Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
abstract of wireless sensor network
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: abstract of wireless sensor network
A sensor node is also known as a mote (mostly in North America). This sensor node in a wireless sensor network is capable of performing some processing, gathering of sensory information and communicating with other connected nodes in the network. It must be clearly understood that a mote is a node but a node is not always a mote. Although wireless sensor nodes have existed for decades and used for applications as diverse as earthquake measurements to even warfare, the latest development of small sensor nodes dates back to the 1998 Smartdust project[1] and the NASA Sensor Webs Project[1]. One of the objectives of the Smart dust project was to create autonomous sensing and communication within a cubic millimeter of space. Though this project …show more content…
The main components of a sensor are radio transceiver or optical as the communication unit, sensor as the sensing unit, a micro-controller for the processing unit and battery or solsr cells as the power unit. Several sensors may be present in the hardware device in the sensing unit. This device produces measurable response to change which acts as an Interface between motes to the environment. Theses measurable changes are sound, motion, vibration, temperature, pollutants or the pressures in environmental conditions. There are mainly two kinds of sensor used in the network. First, is the normal sensor node deployed to accuraately sense the phenomena. The second is a gateway node that interfaces sensor network to the external world so that the sensed data could reach the user. Hence the whole mechanism of wireless sensor networks works on this principle. Many types of sensor exist now-a-days such as magnetometer, accelerometer, light and others but the types of sensor being used in a sensor node will depend on the application for which it is being deployed. The processing unit in the sensor architecture is responsible for the collecting and processing of the captured signal from the sensor unit. These signals are then transmitted to the network. It determines both energy consumption as well as computational capabilities of the sensor node. The power unit consisting of battery whose main function is …show more content…
It is basically interested in receiving the data from other sensor nodes. It can be either part of the wireless sensor network or an external device such as a laptop or PDA. In general there is one base station, but depending on the application multiple base stations are possible in a network. Sensory information is communicated to the Base Station through Wireless hop by hop transmissions. Interaction patterns between the source and the sink includes the following:
Event Detection: If a certain event occurs, the sensor nodes report the measurement of this event to the interested sinks. This is known as Event detection in WSN.
Periodic measurement: Periodically reporting of events to interested sinks is necessary to get the latest data about the event. Tracking: This feature of the wireless sensor network reports the position of an observed intruder in the network.
As it can be gathered that most of the data in the sensor network will be directed toward the sink and this data conveyed will pass through many intermediate nodes before reaching the sink which is interested in the data.
Communicating data directly from the node to the sink will be very energy expensive, and also very expensive so multi hop communication is preferred in wireless sensor network.
Fig1.3: Basic example of a path from node to sink in
...a flood of packets. Therefore, the victim node or sometimes the whole network can get easily paralyzed [24].
The networks are split into two groups. There is a Production network and a Development network. Each of these networks resides on their own separate sub network. The reason for splitting the networks into two is to prevent network overload and slowdowns that would otherwise affect other departments within MKS such as Customer Service or Accounting. The production network involves non-development tasks such as the customer service database, email, the order entry and accounting systems. The development network involves all areas relating to product development. This network covers the server that stores base code, the development system, development tools, software libraries and software builds.
Laid out in a line – Has a single cable connecting all of nodes. If one node breaks down the whole network breaks down
Large amounts of data streams are generated in resource-constrained environments. Sensor networks represent a typical example. These devices have short life batteries. The design of techniques that are energy efficient is a crucial issue given that sending all the generated stream to a central site is energy inefficient in addition to its lack of scalability problem.
The rapid progress of embedded MEMS (micro-sensing technologies) and wireless communication has made wireless sensor networks possible. Such an environment may have many wireless nodes which are inexpensive; each node is capable of collecting, storing and processing environmental data, and communicating with neighboring nodes. These sensors are connected with wires in the past but tod...
U. Olgun et. al. “Efficient aembient WiFie energy harvesting technology and its applications”, IEEE, Volume:10, 2012.
Star topology networks require more cabling than bus, but the tradeoff comes in the form of a more solid network topology. A break in the network media will only affect a single node, since every node has a dedicated connection to the central device; a hub or switch. This also makes the central device a Single Point of Failure (SPOF). Redundant or failover switches are often used to eliminate the SPOF in a star LAN.
Sensor-based networks basically are characterized by their continuous mode of operation and power sources, which increases the fault rates in sensors, knowing that maintenance or replacement of sensors is considered expensive.
Considering the factors such as fault tolerance, flexibility, high sensitivity and low cost of sensor networks have a exciting prospect in the present and future days in various departments with various applications and uses of its kind. There are still many more improvements to be done for the current network sensors, and many of them are currently under research and will be out soon with the best possible solutions to tackle all the possible constraints and work optimally.
We consider a wireless sensor network with N = 100 nodes distributed randomly in 100m X 100m field. A gateway node is deployed in the centre of the sensing field. The BS is located far away from the sensing field. Both gateway node and BS are stationary after deployment. We consider packet size of 4000 bits. We compare our protocol with LEACH protocol. To assess performance of our protocol with LEACH, we ignore the effects caused by signal collision and interference in the wireless channel. Table 1 shows the radio parameters used in our
The key management problem is an bigger issue in sensor field. Each and every sensor nodes are needed to transmit the node, then only the data’s are reached to base station, so each and every sensor node within a group need an keys to transmit the data. While attacker entered and also get the full access of sensor node, and ready to hack data, but they need to wait. Because the node are none of the keys at the time, transmitting time only the nodes get access of keys from the cluster head. A cluster having a variety of group in the network and each and every groups are specified using their names. All of the groups are having the number of nodes to transmit the information over the network.
Hollows, P 2002, 'Essentials of a smooth-running network', Communications News, vol. 39, no. 7, p. 16.
Embedded computers typically have tight constraints on both functionality and implementation. In particular, they must guarantee real time operation reactive to external events, conform to size and weight limits, budget power and cooling consumption, satisfy safety and reliability requirements, and meet tight cost targets
The term Topology refers to the physical or logical shape or layout of a network. Communication between different nodes within a network is determined by its topology. Mesh, Bus, Ring and Star are four of the most common network topologies, each with advantages and disadvantages in relation to each other.
De Poorter, E., Troubleyn, E., Moerman, I., & Demeester, P. (2011). IDRA: A flexible system architecture for next generation wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 17(6), 1423-1440. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-011-0356-5