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Recommended: Anorexia nervosa
The patient, “Brandy” is a 19 year old Caucasian female who has witnessed the struggles of being overweight while growing up with an overweight mother and a judgmentally harsh father. The patient also mentioned that, when younger, her father made her feel uncomfortable by making sexual innuendos and scolding both the mother and herself about their weight. Brandy is five feet, five inches tall and weighs approximately 116 pounds. She constantly thinks she is fat and that other people secretly do as well. She cannot stand the way she looks and is now starting to isolate herself from family and friends. Brandy has developed a routine of purging or vomiting after eating any food she thinks will make her gain weight or “fat”. The patient also has feelings of hopelessness and …show more content…
According to the American Psychological Association (APA), “Tailored cognitive behavioral therapy and, to some extent, interpersonal psychotherapy can help people stop bingeing and purging, accept their appearance, and develop healthier ways of coping with stressful situations” (Promising, 2002). Brandy would need to go see a therapist and a nutritionist. She would need to work with them in becoming aware of just how bad this disorder can be and the damage it already has done to her body; damage such as her dental and menstruation problems. This therapy would help Brandy with keeping her emotions and urges to purge under control. This treatment plan will also help her get back on track with her weight by helping her begin to eat normally. Lastly, this therapy will help Brandy overcome her feelings that everyone is looking at her with disgust and her feelings of being fat. Treatment for Brandy’s depression could be treated antidepressants if she chooses. Brandy could also treat her depression with other non-pharmaceutical treatments as well such as exercising, taking on a new project, eating healthier, and sleeping
An average client that attends this facility is someone suffering with an eating disorder. An average client might be someone who is having trouble having a healthy relationship with food and needs others to intervene. An average client that is attending the Laureate Eating Disorders Program, may have one or more of these common eating disorders: anorexia, bulimia, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, and binge eating disorder. The Laureate Eating Disorders Program offers inpatient, outpatient, intensive outpatient, partial hospitalization, and residential treatment to adolescents and adults. The facility not only addresses the fact that the client has an eating disorder, but goes deeper to try to help the client understand why.
Although Brandy does not go on direct binges, she does pig out on candy and related junk food occasionally. Second, she tries to eat healthy and has defaulted to purging in order to stay skinny. Therefore, Brandy meets the second condition on the DSM-5 checklist for bulimia nervosa: “inappropriate behavior in order to prevent weight gain” (Comer, 2013, p.320). Nonetheless, instead of her symptoms lasting longer than a week, the side-effects of her condition continue endlessly. Lastly, all the signs and symptoms negatively impact Brandy’s self-esteem and self-concept. One could say the entire problem has an “undue influence of weight or shape on self-evaluation” (Comer, 2013, p.320). For example, Brandy believes no one wants to be around her because they are disgusted by her weight and overall appearance. Therefore, she shuts herself off from her friends and society. When individuals start paying too much attention, she begins to feel nervous and
Patient’s name is Molly Greenwell. She is a single non-Hispanic Caucasian Female. Molly is eighteen year old, with family background orientation of Italian culture. Molly does not work but she feels like she has enough stress surrounded around being a senior with a 4.0 GPA in an all-girls catholic school. She considers herself a shadow on the high school monarchy. This being said she feels like whatever she does, her parents are never happy enough. Having attended Italian school every Saturday, church and religion class every Sunday in the Roman Catholic Church; she feels like she has no friends. The one pleasure she does for herself is participate in a track team. Molly has two older brothers that tell her she is a piece of shit every day and she looks fat. Molly’s parents saying nothing has led to Molly feeling isolated in the family. Molly also has no mental health or dietary issues in her family history.
This interview should consist of open-ended questions to make Sara feel she is able to express herself in a manner she sees fit. To help a client, a clinician needs to be able to create rapport with a patient and creating an open conversation for Sara to express herself will help her let go of the refrigerator and have someone to confide in. As well this interview should include questions about how Sara feels about herself personally, how she feels about her body image, experiences or trauma she may have had pertaining to her body image and size, and her perceptions on the importance of being “skinny”. This interview will be the last factor determining whether Sara has Bulimia Nervosa. Bulimia Nervosa is linked to psychosis so more questions would need to be asked to see if Sara feels as if she is mentally flawed and she blames others for her flaws (Miotto et al., 2010). A test of Sara’s DNA would also be helpful in this case. Sara states that she was always large, in a taller sense, but given her obsession with bingeing and purging and possible weight size that has not been revealed, a simple thyroid test could determine whether issues with weight are possibly thyroidal and/or from bad lifestyle habits such as overeating. Current research has been done on the link between genetics and Bulimia Nervosa. Lewin and Carter (2014), state that neurotrophic factors are a group of proteins that supplement the growth and
Anorexia Nervosa may be described directly as an eating disease classified by a deficit in weight, not being able to maintain weight appropriate for one’s height. Anorexia means loss of appetite while Anorexia Nervosa means a lack of appetite from nervous causes. Before the 1970s, most people never heard of Anorexia Nervosa. It was identified and named in the 1870s, before then people lived with this mental illness, not knowing what it was, or that they were even sick. It is a mental disorder, which distorts an individual’s perception of how they look. Looking in the mirror, they may see someone overweight
Eating disorders can be viewed as multi-determined disorders because there are many different factors that can play into a person developing an eating disorder. Each case is different and to get a clear picture of the disorder it must be looked at from numerous angles because often times it is a combination of different issues that contribute to someone developing an eating disorder.
