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legalizing physician-assisted suicide research paper
physician assisted suicide legalization
role of physician and legalization assisted suicide
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Our economy is going through some rough times, and everyone is looking for a solution. The problem is simple according to governor John Engler : “We’ve had to battle declining tax revenues ... at the same time there’s been an explosion in health-care costs.” (Health-care A3) The number of old people in this country is at an all time high, while social programs like Medicaid and Social Security are nearing a dead end. If the problem is so simple, shouldn’t the solution also be as simple? Luckily it is. Legalizing physician assisted euthanasia would not only save money in medical costs, but is also a good form of population control. What this would man is that once a person on Medicare reaches a certain age, like 65, he would have to prove to a court that he or she is worth keeping alive.
High health care costs have been plaguing our economy for years. We all know that generation x, and whatever the one after that is, will never see any money in Social Security; nevertheless we still keep paying for it with every check. The U.S. House last month approved legislation that would spend $320 billion over 10 years for a prescription drug benefit for senior citizens. (Health-care A3) This is $320 billion dollars that could be saved by just killing most of those old people who are responsible for the rotting away of our country. It’s not like old people are such a good investment anyways. The kids are the future. Let’s take the billions of dollars we are dumping into these old people, and put them into educating young kids on the importance of taking care of yourself physically and financially. We’ll build big prison-schools, where we can put in all the poor kids, and kids of sick people, and educate them so they wont make their parents mistakes. Don’t you wish there was a system like this when you were a kid? By systematically putting all the old people who are a burden to our economy to sleep, we can greatly better our own future. A few years of old people life is a small price to pay for a lifetime of opportunity.
Ask any grandmother and they will tell you that the most important thing for them is their kids and grandkids future. Unfortunately a major percentage of old people become a burden to their family.
Hobbes and Locke both present states of nature in which the human race exists prior to, or without the formation of civil society. These states of nature present stark differences between one other that emphasize the different views the two author’s have on the natural human state. The states of nature each give rise to their own distinct and separate reasons for forming a civil society and, consequently, giving up rights in order to form a civil society. I will begin my essay by presenting both Locke’s and Hobbes’ state of nature and outlining their differences. Then I will analyze the ways in which Hobbes’ state of nature may be seen as more plausible, as well as considering some possible objections to Hobbes’ view. Next I will examine Locke’s view and why it may be considered more plausible in addition to looking at some arguments against it. In this paper I intend to argue that Hobbes’ state of nature makes the acceptance of a civil society more plausible, but that Locke’s state of nature presents more plausibility in commonly held views or intuitions people may hold today.
Euthanasia has been a long debated subject consisting of many opinions and believes. For this paper I will be providing my rationale on why I am for legalization of active voluntary euthanasia for terminally ill clients in Canada. Active voluntary euthanasia should be legalized because it respects the individual’s choice, it allows individuals to flourish in their passing, and reduces the individual from further suffering. These are all important components of bioethics, and are all good reasons why euthanasia is not a negative thing. Active voluntary euthanasia is “the active killing of a dying person” requested by the client themselves (Collier & Haliburton, 2011, p. 226). In the paper I will also be discussing about virtue ethics, the principle of autonomy, and care ethics.
The laws are admirable in what lawmakers are trying to achieve, which is to restrict mentally ill individuals from owning guns. However, the lack of due process is highly unconstitutional, and the law is unspecific in defining what constitutes an individual as ‘ill.’ HB 302, also known as the “Beau Biden gun control act,” was introduced
In many ways Hobbes and Locke’s conclusions on man and society create a polarizing argument when held in comparison to each other. For instance the two make wildly conflicting assertions concerning mankind’s capacity to foster and achieve organized society. Hobbes asserts humans cannot be trusted to govern themselves lest they fall into war and chaos; Locke, on the other hand concludes almost the exact opposite. Despite the polarity in each man’s train of thought, both philosophies share a common ancestor: a state defined by total equality where no human is superior or holds dominance over another. Although this is the base of both theories, it is the only similarity between the two. This commonality can be illustrated when tracing each argument deductively from their conclusions, the comparison reveals that the heaviest and most base opposition in each mans philosophy is his assertions regarding the nature of human beings.
Today, there is a large debate over the situation and consequences of euthanasia. Euthanasia is the act of ending a human’s life by lethal injection or the stoppage of medication, or medical treatment. It has been denied by most of today’s population and is illegal in the fifty states of the United States. Usually, those who undergo this treatment have a disease or an “unbearable” pain somewhere in the body or the mind. Since there are ways, other than ending life, to stop pain caused by illness or depression, euthanasia is immoral, a disgrace to humanity, according to the Hippocratic Oath, and should be illegal throughout the United States.
