be money to pay the farmers, this money came from the companies that bought farm products in the form of taxes. While it seemed like a good idea to pay farmers to cut back on crops to lowering the surplus and boost the economy, The Supreme Court found the Act unconstitutional in 1936.
with another famine. The National Land League was formed so that the poor tenant farmers
Several of the policies created to specifically help the jobless during that time were, Emergency Relief Appropriations Act (1935) run by the Public Works Administration (PWA), designed for the construction of public building, roads, dams and other projects. Federal Project No. 1, also run by PWA, gave jobs to writers, musicians, and artist.
The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Tennessee Valley Authority had positive impacts on work and the environment during the great depression. The bill proposing the Civilian Conservation Corps was voted on and passed on March 31, 1933 under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. In addition, the Tennessee Valley Authority was formed May 18 of this same year to work on easing environmental strains in the Tennessee Valley. Roosevelt’s goal when he became president was to improve the economy and environment, and to help raise America from the depression. When he had been governor of New York he had created a public works program similar to the TVA on a smaller scale and it had been met with success. As a result he was encouraged to expand that idea to the Tennessee Valley. The TVA was able to hire many people and remain largely self-sufficient by selling electricity to millions of people in the surrounding area. The selling of electricity was made possible by the Public Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA), which prevented monopolies through public ownership by the government. These programs continued to be very successful throughout the Great Depression and on August 31, 1935, the number of workers in the CCC reached its peak. As the depression ended and more jobs became readily available, the programs started to become less popular, and in 1940 the CCC officially ended.Despite the program’s popularity, the TVA’s constitutionality was called into question in the 1936 supreme court case Ashwander vs. Tennessee Valley Authority. The TVA was declared constitutional a few months after the accusations (Shlaes 238), 208. A few years after the CCC had, the TVA reached its peak of production having more than 28,000 people working on var...
Nevertheless, the Progressive era and the New Deal period were both manifested by the expansive reforms, the content of such reforms were fundamentally different. FDR’s goal for the New Deal was expressed in three words: Relief, Recovery, and Reform. This was the idea that the ND would hope to provide the relief from the poverty-stricken suffering during the Great Depression. Recovery plans to put the country back together and restore the market’s financial issues, the jobs, the people, and their confidence.
Both the Progressive and the New Deal Era’s main goal was to improve American society. Both of the Progressive and New Deal’s accomplishments were rooted from the economic depression and the need of change before the era, the Guilded age in the 19th century for the Progressive era, and the Great Depression for the New Deal era.
With that act the Emergency Farm Mortgage Act came along also. These acts were designed to raise farm incomes, and give funds to farmers. They did this so farmers would not lose their land to foreclosure. The goal of this act was to lower production and raise prices. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration or AAA aided the farmers. In the spring, the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and the farmers got together. When the got together they set up quotas over how many acres of crop and livestock the United States needed. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration would pay farmers not to farm. The AAA secured themselves with the law of supply and demand. This became an enormous problem to the AAA. In 1933, the AAA plowed under millions of corn acres and slaughtered millions of pigs. Even though they AAA saved the farmers from economic disaster they still managed to do some harm along the way. Forty million acres of land had been taken out of production. Regardless of taking all of those acres out for production farm income increased with more than fifty percent within two years. (The New Deal,