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Gcse analysis of netball
Gender issues in sports
Inequality between male and females in sports
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Lorber notes, “images of modern women athletes tend to focus on feminine beauty and grace (so they are not really athletes) or on their thin, small wiry androgynous bodies (so they are not really women)’ (1992:43), while images of male athletes tend to focus on strength and power (Tagg 2008: 410). Connell (2002) suggests that “people typically take gender for granted in everyday life and assume that gender differences and gender relations are natural (as cited by Tagg 2008:410)”. Research into gender inequalities in sport is sparse, and those studies that do exist have come predominantly from male-focused studies, only two studies exist on male participation in netball and just one on mixed netball. Netball has traditionally been played by …show more content…
For this ethnography, I am particularly interested in two broad questions 1. What are the gendered characteristics of mixed netball? 2. What is the culture of mixed netball?
In my observations/interviews I found that neither the females nor males expressed any barriers to participation in mixed netball. Tagg (2008) suggests that in recent years male participation in netball has become more widely accepted, despite the games long history of being a female dominated sport. When asked what his opinion was of men playing mixed netball, Andrew said
It’s a bit of fun. I like it. My girlfriend plays too, she has played for years...she is a much better player than me. I have sisters, they play too, not on my team, but you know, when they were kids. My mum was involved in their team. I wasn’t interested back then, I played rugby....Dad came along to
…show more content…
Cath’s response is interesting as it highlights anti-social behaviours amongst female players at school competition level. She also says she feels “more self conscious” playing with men, even though Andrew says that the girls are more skilled at the game. When asked about what their mates think about men playing netball Andrew said
(laughs)..My mates play on the team too. The guys play hard... Like throwing the ball hard to the other blokes. Putting the elbow in, pushing...The girls have more experience...they know the
This competition will encourage females to love and be involved in the sport just as much as the boys are. Collingwood’s operation manager, Meg Hutchins said “We want to help develop women coaches and help then reach their potential.”
It goes without saying that a person's gender, racial and social origins influence their participation in sports. Particular races and genders often dominate certain sports. African Americans, for example, tend to dominate football and basketball, while Caucasians tend to dominate ice hockey. The same holds true for gender as well. Football is an entirely male dominated sport, while horseback riding, gymnastics and figure skating are much more female oriented. How and why did these divisions come about? Determining the origin of gender goes beyond the scope of this paper, however one can speculate about how gender classifications and stereotypes affect one's role in the sports arena.
Ever since sports has been introduced into our society it has always been gender specific. Today, sports are still gender specific but not as much as before due to the change in social norms. Many people enjoy playing sports. For some it may be the competition, for others it may be for the love of the game. It has been difficult for individuals who enter non-traditional sports for their gender. Women have especially struggled with this matter until the Title 9 was issued. Before Title 9, many women were not allowed to participate in track and other sports that were not considered feminine. During the Victorian Times, women were only allowed to play sports that didn't make them look sweaty, tired or just messy. They had to stick to the norm of being conservative and looking proper. Can you imagine, they had to even wear skirts for baseball and other sports? How can you be comfortable and play well in that kind of an outfit? When it came to tennis, they had to look graceful like a ballerina. The main concern in playing a sport is enjoying it and playing it well. It never had to do anything with being part of a beauty contest. Women were given limitations into what sports they could participate in. However, realistically women were just as good as their counterpart when it came to playing sports in which they were not allowed to play.
... women, but especially athletic women, and is socially constructed to dictate women’s appearance, demeanor and values (Krane et al, 2004).” Females, for example, are expected to look and behave in a feminine way in order to satisfy heteronormative practices such as marriage. However, to participate in a sport, a traditionally male dominated realm, female athletes must acquire more traditionally masculine characteristics like strength, aggression, competitiveness, and assertiveness; characteristics that betray hegemonic gender and societal norms. Issues pertaining to feminine behavior and appropriate gender roles continue to be the root cause of discrimination not only in sport, but also in modern society as “sport is a sub culture within a larger society, therefore nothing typically occurs in sport that does not occur in the larger culture (Vodden & Schell, 2010).”
