A virulent plague cascaded over the entire student body, engulfing their minds to the point where there was no sense of logic left in their noggins. This viral pandemic festered in the homes of nearly the entire populace, and by now it was unstoppable. Caressing the feet of many, the atrocious shoe brand “Crocs" took its toll and won the admiration of the ignorant. Little did these children know about the nasty cases of foot fungus it would cause. Yet, a boy by the name of Cornelius would be darned to allow this obnoxious trend get the best of him, for he too was once a victim. He, along with a few others, formed a commune in which they discussed the wretched trend that had swept across the student populace. With all their will power, they would spread the word of their opposition towards the status quo; and in order to carry out their message they printed articles and leaflets to educate the entire student body. In relation to the mid 1800’s, a great spur of philosophical debate of Russia’s social problems took place, regarding whether Western European ideology, gained from German philosophers should be imitated. All the while, Fyodor Dostoevsky, then a radical socialist rebel, was secretly engaging in communes pertaining to the opposition of Tsar Nicholas I. However, his opinion dramatically shifted when he faced a mock execution which granted him redemption; his gift from God. The Western ideologies he once religiously followed were now shadows of his past. The once atheist man redeemed himself as a faithful Christian. Throughout this journey he embarked upon is allegorized in his novel, Crime and Punishment, in which Dostoevsky illustrates the negative repercussions of western ideals, in order to prove that such ideals must be...
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... of Lebeziatnikov. Lebeziatnikov’s socialist and nihilistic ideals represent exactly what Dostoevsky rejected and the portrayal of his idiotic character is utilized to negate the western ideals of Marxism and nihilism.
Dostoevsky illustrates the negative repercussions of western ideals, thus negating the status quo of the 19th Century Russia in order to prove that such ideals must be eradicated through his novel Crime and Punishment. As Cornelius rebelled against the atrocious trend of the eye piercing Crocs, Dostoevsky strongly negated the Western ideals of utilitarianism, the Ubermench Theory, nihilism, and Marxism. Dostoevsky’s allegorized the events occurring in Russia in the mid 1800’s within Crime and Punishment to better explain the harmful effects of accepting these common philosophies to his fellow peers. Therefore, what is popular is not always right.
Dostoevsky uses Lebezyatnikov as another way to talk about his own opinion on the ideas of such “progressives” (376). His argument against the ideas of progressives is intensified with Lebezyatnikov because his actions don’t seem to be congruent with his stances. Lebezyatnikov’s treatment of Katerina Ivanovna and Sonya do not comply with his ideas of free love and the equality of women. Dostoevsky does not agree with the progressive “‘younger generation’” (378) as he characterizes Lebezyatnikov as belonging to “[a] varied legion of semi-literate half wits”(378). Clearly Dostoevsky is not fond of these people. Progressive ideas can be beneficial when actually acted upon. Perhaps he is not arguing that the ideas themselves are bad but that the people who “vulgarize them” (378) are the reason why these ideas make no actual progress.
It was both this interesting plot and the philosophical nature of Dostoyevsky's writing, which initially attracted me to this book. It also features many themes and characters, as well as an effective setting. As a result, I will examine the literary techniques used in "Crime and Punishment" by Fyodor Dostoyevsky to convey the downfall and subsequent rise of the main character, Raskolnikov. I will begin by looking at how the setting formed Raskolnikov's character, and then discuss the structure and other characters of the novel. The setting plays a primary role in forming Raskolnikov's character.
In such poor living conditions, those that the slums of Russia has to offer, the characters in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment1 struggle, living day to day. Raskolnikov, the protagonist, experiences multiple layers of suffering (the thought of his murder causes him greater suffering than does his poverty) as does Sonia and Katerina Ivanovna (1). Through these characters as well as Porfiry Petrovitch, Dostoevsky wants the reader to understand that suffering is the cost of happiness and he uses it to ultimately obliterate Raskolnikov’s theory of an ubermensch which allows him to experience infinite love.
Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment begins with Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov living in poverty and isolation in St. Petersburg. The reader soon learns that he was, until somewhat recently, a successful student at the local university. His character at that point was not uncommon. However, the environment of the grim and individualistic city eventually encourages Raskolnikov’s undeveloped detachment and sense of superiority to its current state of desperation. This state is worsening when Raskolnikov visits an old pawnbroker to sell a watch. During the visit, the reader slowly realizes that Raskolnikov plans to murder the woman with his superiority as a justification. After the Raskolnikov commits the murder, the novel deeply explores his psychology, yet it also touches on countless other topics including nihilism, the idea of a “superman,” and the value of human life. In this way, the greatness of Crime and Punishment comes not just from its examination of the main topic of the psychology of isolation and murder, but the variety topics which naturally arise in the discussion.
Often times in literature, we are presented with quintessential characters that are all placed into the conventional categories of either good or bad. In these pieces, we are usually able to differentiate the characters and discover their true intentions from reading only a few chapters. However, in some remarkable pieces of work, authors create characters that are so realistic and so complex that we are unable to distinguish them as purely good or evil. In the novel Crime and Punishment, Fyodor Dostoevsky develops the morally ambiguous characters of Raskolnikov and Svidrigailov to provide us with an interesting read and to give us a chance to evaluate each character.
