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The effects of rehabilitation of offenders
The effects of rehabilitation of offenders
The effects of rehabilitation of offenders
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What are ex-offenders? Ex-offenders are people who are ready to start a new life, with criminal records but are willing to turn over a new leaf and society should treat them with sanctity and esteem. They are not only males, but also females with families, they have wishes, passions, pains, merriments just like us (“What defines an Ex-offender?”, n.d., para. 1). However, ex-offenders in Singapore are facing a tremendous problem - which is the lack of trust by Singapore society. This is due to the lack of integration and communication within the society. When they are released from jail, these ex-offenders face judgement from others. Having committed an offence, leads people into stereotyping that they will commit another offence. I am very concerned with the situation in Singapore regarding ex-offenders. I am afraid that if my friends or my family members become the ex-offenders, they would be condemned by society and would not be given a second chance. I truly sympathise with the ex-offenders who are unable to be part of the society just because of their past and I feel that they should not be seen through tinted glasses. I sincerely wish to help these people whom society has turned their back on. They should be treated equally just like everyone else. I used to assume that ex-offenders will revert to their old ways, and that they will cause harm to the society. However, in actual fact, when being treated with dignity and respect, ex-offenders can be just like any of us, normal people, who lead normal lives. Ex-offenders can be successful in their new life too. Mr. Benny Se Teo, the founder of a restaurant named Eighteen Chefs, is the perfect example of an ex-offender who has walked out of darkness into a brighter future. He a... ... middle of paper ... ...these ex-offenders are re-integrated back into the society, they are able to obtain jobs with ease. The government should perhaps also make it mandatory for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to hire ex-offenders if they meet the skills requirement for the job. With a job, their safety needs, social needs and esteem needs are met. This reduces the possibility of ex-offenders committing crimes again. In a nutshell, ex-offenders in Singapore are faced with pre-perceived presumptions from society which gives them a hard time finding jobs. Although policies and services such as the Yellow Ribbon Projects and SCORE are being introduced to aid them, it is still inadequate as many ex-offenders are still jobless. In my opinion, everybody deserves a second chance, so do the ex-offenders. We should play our part to help these ex-offenders to be part of our society again.
Along with research on the positive affirmations of rehabilitation in prisons, there are studies that expand upon whether or not imprisonment reduces recidivism. During a time of mass incarceration, the goal is to reconstruct a prisoner’s actions so that they do not pose as a threat to society after they are released. However, some cases show that imprisonment may not be the best way to transition an offender toward a more pro-social lifestyle. Cullen, Jonson, & Nagin (2011) depict prisons as places to keep offenders away from the community to prevent crime and less about reconciliation. Prisons are a place for offenders to go so that they cannot commit any more crimes. The offenders spend a wasteful period of life secluded from society in
This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of ex-offender reentry. Factors contributing to recidivism include law enforcement officers mistrust for reentry prisoners; lack of familial and community support; difficulties gaining employment due to criminal background, obstacles pertaining to housing. Factors that may reduce recidivism, increase public safety and facilitate ex-offender reintegration transitions, as well as detrimental factors of recidivism are examined. Lastly, the important role of parole officers for ex-offenders and the level of supervision ex-offenders receive are also explored in this paper.
Though there are previous cases of imprisonment not curing offending, I believe there is room for the prisons to adapt to the changes in society. The actual idea of imprisonment curing offending is possible, but I feel that ‘cure’ is too strong a word for the rehabilitative nature of the treatment an offender receives. The foundation of prison life has changed from focusing purely on punishment to more rehabilitative functions. Instead of using an “iron fist” ideology, prisons need to be about reformation and changing of wrongdoing. Funding has changed from educational programs to focus on more rehabilitative programs. Education will always be important, but adjusting to life after prison is just as important for the offender. I believe that if imprisonment were to cure offending, then effective forms of treatment need to be available to the offenders. Rehabilitative programming that has a background of being effective should be placed as a baseline in all prisons. From the groundwork on rehabilitative programs, better programs can be formed just like the Good Lives model was created from the Risk-Need-Responsivity model. The prison system has to equally enforce punishment while also encouraging restructuring of the individual. Imprisonment can dissuade offending, but it will take more research and programs for it to fully cure
My research concluded that incarceration is not the solution that we need in order to help criminal offenders gain back entry into their communities. The solution is to lay out strategies that focus on rehabilitation and re-engagement in prosocial activities. Give
Wormith, J. S., Althouse, R., Simpson, M., Reitzel, L. R., Fagan, T. J., & Morgan, R. D. (2007). The rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders: The current landscape and some future directions for correctional psychology. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34(7), 879-892.
