Proxemics is the study of the distance people leave between themselves and others within various situations and in various cultures. In everyday life people distance themselves although it is a subconscious action. Proxemics was observed between the employees working in the radiology department of a local hospital. The observation took place throughout the whole department which included exam and procedure rooms as well as staff lounges and waiting rooms. The department is relatively small and does not allocate a large amount of space in between work environments. Gender, age, education, family background, and level of association are factors that determined the proxemics in the radiology department.
Gender does appear to help determine the amount of distance one employee will place between themselves and another employee. It appears as though the men will place themselves closer to women they find attractive. If the woman is not particularly attractive, the man will leave a wider gap between himself and her. For example, one male subject sat closer to a woman who was young and thin, while the same subject left a good distance between himself and the older, heavier woman. Men seem to leave an equal distance between themselves no matter what the situation is, unless there is a disagreement. One of the subjects was upset that he felt he was asked to do something not in his job description. He proceeded to discuss this with his supervisor, who was also a male. When the supervisor told him to just do the requested job, the subject became irate and closed the gap between himself and his boss. This gap remained closed until the disagreement was resolved. Women will also position themselves closer to men they find attractive. One female employee always hugs and gives backrubs to another male employee she finds attractive, while she is just polite to the other male employees. Women also appear to give an equal amount of room between themselves unless a disagreement arises, in which case, the gap closes considerably.
Age also does not seem to be a large factor in proxemics although in a few scenarios it appears as people with certain educational or family backgrounds will place themselves farther away from an older person out of respect. One male employee with a strong Hispanic family history appeared to place more room between himself and an older volunteer. The same employee appeared to be more relaxed and left a shorter distance between himself and the younger employees that were closer to his age group.
Reese, C. (2000). Biological Differences Establish Gender Roles. Male/female roles: opposing viewpoints (pp. 18-19). San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press.
In Nathaniel Hawthorne's classic The Scarlet Letter, nature plays a very important and symbolic role. Hawthorne uses nature to convey the mood of a scene, to describe characters, and to link the natural elements with human nature. Many of the passages that have to do with nature accomplish more than one of these ideas. All throughout the book, nature is incorporated into the story line. The deep symbolism conveyed by certain aspects of nature helps the reader gain a deeper understanding of the plight and inner emotions of the characters in the novel.
Sullivan K. E. (2008). Ageism and the contact hypothesis: The effects of work-related and non-work-related contact on age-related stereotypes (Masters thesis). The University of Texas at Arlington, ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing, 20081460808.
An infant’s initial contact with the world and their exploration of life is directly through the parent/ primary caregiver. As the child grows, learns, and develops, a certain attachment relationship forms between them and the principle adult present in this process. Moreover, this attachment holds huge implications concerning the child’s future relationships and social successes. Children trust that their parental figure will be there; as a result, children whom form proper attachments internalize an image of their world as stable, safe, and secure. These children will grow independent while at the same time maintaining a connection with their caregivers. (Day, 2006). However, when a child f...
Age discrimination affects the old and the young. It causes people to think they can just walk all over the person being discriminated ...
Medea is a tragedy written by acclaimed Greek playwright Euripides.fortunately, had the opportunity to view last night's performance. Euripides cleverly uncovers the reality of Ancient Greek society, shining a light on the treatment of women and the emotions and thoughts that provoked during their time in society. As they were voiceless, Euripides acted as a voice. The scene is set during a male- dominated society, Medea the protagonist challenges the views and chooses to ignore the normality of civilisation. Treated as an outsider her passion for revenge conquers the motherly instincts she possesses, provoking a deep hatred and sparking revenge towards her once loved family.
