The aim of the experiment is to find out the effect of different
concentrations of reactants on rate of reaction.
Rates of Reaction
Aim
The aim of the experiment is to find out the effect of different
concentrations of reactants on rate of reaction. I will find this out
by doing an experiment. The reaction that will be used is: Sodium
Thiosulphate + Hydrochloric Acid
Na2S2O3 + 2HCl
Equipment
The equipment I will use to do this experiment is:
· Goggles
· Test tubes
· Beakers
· Hydrochloric Acid
· Sodium Thiosulphate
· Water
· X marked paper
Background Information
The Collision Theory is when particles collide with enough energy to
break their bonds if they are to react. Collision means when two
particles hit each other. Breaking a solid exposes new surfaces, the
smaller the pieces the greater the surface area.
Safety Measures
A pair of goggles will be worn in order to protect the eyes.
Fair Test
In order for my findings to be valid the experiment must be fair. I
will use the same standard each time for judging when the X has
disappeared. I will make sure that the measuring cylinders for the
Hydrochloric acid and Sodium Thiosulphate will not be mixed up. The
amount of Hydrochloric acid will be 10cm3 each time.
Prediction
I predict that by increasing the concentration of one of the reactants
the rate of reaction will increase because they are likely to collide
quicker.
Method
I first of all start of by wearing goggles as Hydrochloric Acid is an
irritant to the eyes. After that I got all equipment out I needed to
perform this experiment.
Test Tube Beaker X marked paper
I firstly put 10cm3 of hydrochloric acid into the beaker which I
measured with the test tube. After I put the x marked paper under the
beaker. I then poured in the volume of Sodium Thiosulphate and the
concentration of it which was 50cm3. Set off the stopwatch and waited
to see when the x marked paper is not visible. I repeatedly did this 3
times for each one. Finally, I recorded the results on a results
table.
Conclusions
My results show that if you add more concentration of sodium
Thiosulphate and less water to the hydrochloric acid the particles
collide more because so the rate of reaction increases. When I
repeated my results and experiment the times were similar meaning that
I was very accurate with my experiment and judgement.
Evaluation
I only really encountered one problem which was do the experiment in
the amount of time that was given to us and Sodium Thiosulphate ran
out during the experiment but that was quickly resolved as borrowed
some of my friend who is also doing the experiment.
The Daphnia magna species in this experiment were kept and preserved in jars of suitable water that acted as small ponds. Each Daphnia Magna was transported individually using a wide-mouthed pipette to a depression slide. The stability of the Daphnia Magna on the slide was attained by using a drop of pond water that acted as a boundary of movement for the Daphnia on the depression slide, small pieces of cotton wool were also used to act as an extra boundary to stop the Daphnia Magna from swimming in circles in the pond drop it was placed in; the stability factor was important in counting the heart beat rate more accurately. The depression slide was then placed under the stereomicroscope, over a cooling chamber that was used to slow down the
At the beginning of the story, after the plane had crashed on the island and the boys are accounted for, Ralph feels very free and absent. He finds a lagoon to with warm water, and just like any other twelve year old boy, he goes for recreational swim. "Whizzoh! . . . Ralph inspected the whole thirty yards carefully and plunged in."(12) So far, not terribly worried yet, about being rescued and getting off the island. Along with him being fairly rel...
In the 1960?s, society was changing by the minute and fashion was ?anything goes?. In the early sixties, Jackie Kennedy influenced fashion with her elegant, stylish outfits and her trademark pillbox hat. In the late sixties, the ?mod look? was popularized by go-go boots and mini-skirts, while bellbottom jeans, tie-dye shirts, long skirts and peasant dresses were worn by the hippie culture. Glance through any fashion catalog or magazine in the nineties and you will see models wearing the same fashions popularized in the late sixties. This illustrates how the 60?s contributed to today?s fashions. In the sixties, people in television, film and movies became the new socially elite and their influence had a profound impact on fashion, attitudes, and social values. In the nineties, supermodels and sports figures have joined this group. The fascination the public has with c...
