In 1979 two scientists met at The Center for Nuclear Research (CERN). These men's names are Michael Green and John Schwarz. John Schwarz had been working on the Theory of Superstrings/ Theory of Everything. Michael Green the younger of the two men was studying all research that he could get his hands on, and was fascinated by the Theory. John Schwarz who had been tired of the Theory of Superstrings and the Theory of Everything in 1974 saw a new passion and new data that would be the fuel for Michael and his own research. Very few other scientists wanted to become involved in the
Theories and left the Theories to the two men. Green and Schwarz found this perfectly acceptable, because they would now be receiving all credit for their work.
The Old Paradigm is that the universe is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The New Paradigm states that the universe is not made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons but rather tiny Superstrings that vibrate at specific frequencies. ( Like a guitar string.)
Using complicated formula's such as E8 X E8 divides in two, in the Big Bang and creates two identical universes E8 and E8 shadow, this allows the theory to explain the four forces of nature, and it even indicates a universe of
"shadow matter" that exists in a parallel to our own. The theory also suggests that our universe evolved out of a higher dimensional space during the first instances of the Big Bang. What this means is that during the Big
Bang there was an escape of particles and a whole lot of other stuff that created our universe. This
'Stuff' that escaped from the 'bag' was only half of the equation. This acting like twins, or as called earlier a parallel universe that in theory is the same as our own. Evident resistance to the Superstring and Theory of
Everything is the fact that the money needed to build a machine
(Relativistic Klystron Two Beam Accelerator) that will be able to produce enough energy as at the beginning of creation is near impossible. The coming of a machine as the RK/TBA may present the last thinkable experiment of this sort carried out by scientists. The faith that physicists have that the goal is within reach, is only based on the beauty of their Superstrings Theories.
Should the building of the RK/TBA succeed in producing the energies the scientists are intending it to, then it will be decided whether the physicists will find; everything or nothing.
The greatest impact that The Superstring Theories will have on society as a
Einstein's equation "E=mc^2" has two sides which is constructive and destructive. The constructive side is when energy is converted into mass and the destructive side is when a small amount of mass is converted into energy. According to Einstein’s equation, the physicists of the Manhattan project hypothesized that a minute mass ...
“A new (but yet unproven) theory proposes that all matter—from the page of this book to the skin of a peach—consists of tiny loops of vibrating strings. String (or Superstring) Theory,
The amazing transformation the study of physics underwent in the two decades following the turn of the 20th century is a well-known story. Physicists, on the verge of declaring the physical world “understood”, discovered that existing theories failed to describe the behavior of the atom. In a very short time, a more fundamental theory of the ...
Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity has had a colossal impact on the world and is the accepted physical theory reg...
Part I: The Edge of Knowledge Chapter 1: Tied Up with Strings This is the introductory section, where the author, Brian Greene, examines the fundamentals of what is currently proven to be true by experimentation in the realm of modern physics. Green goes on to talk more about "The Basic Idea" of string theory. He describes how physicists are aspiring to reach the Theory of Everything, or T.O.E. Some suspect when string theory is completely understood that it might turn out to become the T.O.E.Part II: The Dilemma of Space, Time, and Quanta Chapter 2: Space, Time, and the Eye of the Beholder In the chapter, Greene describes how Albert Einstein solved the paradox about light. In the mid-1800's James Maxwell succeeded in showing that light was actually an electromagnetic wave.
time of discovery, of new and exciting things that had never even been heard about before. The
The sub-atomic particles that are known to exist now are a strange and vast new addition to the seemingly grand scale that is our universe we live in. There are many things left to find, create, observe, and explain, but it is human nature to attempt to do these things and find out what got us here.
Note: The first seconds of the universe were pure energy. That energy was transformed into the matter and energy that is recognizable today. Einstein’s notable equation, E=MC2, predicted the relationship between energy and mass. In other words, energy is equal to mass, multiplied by the speed of light squared.
Humans have long been curious about the origin of the universe. They also have been curious as to how and when the Earth was formed. It all started with the Big Bang. The life we are living as we know it would not be the way it is without it. In order to better understand The Big Bang Theory one must understand what it is, how it began, the evidence, and what happened during it.
13.8 Billion years ago, long before the creation of the popular television show, The Big Bang Theory occurred and is now the most widely recognized cosmological model for the universe. The Big Bang theory is an attempt to explain how the universe we know today began. Over the years, numerous discoveries and research have revealed that our universe did have a beginning, and that there was nothing before the Big Bang occurred. Throughout history there have been other theories as to how our universe began, though the Big Bang still prevails. One of the most exciting parts about the universe is a vast and fascinating place and there are even new discoveries still being made today. The Big Bang theory is widely regarded as the most likely scenario
The Big Bang is a theory that the universe was created in a very large
! Before the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), physicist George Gamow predicted that the energy of the Big Bang was enough to create all of the elements in the universe. Two of his students later calculated that this was not possible. (Scientific American) Since a certain amount of energy is needed for nucleosynthesis, or the formation of heavier nuclei from smaller nuclei or particles, ...
For the purposes of this paper, a grasp of the differences between logical, metaphysical, and natural supervenience will be sufficient to understand the arguments put forth by materialists, property dualists, and eliminativists. Logical supervenience can be characterized by the claim: B-properties supervene logically on A-properties if it is logically impossible for two situations to have the same B-properties without also sharing the same A-properties.
During the summer of tenth grade, I took a number theory course at Johns Hopkins University with students from Alaska, California, and Bogota, Colombia. My attendance of the New Jersey Governor's School in the Sciences is another accomplishment that exemplifies my dedication to knowledge. During the summer following eleventh grade, I took courses in molecular orbital theory, special relativity, cognitive psychology, and I participated in an astrophysics research project. For my independent research project, I used a telescope to find the angular velocity of Pluto. With the angular velocity determined, I used Einstein's field equations and Kepler's laws to place an upper bound on the magnitude of the cosmological constant, which describes the curvature of space and the rate of the universe's expansion.
Strassler, Matthew. “Fermions And Bosons.” Of Particular Significance. WordPress, 12 Aug. 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2013.