15). I couldn’t have said this better myself; I do not see why a male and a female have the same level of educational degrees and work experience should be treated differently because of natural physical attributes and gender identity. Shah (2015), argues that “in the present competitive world, though amplified workload and working hours are experienced by both men and women, in this study women were found to experience more workload and work schedule issues in comparison to men” (p. 14). Kanter said “Not only are the decision makers influenced by the stereo types that disadvantage women in the leadership role, but also they may succumb to homosocial reproduction, a tendency for a group to reproduce itself in its own image” (as cited in Northouse, 2016, p. 405). Females are pioneers, multitasking is one of their many great qualities, even under pressure, “studies shown that women experience more role stress than men” (Shah, 2015, p. 14). Yes, it is clear to see that some jobs require men specialty because of their physical attributes such as strength; it is an approving and desirable qualities; however, when it a leadership styles and skills is in the environment that in mainly about ideas, human skills, communication and anything outside busting a muscle or
The attachment theory, presented by Mary Ainsworth in 1969 and emerged by John Bowlby suggests that the human infant has a need for a relationship with an adult caregiver, and without a subsequent, development can be negatively impacted (Hammonds 2012). Ainsworth proposes that the type of relationship and “attachment” an infant has with the caregiver, can impact the social development of the infant. As stated by Hammonds (2012), attachment between a mother and a child can have a great impact on the child 's future mental
“92 percent of workers who have seen age discrimination happen in the workplace or have experienced it first-hand say that it is either very or somewhat common to see.” According to Gaille (2015).
Infant attachment is the first relationship a child experiences and is crucial to the child’s survival (BOOK). A mother’s response to her child will yield either a secure bond or insecurity with the infant. Parents who respond “more sensitively and responsively to the child’s distress” establish a secure bond faster than “parents of insecure children”. (Attachment and Emotion, page 475) The quality of the attachment has “profound implications for the child’s feelings of security and capacity to form trusting relationships” (Book). Simply stated, a positive early attachment will likely yield positive physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive development for the child. (BOOK)
In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, nature and Pearl are depicted as innocence and evil. Hester brings her daughter, Pearl, to live in the forest because they are not accepted by society due to the Scarlet letter. The relationship between these two is Pearl creates a bond with nature mentally since society rejects her as a product of sin. Nature is viewed in the eyes of a Puritan as a place where witches live to perform witchcraft and where darkness inhabits. However, the relationship between nature and Pearl gives her freedom and growth.
The characteristics and behaviors associated with men and women are called gender roles. Gender can also be interpreted as the social, psychological, and cultural interpretation of biological sex. Gender as a social construct has been a term throughout history that explains the social distinction between men and women and is reinforced in social interactions. The crisis of the global economy brings about gender dimensions and different meanings for men and women in society. Men and women have been hierarchy organized and valued. Throughout the 19th century, women’s contributions to society were regarded as less significant than those of men. Stereotypes were put on genders, which included assertive, strong, and competitive for masculinity and submissive, weak, and emotional for femininity. Gender inequality arose as economic crisis took place throughout the 19th century. The changing conditions of work in the global state impacted the roles for men and women and many feminists started to challenge the idea that “biology is destiny”. With post-Fordism, a new gender order emerged, and Women occupied a broader place in the work force. However, sexism is still prevalent in society to some extent whether it’s unconscious or conscious and affects the lives of many women.
Let us take a look at the most important factor that determines the health of our adult relationships; that is infant attachment. From the time that an infant is born, those around him influence the way a child will act or react in any given relationship. It provides a firm foundation upon which all other relationships grow. The idea is that the success of all relationships is dependent upon the success of the first one, namely, of the bond between the infant and his mother or primary caregiver (Brodie, 2008).
In Medea, by Euripides, conflicts play a major role in the creation of the play. Some examples of these conflicts are with Medea and Jason, Medea and herself, and Medea and Creon. Medea is shown to be a strong, independent woman who does what she wants as well as doesn’t let anything stand in her way. She shares qualities of a traditional male at the time, and the qualities of a traditional female. Euripides makes this clear in the play by creating conflicts to prove women can be a powerful character and that the play in general challenges the idea of misogyny.
Since men and women work closely in the workplace today, there are many complaints addressing the differences in the genders. Simma Lieberman addresses these differences in her article, “Better Communication Between Men and Women in the Workplace: Some Useful Tips”. Men tend to think that women take things too seriously, are slow in getting down to business, and try to be “one of the boys”. A complaint that women give about men is that they are being labeled names such as: “girls”, “honey”, and “darlin”. Other complaints are that men make women into objects, making decisions about work with other men and not including the women, and using expressions that only use sports, violence or sexual connotations s...