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topic on decision making
compare and contract the different typesof leadership
topic on decision making
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Decision making is a task which needs utmost balance on the part of the leader. One sided decisions when team input is necessary or resources going into a lot of group decision making process when the decision itself is not so crucial can turn out to be big result influencing part of the outcomes of a leadership experience. Leadership demands a lot of adaptability where the style of leadership to be followed, a complete leader driven or group driven is to chosen based on the type of decision to be taken and the situation in which the decision is to be taken. Leadership is the process whereby one person influences others to work towards a goal.(1) The following are lot of leadership models that are currently in practice that assist a leader take decisions. • Fiedler’s Contingency model. • Hersey and Blanchard Situational model. • House’s Path-Goal Model. • Vroom-Jago Leadership Model. Vroom Jago leadership model is of Interest to us right now. Vroom Jago leadership model uses decision trees and tradeoffs for a arriving at a set of branched decisions. The Vroom Jago leadership model relates leadership behavior and participation to decision making. The model makes the leader pose him/her a series of questions to which yes or no would be the answer. After a series of questions about the decision to be taken and the situation at hand, the leader arrives at a conclusion where as to take a decision all by himself/herself or to involve the group and if it involves the group, to what extent. The Vroom Jago leadership model has a pre defined set of decision styles the leader can wish to adapt. • Leadership Styles • Autocratic I (A1). The leader takes a decision completely at his discretion without the knowledge or consent of the team members in this style of leadership. This style of decision making is possible only in cases where there is not a lot at stake with the out come of this decision, when the employees’ decision is not exactly crucial for the outcome of the project, or when a leader thinks decision can be arrived at based on the information at hand and thinks any additional information isn’t needed from the team members to take a good and calculated decision. • Autocratic II (A2). The leader takes a decision based on the information that is requested from the team members. This differs from the above type of leadership in the only aspect that the leader doesn’t have all the necessary information to arrive at a decision and requests the same from the team members.
The theory reduces the expectations from the leader, instead focuses on matching the leader to a task
An autocratic leader is a leader that is boss-centered. This type of leader relies on his/her power in order to dominate and control others. Through power this type of leader engages in a virtual dictatorship where there is little acknowledgement of the efforts of subordinates. One great example of an autocratic leader is Hitler. Hitler dominated through power and fear; “Hitler believed that his decisions were always right and that nobody could have better knowledge about something than he held (Hitler info site).” His authority over his subordinates was clea...
The situational leadership model in essence suggests that there is nothing like a one size fits all approach with regards to leadership. Therefore, depending on the situation at hand, there are varying levels of management and leadership that are deemed necessary. However, all leaders are encouraged to first identify their most vital priorities or tasks with regard to leadership and management. Again, the same leaders ought to consider their readiness levels and also the readiness levels of their followers by simply analyzing the group’s willingness and abilities. As a result, depending on these kinds of variables, all leaders ought to apply the most effective leadership style that is best suited to the given situation. Situational leadership is divided into four
The idea of approaching leadership from the standpoint of values has been echoed in several studies. O’Toole (1995) compared and contrasted contingency and situational approach to leadership with value-based leadership. He stated that all leadership styles eventually enforces the individuals to follow what their leader commands them to do rather than focusing on what is the will of the followers – this he called as disrespect for the individuals. It is important for the leader to understand, why people are resistant to change in reality and must make a personal commitment to overcome this resistance to changing environment or culture. He suggested that if the company wants to initiate change that is constructive, focus must be placed on the
Many individuals are ‘guilty as charged’, regarding the use of traditional leadership methods. As a Theory X leader, many professions are conditioned to maintain order and control through direct leadership. However, as they begin to mature in their leadership roles, the paradigm may begin to shift. As leaders provide employees the opportunity to project input into major concerns/changes that affect them as a whole, they will see a major organizational shift. Hopefully this change will lead to the learning organization Senge envisioned as the leading concept for U.S. industries in the future.