When individuals, male or female, decide to enter a non-traditional sport for his/ her gender, there will inevitably be benefits and costs. Because sports themselves are divided along gender and race lines, one would expect that individuals who intend to play a sport deemed by culture and by society as counterintuitive are bound to be criticized and alienated because of their choices. Difference automatically threatens conventions, traditions, and expectations, and hence, it threatens the individuals who belong to that traditional sphere. Because sports are affected as much by funding as they are by issues of diversity and accessibility, the following questions address those issues: which group of people have access to what sports (the type of resources a school has determines the number of athletic opportunities and leagues that are available), what racial groups are represented more in which sports (African Americans are over represented in basketball but they are under represented in iced hockey, whites are over represented in winter sports but they are underrepresented in football), and how do those two questions overall affect a society and culture's response to "deviations?"
Another example that demonstrates transgender discrimination within sports would be the New Zealand sport Netball, which is equivalent to basketball. Originally, only played by women but eventually expanding to men. In the 70s, many transgender athletes
Within todays sporting community, certain aspects of sport and its practices promote and construct ideas that sport in general is a male dominated. Sports media often provides an unequal representation of genders. Women athletes are regularly perceived as mediocre in comparison to their male equivalents (Lenskyj, 1998). Achievement in sport is generally established through displays of strength, speed and endurance, men usually set the standards in these areas, consequently woman rarely reach the level set by top male athletes. Due to this, the media significantly shows bias towards male sports while we are ill-informed about the achievements in the female sporting community. On the occasion that a female athlete does make some form of an appearance in the media, images and videos used will usually portray the female in sexually objectified ways (Daniels & Wartena, 2011). This depiction of female athletes can cause males to take focus solely on the sexual assets of the athlete in preference to to their sporting abilities (Daniels & Wartena, 2011). Sexualisation of sportswoman in the media is a prevalent issue in today’s society, it can cause physical, social and mental problems among women of all ages (Lenskyj, 1998).
a player to win a toss up she will have a better reaction time than
The first perspective is that women are disadvantaged at any sport. Some people reiterate the difference of men and women in sports. This is influenced by strength and the natural power men hold, comparable to women. Rodriguez questions “Is this because female athletes don’t have what it takes to make it in the world of sports or could it be more of a social issue?” This perspective seems to be a social issue based on the notable skills women acquire vs. the apparent judgments of gender issues. The second perspective is the idea that women deserve and inherently earn their right of equal attention and equal pay. “Sometimes, the secret to equality is not positive discrimination, it 's equal terms. It 's the shrug of the shoulders that says "what 's the difference?" The moment worth aspiring for is not seeing people celebrate the world-class female cricketer who competes at comparatively low-level male professional cricket, but the day when people are aware that she does, and don 't find it notable at all” (Lawson). Lawson makes it a point to confirm the biased notions against women in sports and relay an alternative worth working toward and fighting for. Both outlooks can be biased but only one has factual evidence to back it up. The second perspective reviews an ongoing gender issue. This problem is welcome for change depending on society’s
On a more personal level, it has been my observation that up until the junior high level both boys and girls are actively engaged in sports, but once the boys start to get bigger, the adults in the society become apprehensive about allowing mixed gender play. I feel as though society has a tough time embracing the possibility that women might get hurt if they play sports. It is at this point in a student's career that a great division occurs, all of a sudden innocent games become strictly regulated and boys and girls are separated.
Wallace, Robert. “Should Girls Play on Boys’ teams?” Creators.com A Syndicate Of Talent. N.P. 2011. Web. 8 Dec. 2013.
Back in the history of soccer, women participated in the "mob" games which were often played by a large number of people around neighboring villages. "When I started refereeing, girls teams were only 25% of the sport while now approximately half the players
Gender in sports has been a controversial issue ever since sports were invented. In the early years, sports were played only by the men, and the women were to sit on the sidelines and watch. This was another area of life exemplifying the sexism of people in which women were not allowed to do something that men could. However, over the last century in particular, things have begun to change.
Usually girls are not taken serious when playing and people sometimes doubt them very much. Most sports are offered for women too, here at Umatilla High School they offer women’s soccer, women’s basketball, and many other sports there's no need to have it be coed. The males do train differently than the females do as I seen while playing soccer. The boys always seem to be running and conditioning throughout the whole season, while we did condition but nothing intense after the first two weeks, more drills were brought in instead of
Whether its baseball, basketball, soccer, hockey, or tennis, sports is seen all over the world as a representation of one’s pride for their city, country, and even continent. Sports is something that is valued world-wide which has the ability to bring communities together and create different meanings, beliefs and practices between individuals. Although many people may perceive sports to have a significant meaning within our lives, it can also have the ability to separate people through gender inequalities which can also be represented negatively throughout the media. This essay will attempt to prove how gender is constructed in the sports culture while focusing on female athletes and their acceptance in today’s society.