Clearly, though both Thomas Hobbes and John Locke share similar social contracts, with regards to representation and the role of the government, their views are radically different, stemming from their sharply contrasting views on the State of Nature. Although they had radically opposing viewpoints when it came to the role of government, both Hobbes’ Leviathan and Locke’s Two Treatise of Government were instrumental references in the forming the American government and political spectrum. Predictably, Hobbes’ extremely cynical-in-a-PTSD views on the State of Nature (and thus government) were less regarded, in favor of Locke’s more moderate views on government and towards humanity in general.
This will make it easier for other forms of euthanasia and mercy killing to be legal. Edmund D. Pelligrino, Professor Emeritus of Medicine and Medical Ethics, says that: "In a society as obsessed with the costs of health care and the principle of utility, the dangers of the slippery slope. are far from fantasy. Assisted suicide is a half-way house, a stop on the way to other forms of direct euthanasia, for example, for incompetent patients by advance directive or suicide in the elderly. So, too, is voluntary euthanasia a half-way house to involuntary and non-voluntary euthanasia?
The formation of government is one of the central themes for both Hobbes and Locke. Whether or not men naturally form a government, or must form a government, is based on man’s basic nature. According to Hobbes, a government must be formed to preserve life and prevent loss of property. According to Locke, a government arises to protect life and property. Governments are born of inequality and formed to administer equality.
Hobbes and Locke had opposing views and interpretations of man in the state of nature because of the environment in Europe during the time period they lived and government status. In the course of the early 17th century in Hobbes’ time, Europe was in the state of chaos and violence. Hobbes argued that the reason was if society would leave man in his own state of nature, he would be brutish and cause more turmoil between the government and public. This depiction of man left Hobbes in support of an absolutist government. Hobbes explained, “…and the...
Euthanasia had become a big debate in our society and the world. Many people ask, what is Euthanasia? “Euthanasia is a deliberate intervention or omission with the express intention of hastening or ending and individual’s life, to relieve intractable pain or suffering” (Sanders & Chaloner, 2007, p. 41). Thus the meaning of euthanasia is having the right to die if you are terminally ill, suffering and/or suffering a great amount of pain. Many people do not agree with the use of euthanasia, but if humans can put down animals why cannot we use euthanasia on humans? Back in ancient Greek and Roman times, the word euthanasia meant “good death”. Also it was allowed because many people did not live to long ages. When the times began to change so did people’s views on euthanasia, due to the new religion of Judeo-Christian Belief. Because life and death were giving to us by God, euthanasia goes against his wishes. If they practice in the act of euthanasia because of their beliefs they would be committing a sin and end up going to hell. (Yip,2009,p.1)
Euthanasia is very controversial topic in the world today. Euthanasia, by definition, is the act of killing someone painlessly ,especially someone suffering from an incurable illness. Many people find euthanasia morally wrong, but others find people have control over thier own bodies and have a right to die. A solution to this problem is to have the patient consent to euthansia and have legal documentation of the consent.
It is solely within the state of nature, in which nothing more supreme than humankind exists, that the essence of man is revealed . The notion of a situation in which law would not dictate human behavior set philosophers from the Age of Enlightenment on a quest to uncover the innate attributes of man. Consequently, these writers concluded that man cannot peaceably exist without government, thereby leading to the establishment of the social contract theory. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke’s ideas regarding the state of nature were expanded upon to develop the social contract theory which served to express the purpose of government. The conceptions of Hobbes and Locke as presented in their theories had a gargantuan impact on the formation of the
First of all, euthanasia saves money and resources. The amount of money for health care in each country, and the number of beds and doctors in each hospital are limited. It is a huge waste if we use those money and resources to lengthen the lives of those who have an incurable disease and want to die themselves rather than saving the lives of the ones with a curable ailment. When we put those patients who ask for euthanasia to death, then the waiting list for each hospital will shorten. Then, the health care money of each country, the hospital beds, and the energy of the doctors can be used on the ones who can be cured, and can get back to normal and able to continue contributing to the society. Isn’t this a better way of using money and resources rather than unnaturally extend those incurable people’s lives?
The argument referring to the nature of human beings and government is one that been debated for hundreds of years by many of the world’s greatest minds. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes are two opposing philosophers who have devoted many years to studying this subject. For Locke, the state of nature— the original condition of all humanity before civilization and order was established—is one where man is born free, equal and have rights that others should respect, such as the right to live and the right to liberty. For Hobbes, however, the state of nature is one of constant war; solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short ; it is, in Hobbes’ mind, civilization that separates humans from their primitive state. Hobbes believed that an individual’s only
Human rights have always been a piece of America’s development, and today these rights make up the freedom’s we have as the people. Being able to accept or decline medical attention is one of those rights. This means that patients have the right to tell a doctor if he or she does not want to be treated in any way even if they are on their death bed, and the doctor must do as the patient says. As those patients denying medical attention on their death beds are choosing their fate, we should be able to do the same without being in that situation. For now the law says that a physician cannot assist suicide; this law affects those who are already dying from incurable diseases. This law is causing suffering amongst those citizens with intolerable diseases, depriving the people of a human right, and causing debt that could be fixed. Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient, and I believe that it should be legal in every way possible.