For much of society prison is viewed as a facility that segregates and imprisons individuals who commit acts of crimes considered deviant from accepted social behaviors, to ensure the safety and security of the overall community. These individuals are thus handed down a mandated sentence, stripped of their individual freedoms, and are told to reflect on their actions as a means of punishment. However, this method fails to recognize the notion that a majority of these people will one day be allowed back into society, and as a result those who are released tend to fall back into old habits contributing to the rising recidivism rate that currently plagues our prisons. In recent years there has been a gradual push for the implementation of rehabilitation
Former prisoners face larger barriers because US current policies are preventing or decreasing their chance of obtaining certain jobs that will dominate the market in the next twenty years. “According to the U.S. Department of Justice, nearly every person in jail, and 95 percent of state prison inmates, will someday be released; however, about 68% may return to prison” (goodwill). Former incarcerated individuals are often ineligible to obtain any financial assistance that will allow them to enroll in post-secondary institutions, which is required by many high demand industries. According to transitional jobs (2006), “…not only does steady employment have a tremendous impact on the financial status and self-respect of the individuals who are working, but it also has a host of positive benefits for their children and other family members”. Many current and former offenders have dependent children; therefore, increasing opportunities for employment will allow them to provide support without government assistance. Such opportunities will allow them to repair relationships with their families and promote a positive role model for children, since they will be able to obtain a career. According to Goodwill, “When people return to prison rather than successfully reintegrating into their communities, which are often high-poverty areas, those communities lose an estimated $11.6 billion per year due to the lost potential earnings that these people could have earned” (Goodwill). Business owners and hiring management must understand that providing them a second chance is not about rehabilitation, but to give them their right to earn wages, make their businesses more profitable, and stimulate their economy.
The programs are designed to help address their problems; anger and addiction. This is the initial step of preparing inmates to succeed when they are released. Once an inmate is released from prison there should be resources available as part of their “transition” back to society. The resources should be financial, emotional, and focused on job training. The goal should be to help prevent prisoners released from prison from returning to prison. “Most ex-felons say that their greatest desire ...is to be released and given a fair chance to succeed in America. When businesses close their doors to ex-felons refuse to allow ex-felons a chance to work..”
To support reintegration, correctional workers are to serve as advocates for offenders in dealing with government agencies assisting with employment counseling services, medical treatment, and financial assistance. They argued that corrections focal point should be increasing opportunities for the offenders, to become law abiding citizens and on providing psychological treatment. This model of corrections advocates avoiding imprisonment if possible for the offender and also in favor of probation, therefore offenders can obtain an education and vocational training that would help their adjustment in the community. In the community model corrections advocated for inmates incarcerated to spend very limited time in prison before been granted parole.
As the current prison structures and sentencing process continues to neglect the issues that current offenders have no change will accrue to prevent recidivism. The issue with the current structure of the prison sentencing process is it does not deal with the “why” the individual is an social deviant but only looks at the punishment process to remove the deviant from society. This method does not allow an offender to return back to society without continuing where they left off. As an offender is punished they are sentenced (removal from society) they continue in an isolated environment (prison) after their punishment time is completed and are released back to society they are now an outsider to the rapidly changing social environment. These individuals are returned to society without any coping skills, job training, or transitional training which will prevent them from continuing down th...
With the prison system structured as it currently is, incarceration fails to rehabilitate prisoners, effectively forcing those impacted to re-offend. This failure allows for negative impacts within society. While is does also provide some with a positive outcome, the larger scale society suffers while this social issue goes without a
(U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs, 2007). Further investigation cites that those statistics are usually associated with the ex-con being unemployed, or not enrolled in any educational or other much needed programs. (Solomon, Waul, Ness, Travis, & Ravitz, 2004). The problem in most urban areas where most ex-cons are released to, is the lack of opportunity in employment, social services, public, and mental health services. These areas are also widely known as high drug traffic areas and laden with criminal activity. (Braga et al., 2009; Katel, 2009; O 'Brien, 2009; Seiter & Kadela, 2003; Zhang et al., 2006). Braga et al. (2009). Making a successful reentry into society, next to
...n of inmates. What we as a country are doing is not working to rehabilitate offenders. This seems to be a low cost option to the very expensive vocational skills that are offered to inmates, but they cannot seem to get jobs even with the training because of the “you just got out of prison” attitude of society. Mobile has a wonderful program called “Project H.O.P.E” that helps ex-offenders get jobs and all the help they will need to put them on the road to a new life. It does not include Art therapy because it works after inmates have paid their debt to society. It just changes the attitude among employers.
All over America, crime is on the rise. Every day, every minute, and even every second someone will commit a crime. Now, I invite you to consider that a crime is taking place as you read this paper. "The fraction of the population in the State and Federal prison has increased in every single year for the last 34 years and the rate for imprisonment today is now five times higher than in 1972"(Russell, 2009). Considering that rate along crime is a serious act. These crimes range from robbery, rape, kidnapping, identity theft, abuse, trafficking, assault, and murder. Crime is a major social problem in the United States. While the correctional system was designed to protect society from offenders it also serves two specific functions. First it can serve as a tool for punishing the offender. This involves making the offender pay for his/her crime while serving time in a correctional facility. On the other hand it can serve as a place to rehabilitate the offender as preparation to be successful as they renter society. The U.S correctional system is a quite controversial subject that leads to questions such as how does our correctional system punish offenders? How does our correctional system rehabilitate offenders? Which method is more effective in reducing crime punishment or rehabilitation? Our correctional system has several ways to punish and rehabilitate offenders.
As the purpose of restorative justice is to mend the very relationship between the victim, offender, and society, communities that embrace restorative justice foster an awareness on how the act has harmed others. Braithwaite (1989) notes that by rejecting only the criminal act and not the offender, restorative justice allows for a closer empathetic relationship between the offender, victims, and community. By acknowledging the intrinsic worth of the offender and their ability to contribute back to the community, restorative justice shows how all individuals are capable of being useful despite criminal acts previous. This encourages offenders to safely reintegrate into society, as they are encouraged to rejoin and find rapport with the community through their emotions and