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Hegel's three methods of history
What makes Hegel's essay phenomenology of spirit so confusing
What makes Hegel's essay phenomenology of spirit so confusing
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was born in August 27, 1770; Hegel had three siblings, his parents brought him into a family of Protestant Pietism. Hegel was very close to his sister, Christiane, she was mentally ill and Hegel was worried about her mental state so he made different forms of psychiatry to help her using dialectic. Hegel was a philosophy and theology student from1788–1793, as a student he made friends with other peers such as Friedrich Von Schelling and Friedrich Hegel; two famous German figures in the 19th century. They had a lot of influence on his development of becoming a philosopher a philosopher. After Hegel finished school he started private tutoring, Hölderlin, said that Hegel should look into the work of Immanuel Kant. Hegel studied a lot and read all the time about Roman and Greek philosophers while he tutored but his father forced him into being a tutor, but after father died in 1799 Hegel were free to do what he wanted. In 1801, Hegel went to the University of Jena, with Schelling. Hegel was a true follower of Schelling and closely worked with him when he went to the University of Jena. Schelling left Jena in 1803 and Hegel and Schelling’s friendship ended. Jena was occupied by Napoleon's troops and Hegel left the town. When Hegel had been in Nuremberg he got married to Marie von Tucher and had three children. Hegel wrote many pieces of work and became well known because of them. In 1818 Hegel took the chair of philosophy at the University of Berlin, this was one of the most powerful positions in German Philosophy. Until his death in 1831 Hegel enjoyed being a celebrity in Berlin. After Hegel died in 1831 most of his works and lectures were published. Hegel wanted his philosophy to be so comprehensive t... ... middle of paper ... ... Print.Ideas of the Great Philosophers by William S. Sahakian and Mabel Lewis Sahakian is a very helpful book about many philosophers and there ideas. The section Hegels Philosophy of Law, explains how Hegel believes in the three meanings of "Right";moral principle; law; or civil right. The section also goes off and explains his philosophy's on the state an organism, the constitution, the monarch, war, and international relations. Sharlow, Mark F. "Metaphysical Idealism." Internet Service Provider Broadband DSL Dial Access Hosting. Mark F. Sharlow, 2002. Web. 04 Jan. 2012. .This website explains Idealism and explains other philosophical systems to show what idealism is. This is a very useful source when figuring out what idealism is and isn't. it gives a clear understanding as to what the basic principles of idealism are.
Philosophers believe that Hegel’s historicism has inherent conflicts that surprisingly fall in same dialectic argument that Hegel promotes, which somehow nullifies his philosophy. Originated and influenced by his Dialectic thought process of “thesis, antithesis, and synthesis”, Hegel believes that all societal and more importantly all human activities including culture, language, science, art, and even philosophy are defined by their past and the heart of these activities can be understood by studying their history. Hegel argues that the history of societal activity is a cumulative reaction to the events that has happened in the past. His famous “Philosophy is the history of philosophy" quote essentially summarizes his thoughts. Hegel believes history is a progressive and directional relation between human activities and society. He argues that in order to understand an individual, he must be studied in a society where in turn the same society can be understood by evaluating th...
Nietzsche's master-slave morality describes the way in which moral norms shifted through the through eras, from pre-scocratic times to the modern age founded upon Christian and Jewish beliefs. During pre-socratic times, value was dominated and enacted by the master class, who saw themselves and what they did as good. Value was defined along their terms of good- what was good for the master class was itself good. This notion of value was designed along the lines of nobility and purity, which included traits such as courage, beauty, strong-will and happiness. The master-class said yes to existence, and their values affirmed their belief system, which, due to their position of control, created their disposition as elite and influenced the norms for morality at their time. Since the master-class viewed themselves as good, they distinguished themselves from the weaker individuals, those not in power, as bad. The weaker individuals, in pre-socratic times known as plebeians, according to the master-class, were weaker for various reasons. Be it due to their unhappiness, victimization to unfortunate circumstances, weak-will or a lack of courage, pride, or a combination of any of these despicable or non virtuous values. According to the master-class, adherence to these weak values initiated a form of fear within the plebeian, which created a lack of self worth and a lack of freedom or self-consciousness, deemed as slavery.
Morgan, Michael L., ed. Classics of Moral and Political Theory. 3rd Edition. Indianapolis. Hackett, 2001.
In 1806, nearly two hundred years before Fukuyama’s audacious historical stance, George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel declared the end of history. Hegel bases his claim in that the Napoleonic Code, a preliminary, yet revolutionary replacement of previous feudal laws, was being promulgated and slowly implemented throughout Napoleon’s empire . Hegel believes, however, that the adoption of a particular code or set of standards for a civil society, like the Napoleonic Code or the Constitution of the United States, is stipulated on the rational evolution or progression of peoples towards the realization that they are free or equal. In short, a constitution that guarantees your freedom means nothing to those who do not possess the self-consciousness
Kung, Hans. The Incarnation of God: An Introduction to Hegel's Theological Thought As Prolegomena to a Future Christology. T&T Clark, 2001. hard cover.