Each year millions of people in the United States develop serious and often fatal eating disorders. More than ninety percent of those are adolescent and young women. The consequences of eating disorders are often severe--one in ten end in death from either starvation, cardiac arrest, or suicide. Due to the recent awareness of this topic, much time and money has been attributed to eating disorders. Many measures have been taken to discover leading causes and eventual treatment for those suffering from anorexia. (http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource ...er.html#Causes of Eating Disorders) )
There is now compelling evidence from double-blind, placebo-controlled studies that antidepressant medication is useful in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. What is less clear is which patients are most likely to benefit from antidepressant medications and how to best sequence the various therapeutic interventions available. The utility of antidepressant medications in bulimia nervosa has led to their evaluation in binge eating disorder. The limited information currently available suggests that antidepressant treatment may be associated with a reduction in binge frequency in obese patients with binge eating disorder, but does not lead to weight reduction.
Out of all mental illnesses found throughout the world, eating disorders have the highest mortality rate. Anorexia nervosa is one of the more common eating disorders found in society, along with bulimia nervosa. Despite having many definitions, anorexia nervosa is simply defined as the refusal to maintain a normal body weight (Michel, 2003). Anorexia nervosa is derived from two Latin words meaning “nervous inability to eat” (Frey, 2002). Although anorexics, those suffering from anorexia, have this “nervous inability to eat,” it does not mean that they do not have an appetite—anorexics literally starve themselves. They feel that they cannot trust or believe their perceptions of hunger and satiation (Abraham, 2008). Anorexics lose at least 15 percent of normal weight for height (Michel, 2003). This amount of weight loss is significant enough to cause malnutrition with impairment of normal bodily functions and rational thinking (Lucas, 2004). Anorexics have an unrealistic view of their bodies—they believe that they are overweight, even if the mirror and friends or family say otherwise. They often weigh themselves because they possess an irrational fear of gaining weight or becoming obese (Abraham, 2008). Many anorexics derive their own self-esteem and self-worth from body weight, size, and shape (“Body Image and Disordered Eating,” 2000). Obsession with becoming increasingly thinner and limiting food intake compromises the health of individuals suffering from anorexia. No matter the amount of weight they lose or how much their health is in jeopardy, anorexics will never be satisfied with their body and will continue to lose more weight.
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder with the highest mortality rate of any other mental disorder. The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders characterizes the disorder as “a relentless pursuit of thinness and unwillingness to maintain a normal or healthy body weight”. (2014) Individuals also experience a “distortion of body image, intense fear of gaining weight and extremely disturbed eating behavior.” (National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Related Disorders, 2014) As a result, they experience complications physically, mentally and socially. About 80% of individuals with eating disorders suffer from cardiac complications with death due to arrhythmias being the most common cause. This paper will focus on the connection between AN and cardiovascular rhythm disturbances. Individuals with this disorder have an increased chance of sudden death due to cardiovascular abnormalities like bradycardia, myocardial modification including atrophy and refeeding syndrome. (Casiero & Frishman, 2006)
I didn’t think there was anything wrong with it because it was on TV.” Said a woman featured in the documentary, “Dying To Be Thin,” as she speaks of the beginning of her struggle with a binge eating disorder. According to the National Eating Disorder Association, a binge eating disorder is defined as: “recurrent episodes of eating large quantities of food (often very quickly and to the point of discomfort).” Women and men with binge eating disorders often times do not stick out as much as those with an eating disorder such as Anorexia, because most often they sit at a healthy weight. The people with this specific eating disorder continuously find themselves eating to the point of sickness and following with a purge, or making themselves throw up. “One thing that really stuck out to me in the documentary,” said Davis, “is, I didn’t realize that the brain becomes so affected by binge eating that your body eventually adjusts to where they can’t really feel full.” Biologically, the body, in the case of a binge eating disorder, confuses the hypothalamus, which is the part of the brain that controls hunger and appetite; by misunderstanding when exactly the subject is “full,” they tend to eat more than the appropriate amount. On another hand, people with a Binge eating disorder have been found to have low levels of serotonin, making them more prone to depression, but as they binge it has been proven to increase those
Psychotherapy or psychological counseling is an integral part of comprehensive eating disorder treatments. With a trained counselor, the patient can develop ways to cope with the issues that led to the disorder. This is especially important in anorexia nervosa treatments because of the overwhelming fear of becoming overweight. Hopefully a psychotherapist can get to the root of these fears and develop effective measures to take for recovery. Anorexia is considered to be a lifelong illness, and counseling may continue indefinitely. There are no medicines for anorexia, but antidepressants are often prescribed in conjunction with other treatments.
Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa are described as psychological eating disorders (Keel and Levitt, 1). They are both characterized by an over evaluation of weight. Despite being primarily eating disorders, the manifestations of bulimia and anorexia are different. They both present a very conspicuous example of dangerous psychological disorders, as according to the South Carolina Department of Health, “Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness” (Eating Order Statistics, 1). While Bulimia and anorexia both psychological disorders primarily prevalent in women, anorexia tend to have different diagnostic complexities, symptoms and physiological effects as compared to bulimia.
As is common with other eating disorders, binge eating can be treated with talking therapy and nutritional counselling. Talking therapy addresses dysfunctional behaviours and thoughts involved in the disorder, while nutritional counselling focuses on building strong healthy eating
She must shift her focus from just losing weight to acquiring and maintaining a balanced weight via healthy eating habits and exercise. She must aspire to improve her quality of life through a healthy lifestyle. She tried fad or trendy/popular diets but they may not have been suitable for her. I would have her watch the “How to Lose Weight: The Real Math behind Weight Loss” YouTube video. Fad diets almost assuredly cause rapid weight loss and rapid weight gain or regain. Rather than just losing weight through a quick fix, I would explain that effective weight loss operates on a steady curve that takes place gradually. Most importantly, she must understand the effect that her weight or overweight has on her overall health in terms of hypertension and future ailments. The weight gain battle is also causing emotional stress that has a physical toll on the body. Susie must strive for her ideal weight, not just what looks good, but what is healthy for her