Why Did Italy Change from a Fascist Government to a New Government

Italian Fascism became an extremely important phenomenon under the reign of Benito Mussolini during the Second World War. With a run of 22 years, Fascism and its creator became the focal point of Europe during this time. Many Italian citizens, as well as critics believed that Fascism could be a third option, or the in between of Capitalism and Communism, two ideals that Mussolini refused to accept. With the Allies landing on the shores of Italy in their advance to Fascist capital, Mussolini fought for his ideals while the Allies aimed to liberate the country and the citizens who did not follow Mussolini’s government. Why did Italy change from a fascist government to a new government in the siege of Italy during WWII between 1943-45? Italy fought to create a new government in place of the fascist government headed by Benito Mussolini because of the multiple failed promises including a new Roman Empire as a means to overpower King Victor Emmanuel, and to improve on the poverty. The bombing of Rome, the fascist capital of Italy, was targeted by Allied troops entering Italy in order to capture Mussolini, and the armistice that the Italian citizens believed would eradicate Benito Mussolini and Fascism with the help of the Allied powers.

Multiple historians have touched on the change in government during Fascist Italy’s reign in World War II. In Italian Fascism: Its Origins and Development, Alexander De Grand clarifies the many promises Benito Mussolini fabricated for the Italian people in order to get them to join his cause such as the improvement on poverty with the rise of a new Roman Empire. De Grand also gives an opposite view, with some citizens seeing Fascism as a “model of efficiency.” In Melton S. Davis’ Who Defends Rome?, t...

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...efection from the Axis in 1943. London: Oxford University Press, 1971.

Secondary Sounces:

Albrecht-Carrie, Rene. "The Four Power Pact, 1933 by Konrad Hugo Jarausch." The American Historical Review. no. 2 (1967): 571-572.

Davis, Melton S. Who Defends Rome?. New York: The Dial Press, 1972.

De Grand, Alexander. Italian Fascism: It's Origins and Development. Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 2000.

Delzell, Charles F. Mussolini’s Enemies: The Italian Anti-Fascist Resistance. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961.

Morgan, Philip. The Fall of Mussolini: Italy,the Italian,and the Second World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.

Smyth, Howard McGaw. "Italy: From Fascism to the Republic (1943-1946)." The Western Political Quarterly. no. 3 (1948): 205-222.

Villari, Luigi. The Liberation of Italy: 1943-1947. Appleton: Nelson Publishing Company, 1959.