A famed philosopher, Hegel, emphasizes that self-consciousness is attained by being recognized by another conscious being. When these two beings collide, one will be a Master and the other would be a Bondsman, after fighting in a life-or-death struggle to prove dominance over the other. This relationship is said to be fluid. This idea can be found in Ellison’s the invisible man where he gives the story of himself relating to the black experience in the 1950s. Most importantly, when he fought a white man in the alley, and with the Light & Power Company.
As presented in the Phenomenology of Spirit, the aim of Life is to free itself from confinement "in-itself" and to become "for-itself." Not only does Hegel place this unfolding of Life at the very beginning of the dialectical development of self-consciousness, but he characterizes self-consciousness itself as a form of Life and points to the advancement of self-consciousness in the Master/Slave dialectic as the development of Life becoming "for-itself." This paper seeks to delineate this often overlooked thread of dialectical insight as it unfolds in the Master/Slave dialectic. Hegel articulates a vision of the place of human self-consciousness in the process of Life as a whole and throws light on the role of death as an essential ingredient in the epic drama of life's struggle and Spirit's birth.
The second chapter of the Introduction to the Philosophy of History bears the title "Reason in History"; however, careful study reveals that it could just as aptly been dubbed Reason is History or better, History is Reason. Although Reason exists in a finite form within the human being, the whole—infinite Reason—is necessarily greater than the sum of its parts—the sum of finite Reasons. Hegel's Reason is the infinite material of all reality—the substance, form, and power.
We may think of chocolates as God's gift to humanity as they may soothes all our problems and suffering. But, have you ever wonder that these chocolates – sweet, good and pleasurable as it may, have dark sides?.
To begin with, idealism is the concept of acting according to what you percieve as
In his Phenomenology of Spirit, G.W.F. Hegel lays out a process by which one may come to know absolute truth. This process shows a gradual evolution from a state of "natural consciousness" (56) (1) to one of complete self-consciousness - which leads to an understanding of the "nature of absolute knowledge itself" (66). By understanding the relation between consciousness and truth, one may come to know the true nature of our existence. Hegel proposes to answer these questions in one bold stroke; he relates them in such a way as to make an infinitely complex and indiscernible universe a unitary whole. This process from a natural state to a kind of transcendence leads one from the chaos of the immediate to the sublimity of the universal.
Social scientists often reference Georg Hegel’s work in Phenomenology of Spirit, as he attempts to develop the notion of self and the limits of its autonomy in society. In it, he describes what is often termed the master-slave dialectic. The master-slave dialectic describes the internal, or if taken more literally, the external struggle of recognition between two figures, the master and the slave. Their relationship is at once both reflective and reflexive, as one begins to understand the other as the antithesis of his or herself, giving an identity not only to the other, but also to his or herself. This dialectic places the figures in conflict with one another, where the historically determined means for resolution is the social defeat of
Human beings have been struggling to learn the meaning of life since the first day. Ideologies are born as human’s interpretation of the world and belief system, also an endeavor to seek the truth of human nature. Ideologies emerge throughout the periods of great changes: the Enlightenment, the English “Glorious” Revolution, the American Revolution, etc. They have become the motivations, the standards, and the roots to modern political systems. Their roots are the philosophies developed by famous philosophers throughout the time. However, as each ideology is developed, its own contradiction also grows, takes place in the realm of actions. This, in turn, shows contradiction as human nature.
However, he did realize that no religion would be able to survive just based on the supposed experiences and ‘revelations’ of other people, which is what led him to understanding that it must be based on peoples understanding and personal interpretations of reality (Handout #1). Even though he did feel as though he was indebted to the Enlightenment, Hegel opposed many of its basic concepts even while protecting a lot of the developments that were brought by the Enlightenment (Handout #1). The views of religion that are offered by Hegel lean more positively to Christianity and religion in general since he does agree with the belief of God and he was Lutheran which is a sect of Christianity and also supports his acceptance of religion (Handout #1). He also frequently utilizes Christian terms in his writings, especially those of the Trinity which actually supports religion in general even though he thought that religion should be transformed into philosophy which proves that Hegel inspected and researched religion more as a philosophy which is more harmful to it since philosophies have never been proven. However, Hegel opposes a portion of orthodoxy because he believes that Evil was created by God and that humanity is nothing without the contrast between good and evil. Some of his views are also more harmful for Christianity because he
"Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy." Beauvoir, Simone de []. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2014. .