Dostoevsky’s crime and punishment, is set in Tsarist Russia in the 19th century. Rodya Raskolnikov, the main character, is a student at a University in St. Petersburg. By the early stages of the novel, he has dropped out of school and is left in his one room shanty, to ponder his own philosophical questions. He is poor, hungry and desperate for money. He begins to sell some of his possessions to a pawnbroker, Alyona Ivanovna, to gain money for his basic survival. He begins to see the poverty and desperation of St. Petersburg at this time. Rodya would begin to look at Alyona as a source of this problem. Alyona, in Rodya’s eyes, was profiting off of the poverty and misery of others by buying off their possession at unreasonably low prices. She would then horde the money for herself while the people outside of her own apartment starved to death. Raskolnikov decides to murder the pawnbroker for the sake of humanity. His plan is not deeply thought out in advance and i...
In his book Crime and Punishment, Dostoevsky explores the paths of two men, Raskolnikov and Svidrigailov. These two men encompass many similar problems and obstacles throughout their lives. Both commit murders and are faced with the long and mentally excruciating journey of seeking redemption. They also share many characteristics of their personalities. The reason that the outcomes of their lives are so drastically different is due to the fact that they have completely different perspectives on life.
Within the tortured mind of a young Russian university student, an epic battle rages between two opposite ideologies - the conservative Christianity characteristic of the time, and a new modernist humanism gaining prevalence in academia. Fyodor Dostoevsky in the novel Crime and Punishment uses this conflict to illustrate why the coldly rational thought that is the ideal of humanism represses our essential emotions and robs us of all that is human. He uses the changes in Raskolnikov's mental state to provide a human example of modernism's effect on man, placing emphasis upon the student's quest for forgiveness and the effect of repressed emotion. The moral side of Raskolnikov's mind requires absolution in a Christian manner. This need obliviates his claim to be a Nietzschean superman, and illustrates that all humans have a desire for morality.
Hansen, Bruce. “Dostoevsky’s Theodicy.” Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, 1996. At . accessed 18 November 2001.
In Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment, Raskalnikov undergoes a period of extreme psychological upheaval. By comparing this death and rebirth of Raskalnikov's psyche to the story of the resurrection of Lazarus, Dostoevsky emphasizes not only the gravity of his crimes, but also the importance of acceptance of guilt.
In his novel Crime and Punishment Fyodor Dostoevsky uses Raskolnikov as a vessel for several different philosophies that were particularly prominent at the time in order to obliquely express his opinions concerning those schools of thought. Raskolnikov begins his journey in Crime and Punishment with a nihilistic worldview and eventually transitions to a more optimistic one strongly resembling Christian existentialism, the philosophy Dostoevsky preferred, although it could be argued that it is not a complete conversion. Nonetheless, by the end of his journey Raskolnikov has undergone a fundamental shift in character. This transformation is due in large part to the influence other characters have on him, particularly Sonia. Raskolnikov’s relationship with Sonia plays a significant role in furthering his character development and shaping the philosophical themes of the novel.
... rather than suppresses it. Products and marketing are becoming more and more personalized, and humans strive to better themselves rather than resort to inaction like the Underground Man. This betterment is a product of both reason and wanting, and without both working in conjunction, societies and their individuals would not be where they are today. Restraints on one in favor of the other may be circumstantially necessary, but checks and balances are kept in place by both law and public assent, neither of which can be presently deemed outstandingly corrupt in its restraints. While extreme self-reflection may be a disagreeable consequent of modernity, there is no evidence to suggest lack of such reflection would be beneficial to the human state. Overall, Dostoevsky’s depiction of the ills of modernity is a relevant and important critique, but his argument oversteps.
This man is the absolute opposite of everything society holds to be acceptable. Here is a man, with intelligent insight, lucid perception, who is self-admitted to being sick, depraved, and hateful. A man who at every turn is determined to thwart every chance fate offers him to be happy and content. A man who actively seeks to punish and humiliate himself. Dostoyevsky is showing the reader that man is not governed by values which society holds to be all important.
According to Raskolnikov’s theory in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment”,there are two types of people that coexist in the world; the “Extraordinary” and the “Ordinary”. The ordinary men can be defined as “Men that have to live in submission, have no right to transgress the law, because they are ordinary.”(248). To the contrary “extraordinary” men are “Men that have a right to commit any crime and to transgress the law in any way , just because they are extraordinary”(248). Dostoevsky’s theory is evident through the characters of his novel. The main character, Raskolnikov, uses his theory of extraordinary men to justify contemplated murder. There is a sense of empowerment his character experiences with the ability to step over social boundaries. He is led to believe the killing of the pawnbroker is done for the perseverance of the greater good. It is ironic that character who is shown to be powerful in the early stages of the novel subsequently go on to show many weaknesses.
By the end of Dostoyesky’s Crime and Punishment, the reader is no longer under the illusion of the possible existence of “extraordinary” men. For an open-minded reader, and even perhaps the closed-minded ones too, the book is a journey through Raskolnikov’s proposed theory on crime. It is a theory based on the ideas that had “been printed and read a thousand times”(313) by both Hegel and Nietzsche. Hegel, a German philosopher, influenced Dostoyesky with his utilitarian emphasis on the ends rather than the means whereby a superman existed as one that stood above the ordinary man, but worked for the benefit of all mankind. Nietsche’s more selfish philosophy focused on the rights to power which allowed one to act in a Hegelian manner. In committing his crime, Raskolnikov experienced the ultimate punishment as he realized that his existence was not that of the “extraordinary” man presented in his theory. In chapter five of part three in Crime and Punishment, this theory is outlined by its creator, Raskolnikov. Such an innovative theory would clearly have placed him in the “extraordinary” category, but when he fails to meet its standards, by submitting to the common law through his confession, the theory crumbles right before the reader’s eyes.