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Sheep industry topic
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Adopting Technology: Experience from the BETTER farm Sheep Programme
Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Mellows Campus, Athenry, Co. Galway.
Introduction
The sheep sector in Ireland has experienced significant change over the past 2 decades. The national ewe flock had been in steady decline from a from a high of over 4.5 million ewes in 1995. This trend was stemmed last year when numbers began to increase albeit marginally again to about 2.5 million ewes (CSO). The increased positivity in the sheep sector has come at an important time in Irish agriculture. As an industry, the sheep sector contributes in the order of 250 million euro to the national agricultural output each year.
In Food Harvest 2020 report a target has been set to grow the output value of this sector by a further 20%. The report highlighted a need to improve competitiveness at farm level and in particular the need for the improve the level of adoption of new technology. Furthermore, the report highlighted the need for greater use of Discussion Groups and the Teagasc BETTER farms programme for sheep to facilitate the process of Technology Transfer and adoption.
The Teagasc BETTER farm Sheep programme was established in the autumn of 2008 with the objective of accelerating the transfer, demonstration and evaluation of technology. Currently, there are 6 Lowland flocks in counties Donegal, Roscommon, Offaly, Kilkenny, Wicklow, Wexford and Kerry and 3 Hill flocks in counties Donegal, Sligo and Mayo involved in the programme. These farms provide focal points to enable wider adoption of technology by both the Lowland and Hill sheep sectors. One of the key criteria used in selecting these farms was their attitude tow...
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...ussion Groups and the BETTER farms in their respective area By facilitating this process it would enable farmers to engage key issues influencing production and profitability of their own sheep enterprise. By implementing technology on “real” farms that would be used by “real” farmers where any potential side effects have commercial implications, would provide a convincing demonstration of how productivity, efficiency and profitability of sheep production could be improved by adopting the relevant technology. In addition it was also envisaged that the 2-way communication with these farms would form an invaluable feedback loop to the Teagasc Research Programmes. Furthermore, some of the findings identified on these farms and issues raised though interaction with farming groups would identify gaps in the existing knowledge base that necessitated further research.
CAFO’s are beneficial in that they can provide a low-cost source of meat, milk and eggs due to efficient feeding and hosing methods of the animals, as well as boost the local economy by providing jobs. Unfortunately the negatives of CAFO’s outweigh the benefits immensely.
Most issues on a farm return to the issue of keeping up appearances. (Smiley p.199)
Those with sheep as their spirit animal usually are innocent, in a sense that they are child-like, or gentle. Another possible trait is that they match and accept the norm of society. If it is a negative connotation behind it, sheep can mean that you view yourself as weak, and that your vulnerability could eventually render you powerless to the world. Positively speaking, sheep represent self-limitations, and that you not only understand your limits, but you respect them and know not to push yourself too far. The sheep totem commonly means that a part of you stays within the boundaries of society, family values or both (Sheep Spirit Animal). Overall, sheep as spirit animals tend to lead people to being more gentle and more soft with themselves, others, and the world around
Effective management and optimization of the feeding process is critical as that effects not only profitability but also has an impact on improved pasture utilization and effective use of supplements. Therefore, beyond established farm feeding methods, there is a need for decision support tools to support farmers to take strategic feeding decisions.
as pastoral farmers are faced with declining amounts of land and water for their cattle,
With the rapid growth of our global population pouring into the next millennium, we will witness an ever-growing hunger rate around the world. That is unless we call for a revolution on the global scale. The Green Revolution which already sprouted in the early part of the century only need to add a bit more momentum and we will see a bright future for the human race, a future without hunger and starvation ¡V hopefully.It is becoming increasingly difficult for the planet to support its overwhelming population. And since the amount of arable land available is becoming scarce, we must seek ways to dramatically improve crop yields of existing cropland.
The idea of the family farm has been destroyed by large food corporations. As discussed in class, industrial farming typically leads to the mass produ...
draw a picture of a sheep and then add to the picture some marking to indicate
The Cow and Calf division of the Animal Health segment markets its products direct to cattle ranchers. Such products include vaccines, medications, and antibiotics to support healthy and consistent herds of beef producing cattle. It segmented the market into three distinct categories. Hobbyists herd less than 100 cows; Traditionalists commonly carry between 100 to 499, and Businesses are working with 500 or more. (Mohr, 1999) Time spent in the field with the ranchers was allocated based on the volume of product purchased by each individual. Those that spent higher dollar amounts received the most attention (in the form of personal visits, seminar offerings, and trial product samples).
This leads to the ability to raise many more animals in one acre than by traditional farming, with farmers able to increase profit without acquiring more land. This practice, while at first is seemingly efficient, with less land used and less impact on the soil, is actually making environmental matters worse. These production facilities have grown at twice the rate of traditional farms, and with so many more animals per acre, have vastly increased the resources needed worldwide to continue the upkeep of these operations. This has led to even more environmental problems even though this type of farm was originally designed to reduce
The Animal welfare of feedlot cattle are main priority, feedlot cattle are require by legislation to have a minimum 9m2, however feedlot production generally provides 13- 15m 2 per cow for animal health benefit. This space allows cattle to maintain natural behaviour which is required by the RSPCA. Feedlot cattle are supervise on a daily basis, hospitalised if unwell, given specifically developed diets by nutritionists an protected from starvation, floods, fire and droughts. Also a veterinarian is employed to overview animal health and welfare. However, these actions to improve animal welfare feedlot cattle are susceptible to disease due to constant contact with faeces and other factors due to living condition. Infections and disease do occur and cattle are given antibiotics which mean feedlot cattle have antibiotics in the beef.
Cultivation of forage is not widely adopted and commercial feed production is not developed well. Searching for low cost alternative animal food resources is therefore, an important requirement. Food leftover, is one could be used as animal feed to reduce the production cost of commercial feed for animal fattening. Feeding food waste to livestock has been practiced throughout the world for a long time and is most common in urban farming (Frendberg, 2012). Feeding cafeteria leftover food could be an economic alternative to conventional feeding systems for fattening lambs (AMENE, 2013). Food leftovers are locally available mainly in universities and hotels. For example from Mekelle university student cafeteria around one tone food leftover is dumped daily which can be estimated annually to 2000
Agriculture has changed dramatically, especially since the end of World War II. Food and fibre productivity rose due to new technologies, mechanization, increased chemical use, specialization and government policies that favoured maximizing production. These changes allowed fewer farmers with reduced labour demands to produce the majority of the food and fibre.
As any other business, animal agriculture has profits and costs. The gradual growth of animal agriculture over time has led society into asking: how does the increase in animal agriculture affect economics?
(The Sustainability of Irish Agriculture, n.d.) Sustainability is very important on my home farm. Practices have been put in place that won’t cause harm to the environment. My home farm is a small, family enterprise and I feel that new approaches are needed in order to maintain the farms sustainability status. Non-renewable inputs that are harmful to the environment or to the health of farmers should be minimised. As well as this, farmers have knowledge and skills that could be put into use, therefore substituting human capital for costly external outputs. Sustainable agriculture outcomes can be positive for food productivity, reduced pesticide use and carbon balances. (Agricultural Sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence, 2007) In this essay, I will discuss the principles and practices of sustainable agriculture, identifying how they may relate to my home farm. I will then discuss whether or not present activities can change to more sustainable methods in the