Steel: (for all intents and purposes) was invented in 1855 by Henry Bessemer(Mary Bellis). Science the amazing innovation that has changed the world incredible things have been made from the material from bridged cables and cross beams to arresting wires on aircraft carriers that stop monumental force and speed. It is truly an amazing martial, but eventually it snaps, breaks or tears due to the separation of the molecules. Also steel is not the most flexible material there is which may sound good for what it is used for, construction. You wouldn’t want the floor to shift from under but, what about in areas that have a consent threat of earthquakes having a material that is rigid when needed and flexible when needed would be an invaluable asset to construction companies in many countries. Also at $600-$900 per ton(Platts Mcgraw hill financial) it isn’t the most inexpensive material that could be chosen. Chemically is there a better material that could be used in the place of steel that is stronger more flexible and can be produced for a cheaper price than the normal steel that we use today? First, the choice of spider silk seems like a great choice. Mother nature seems to be the greatest designer of all made of different sections of proteins of extremely ridged and at the same time extremely elastic strings of proteins, that when braided together are 5 times stronger than steel and relatively free to produce as long as the spiders are kept healthy. What makes the proteins so strong? They are linked together almost like thousands of Lego’s linked together which by its self does not sound very strong, but just take 3 and pull length wise and try to pull them apart, it's almost impossible. The same concept is used in the spider's silk...
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Bulletproof vests are used world-wide in order to protect the wearer of the vest from a bullet. A shot from a gun can be deadly to anyone and therefore, people searched for protection. They found the answer when they discovered Bulletproof vests. But how can a small vest worn around the torso save someone’s life? In order to understand how it is possible, the process of how it’s made, comes into question. Considering the copious amount of lives they have saved, Bulletproof vests are made by sewing woven fibers into vests and layering them on top of each other, in order to deflect bullets.
The demand for carbon Nanotubes asks for mass production and this is a very sustainable model as there are multiple industries everywhere.
The extraordinary power of the steel industry to shape the life of its communities and the people in them remain...
We use metals to construct all kinds of structures, from bridges to skyscrapers to elevators. The strength as well as durability of materials that are crafted out of metal make the materials ideal not only for construction but also for many other applications.
Bourzac, Katherine. "A Practical Way to Make Invisibility Cloaks." MIT Technology Rview. N.p., 11 June 2011. Web. 12 May. 2014. .
The home building industry became widely aware of steel as a potential alternative in 1993. Steel makers, suppliers, manufacturers and even some builders were quick to rally around this new material. However, the "newness" of steel has a...
Fecht, S. (n.d.). Lighter, Stronger bulletproof clothing. Retrieved April 8, 2014, from Popular Mechanics: http://popularmechanics.com/science/health/med-tech/6spidersilksuperpowers.htm
Industrialization was wide spread during the early 19th century largely due to the advancement of the railroad system. A system put into place that allowed businesses to transport their goods throughout the countryside. Unfortunately, the wrought iron that was used for the rails couldn’t hold up long enough under those extreme conditions. For this reason, another alternative was needed to keep everything functioning as it should. Andrew Carnegie, an immigrant from Scotland who started in the textile industry couldn’t let that opportunity slip by and with the use of the Bessemer process he was able to make a stronger metal out of pig iron.
Have you ever wondered what steel did for the country, or even the world? Well, steel had the leading roll and the greatest impact on industrial America. Steel had been used for many years, it helped American life in many ways. It also was a cheap and quality material that was built to last. Without steel the way we see the world now would be very different.
Gram for gram, spider silk is five times stronger than steel and three times stronger than synthetic materials such as Kevlar. Spider silk is strong enough to stop a bullet at maximum velocity, elastic enough to stretch many times its original length, absorb moisture in order to stay flexible and effective at binding wounds and promoting healing (Nexia Biotechnologies). These properties are what makes spider silk such a desirable material; it is strong and light and can be used as a replacement for many materials such as steel, Kevlar and fishing line.
This product is manufactured by chemically applying a conversion layer on Zincalume steel to enhance coating adhesion. Subsequently a specially formulated primer is baked on surface. And finally a durable exterior grade top-coat is baked on. 10 - 12 years warranty is also standard on this material.
The Bessemer process has had one of its largest effects on our culture. When talking about what buildings steel helps to build, it is mentioned that “Steel framing when building arenas and stadiums provides
By adding up to 2%,of carbon it makes the steel tough and strong. Although it’s tough and strong, it is able to bend. To make sure that the metal doesn’t rust, it has a zinc coating on it. Iron is 26 on the periodic table,and considered an “transition metal,” meaning that it is ductile and malleable, and conduct electricity and heat. ... “Some other elements that are similar to iron are cobalt and nickel. They are the only elements known to produce a magnetic field.” Zinc is 30 on the periodic table and it is also a transition metal like iron. “The first iron used by humans is likely to have come from meteorites.” A meteorite is a meteor that survives its passage through the earth's atmosphere such that part of it strikes the ground. More than 90 percent of meteorites are of rock, while the remainder consist wholly or partly of iron and nickel. Meteors are believed to have been from the asteroid belt of Mars and
Aluminum is one of a number of soft metals that scientists call "poor" metals. It can be shaped and twisted into any form. It can be rolled into thick plates for armored tanks or into thin foil for chewing gum wrappers. It may be drawn into a wire or made into cans. Aluminum is a generally popular metal because it does not rust and it resists wear from weather and chemicals. (Bowman, 391) Aluminum is an element. Its atomic number is thirteen and its atomic weight is usually twenty-seven. Pure aluminum melts at 660.2ºC and boils at 2500ºC. Its density is 2.7 grams per cube centimeter. Aluminum is never found uncombined in nature. (Bowman, 391) Aluminum is a very useful metal that is light, easy to shape and can be strong. This makes aluminum one of the most used metals in the world, right behind iron and steel. (Geary, 185) In its pure state, aluminum is quite weak compared to the other metals. However, its strength can be greatly increased by adding small amounts of alloying elements, heat-treating, or cold working. Only a small percentage of aluminum is used in its pure form. It is made into such items as electrical conductors, jewelry, and decorative trim for alliances and cars. A combination of the three techniques has produced aluminum alloys that, pound for pound, are stronger than structural steel. Some common metals used in alloys for aluminum are copper, magnesium and zinc.(Walker, 31) The added elements give the aluminum strength and other properties. (Newmark, 41) Aluminum is one of the lightest metals. It weighs about 168.5 pounds per cubic foot, about a third as much as steel which weighs 487 pounds per cubic foot. (Neely, 214) As a result, aluminum has replaced steel for many uses. For example, some ...
1000 series: this type of aluminium is used for construction and contains less than one percent additives. It is used to make sheet metal and foil and is not heat treatable but can be strengthened through work hardening. A process of beating, stretching and bending to inc...