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quizlet water treatment
Water treatment process and significance
quizlet water treatment
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Water is essential for humans. Hence, it is used from agriculture to industrial products. However, due to the population increases, contamination of the water systems often occurred. Contaminated water as well as wastewater has been affected in quality that is used for washing and toilet wastes. Therefore, in order to prevent the pollution problems in receiving waters, the treatment of water is proposed. As mentioned by Omran (2011), there are six steps in water treatment process includes preliminary treatment, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and addition of chemicals to clear water tank (exemplified in Figure 1).
Before undergoing the process of water treatment, the raw water is allowed to flow in preliminary treatment which begins with firstly, screening process. In this process, large floating materials like leaves, sticks and fish is removed to avoid the damage of plant equipment (Omran, 2011).
Secondly, the water passes through the process of aeration where the process of bringing water and air into close contact by introducing bubbles of air and letting them rise through the water (Omran, 2011). According to Omran (2011), this process is used to remove the trapped gas like hydrogen sulfide in water that can produces nasty water instead of working well in pH less than 6.5. Studied conducted by Olumuyiwa, Fred and George (2012) found that carbon dioxides that contain in water is reduced instead of decreases the solubulization of water through aeration process. This cause corrosion and leaching of plumbing materials into water.
Subsequently, after undergoes the screening, aeration and other pretreatment process, the next process which is the third is known as coagulation and flocculatio...
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...residual, and it does not cause taste or odor problems (Water supply system, 2013).
The final step of the water treatment system is pH adjustment before supplying the water to the customer. Many treatment processes such as disinfection and coagulation are pH dependent. Basically, pH is an indicator of the acid or alkaline condition of water. The pH scale ranges from 0-14; 7 indicates the neutral point. The normal pH range of drinking water is 6 - 8.5. Soda ash (sodium carbonate) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added into the water system to raise or lower the pH of water to near neutral point, at the same time reduces the soda taste and increase the effectiveness of chlorination. This method also decreases the potential of pipe corrosion as water with a pH above 9 can corrode metals such as brass, copper, zinc, aluminum and iron (Adam, Wang, Loftin & Meyer, 2002).
This water we use is then dirtied and sometimes ends up toxic which can cause a bad
Aeration: Water is mixed with an ample amount of oxygen to activate sludge and separate water further allowing it to be directly distributed back into water reservoirs.
The modern water facilities provide a convenient way to get water, people using tap water every day, but really few people took tap water’s safety seriously. Group of people believes tap water is safe and able to drink directly. Most of the watering company claims that their water is safe to drink, the government also highly attended the water quality in the cities, so they think there is nothing should be worrying about. However, some people claim that tap water might be polluted, tap water should be reprocessed before drink. The quality of tap water is uneven around the world, using contaminated tap water would cause illness and diseases.
Three Medical Doctors wrote the book, The Water We Drink: Water Quality and Its Effects on Health. Their names are Joshua I. Barzilay, M.D., Winkler G. Weinberg, M.D., and J. William Eley, M.D. In order to put the issue of drinking water quality and its effects on health into perspective, the book is divided into three parts. It first reviews the history of water, disease, and sanitation. The next section deals with health issues. At the conclusion of the book are chapters regarding bottled water and methods of purification. The intent of the book is to educate consumers.
Water pollution is always one of the major concerns for environmental engineering. Toxic water sources can be a critical problem, it will endanger some species or even the whole eco-system. Also, it might cause various problem of human's health. Water pollution can be caused by different reasons such as acid rain, runoff of fertilizer, industrial wastes etc. Treatment of water is necessary to prevent such pollutants. Engineers have several ways to measure the quality of water
Many people do not pay much attention or care about what condition their water is in. According to www.cleanwater.com, when water comes in contact with the air, it absorbs carbon dioxide, making it more acidic. Therefore, unfiltered water can be very dangerous. Your body's acidity becomes higher due to the amount of unfiltered water you drink. This can lead to rapid breathing, fatigue, headache, lack of appetite, increased heart rate, and even confusion.
The bacteria and wastewater is mixed in an aeration tank and therefore the contaminants are removed by action of sorption and series of breakdown by the bacteria.
Ultrafiltration is a water purification process that can be used for the removal of particulates and macromolecules from raw water to produce potable and drinking water. They have been used to either replace existing secondary (coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation) and tertiary filtration (sand filtration and chlorination) systems employed in water treatment plants. When treating water with high suspended solids, UF is often integrated into the process, utilizing primary (screening, flocculation and filtration) and some secondary treatments as pre-treatment stages. Ultrafiltration processes are currently preferred over traditional treatment methods for the following reasons:
Discuss in detail about the mechanism of each treatment unit in treating the waste water. (Note: which impurities are treated and how they are treated)
Purified water should be prepared using potable water as feed water. Purified water is used as excipients in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and for equipment cleaning, especially product contact surfaces of non-sterile chemicals. Types of purification used to produce this water include Deionisation, Distillation, Ion Exchange, Reverse Osmosis and Filtration. Purified water must meet ionic organic chemical and microbial requirements. The components that produce, store and circulate purified water must be sanitised and monitored frequently to avoid bio films forming.
The pH level was measured from all 10 tubes before the catalase solution was added to the tubes. When the catalase solution gets added to the tubes, the outcome of this solution is that bubbles are seen during this process. The bubbles are considered the oxygen production of the catalase solution. The bubbles were scaled depending on how strong the bubbles were seen. The tubes that had an oxygen production of 5 were numbered 5 through 10. Tubes 1 and 4 had no bubbles. The oxygen production of tubes 2 and 3 had a number of 1. The enzyme activity was compared to the pH level of tubes 4 through 8 to determine the activity bases on the liquids these tubes have (fig
60% of our body is made out of liquid and water is one of the most common liquids we know. We need water as humans but what if the water was contaminated and unclean, we would have a lot of diseases that would spread and cause death everywhere and so NASA created a water purification device and its job is basically the process to purify water. One of the main reasons NASA did this is because of their space programs. We could bring as much water out of our atmosphere but it’s not going to last for long because the water will get dirty and unsafe to drink. Water is used for a lot of things and the water cycle does not exist in outer space, so water purification is water cycle, but in a machine. The machine purifies polluted water or any contaminated water.
The more processes done to purify the water the better the water quality for example beaker 5
Phase one in process of waste water treatment begins in the home, local businesses and community. Waste water from these buildings and surrounding areas travel through a pipe, or sewer which is sloped downward, and with the assistance of gravity, travels toward the waste water treatment plant. However, in larger communities or communities with unevenly leveled terrain, waste water cannot keep getting deeper to rely on gravity to transport the waste water and must pumped up by the assistance of a lift station so it may continue to travel to the water treatment plant. Once the waste water arrives at the waste water treatment plant, the first step is the removal of large debris such as diapers, underwear or other non-biological...
Water plays such an important role in our daily lives. 70% of our body is composed of water. 70% of the earth surface is also made up of water, but out of the 70%, only 1/3 of water is consumable. In fact, this amount has been continuously to decrease as more and more industries began to pollute and damage the water. For example, many toxic chemicals may be released into the water thus making the water impure. Such pollutions and damages lead the water to be contaminated and inconsumable as it may cause severe diseases. Water purification can remove all the unnecessary bacteria and viruses from the water that is hazardous for our health. Water purification may also improve the flavor and appearance of water. It removes the unpleasant odor. Therefore, water purification became one of the most useful and popular process used by people all over the world today. It is by far the most recommended and safest water treatment that is commonly used to purify damaged water into consumable water. Water purification provides us with safe, pure and clean water to consume and use.