In order to ensure that I function as an effective leader, I must observe and reflect upon major leadership theories and models. I believe the Situational Leadership Theory, the Path-Goal Theory of Leadership, and Vroom and Yetton’s Normative Decision Model may help me achieve this high quality leadership that I seek. These theories and models are not without their faults, but studies have proven them to provide some level of effectiveness. Further reflection on each will help to determine what theory/model or what combination of these theories and models will yield me the best results.
A leader that retain most of the authority for themselves and make most decision individually. According to, Washington Post Rhee had a bold, confrontational style that turned off many. She use words in her statements ”crappy” and “criminal” to describe the school system and district’s math score. In other words, Rhee leadership style is autocratic leadership.
Participative leadership theory: In this leadership style, a leader turns his group for input ideas to take a decision fairly take by himself. Its not autocratic type somewhat its indicate democratic leadership style (Participative Leadership Theory and Decision-making Style). Habitually the leader wanted the participation of member to solve problem and making decisions. It does not state that leader can’t take decision in spite of
A characteristic of a person who tends to help facilitate people to achieve a certain task describes leadership. By motivating and directing individuals, a leader tends to have a major affect on a group of individuals. Leaders can be harsh and commanding, but they also can be accepting and encouraging. However, both styles of leadership have a major affect on the group of individuals and the nations they rule either positive or negative. For instance, an authoritarian leadership style is when one person rules an entire nation alone and decides what is good or bad for the country without any input from other executives. Authoritarian rulers tend to be harsh and commanding to the people because they are ruling an entire nation but there is only
Delegating leadership responsibilities to in-groups poses a challenge of building a strong structure with a clear understanding of procedure. On the other side, if the leader cuts followers out of the decision making process, the newly formed relationships will suffer. The Normative Decision Model offers a recommendation for the ways leaders “adjust their decision style depending on the degree to which the quality of the decision is important and the likelihood that employees will accept the decision (Nahavandi, 2015).” An easy first step for leaders is to understand how many people will be effected by the decision (Nahavandi, 2015). Does it only concern an individual or is the whole group going to be impacted? Using the decision tree on page 76 of Nahavandi’s The Art and Science of Leadership (2015), leaders can effectively identify the appropriate decision style needed. A leader must adopt an autocratic style when the quality of the decision is not significant, when employees disagree, and when the employees don’t see eye to eye with the organizations goals (Nahavandi, 2015). While a consultative style is necessary when the employees will hold the responsibility of implementation; especially when employees agree with the overall goals of the organization (Nahavandi, 2015). Finally, “group oriented decision style should be used when the leader does not have all the information, and
Autocrat, Benevolent Autocrat, Consultative, Participative, Consensus and Laissez-Faire are types of leadership styles. Individuals’ personalities have an influence on which leadership style he or she claims. It is common knowledge to professional leaders that autocrat style leaders are directive and demand instant action from team members without explanation where as benevolent autocrat leaders declare with explanation (Leadership Styles, 1997, p.1 & Sutcliffe, 1999, p.276). Interactive leadership styles are consultative and participative. Consultative gets opinions before deciding on the plan and participative leaders consider team members’ view points before making final decisions (Leadership Styles, 1997, p.1 & Sutcliffe, 1999, p.276). Consensus and Laissez-Faire leadership roles...
Some of the characteristics seen in collaborative leadership are shared problem-solving and decision making. In order to come to a mutual decision between group members, the...
In addition, (Amandi et al, 2004) makes us understand issues related to leadership decision and also gives a clear overview on leadership theories.
We can divide the theories that deal with leadership in 3 chronological groups. First were the trait theories. Until the 1940's, research in the field of leadership was dominated by these theories. Second came the behavioral theories which were very influent until the late 1960's. Finally, contingency theories are the most modern theories about leadership.
Autocratic leaders also known as authoritarian leaders are leaders that have absolute authority over subordinates, are in control of the situation they are in, dictate and enforce orders, rarely consult with or ask opinions of others, are highly task driven, and the emotional needs of people are a low priority. The advantage of an Autocratic leader is they typically achieve results quickly; they would make a great leader during the time of crisis or when a project