quarter of the page and is used to catch the eye of the reader. The
Throughout the history of the United States, there were various decades in the 1900’s which each had unique characteristics. One such decade, amongst the others, seemed to step out of its comfort zone and pushed outside the boundaries, pushing for a new identity and culture. This decade is referred to as the 1960’s. The 1960’s was characterized by an intense movement of social change that pushed for freedom of expression and human rights without restrictions to race, color or sexuality identity. The 1960’s was a decade characterized by great social disturbance and drastic change.
If we didn’t have fashion then a lot of people wouldn’t have jobs because there are a whole bunch of fashion designers out there, also all of the celebrities wouldn’t have name brand clothing because there would be no way to make them because we wouldn’t have designers. Fashion of the 1920’s played a very big role in today’s fashion. Including the material our clothing is made out of also the styles of clothing we wear. Many things women wear today first came from fashion in the 1920's. Flappers, shoe styles, and accessories are a few things that we wear today have came from. Many celebrities still wear some things that people wore in the 1920's including flappers. Have you ever wondered what the amazing fashion of the 1920's was like?
In the novel “Lord of the Flies” the author William Golding sets out to demonstrate what can happen when good clashes with evil, or in this case the Civilized versus the Savage. He selected two individuals to represent each group. Jack represented the savage and Ralph represented the civilized. As the novel progressed their priorities became clearer. Ralph wanted to be rescued and Jack wanted to kill. Due to their personality clashes, later in the novel series of unfortunate events occur at the end of the novel. It can be learnt that the rules and laws that guide us are there for a reason. To teach us the difference right and wrong and keep us behaved.
Deforestation is the clearing of a forest and/or cutting down of trees for human benefits such as agriculture, wood exports, etc. Deforestation is the cause of numerous environmental impacts such as habitat loss, flooding and soil erosion. It can also cause climate change, by reducing the amount of rainfall and changing the amount of sunlight reflected from Earth’s surface and increases the risk of forest . Tree growth is important for biodiversity because they absorb carbon dioxide which is a harmful greenhouse gas . However, since deforestation reduces natural carbon sinks, it disrupts the balance between oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air causing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air to increase. This poses a serious threat since carbon dioxide traps the sun’s heat and radiated light inside the earth’s atmosphere. So, with the increase in carbon dioxide more heat is trapped and thus adding to the effects of global warming. Among the many places where deforestation takes place, Amazon seems to be one of the most affected ones. More than 20 percent of it is already gone, and much more of it is severely threatened due to deforestation . It is estimated that the Amazon alone is vanishing at a rate of 20,000 square miles a year .
American society and culture experienced an awakening during the 1960s as a result of the diverse civil rights, economic, and political issues it was faced with. At the center of this revolution was the American hippie, the most peculiar and highly influential figure of the time period. Hippies were vital to the American counterculture, fueling a movement to expand awareness and stretch accepted values. The hippies’ solutions to the problems of institutionalized American society were to either participate in mass protests with their alternative lifestyles and radical beliefs or drop out of society completely.
The world of ethics and moral understanding of medicine was turned inside out as human rights were disregarded in an attempt to understand the anatomy of the human body, as well as its various responses to different drugs and environments. Human experimentation and subject research were of little interest to society before the 20th century (“Human Experimentation, Plutonium, and Colonel Stafford Warren”). The onset of the Holocaust heightened the popularity of that medical field. Experimentation using human subjects has drastically changed from the 20th to 21st century regarding the consent and state of the subject, the intent of the experiments, and the laws and policies passed.
Deforestation began with man’s ability to manipulate his environment. Wood has always been a primary source for shelter and has been affected by human expansion. As the worlds population grew, so to did the need for wood to make housing. As cities grew so did the demand for space to accommodate the growing population. Throughout history and even today, man has manipulated the environment affecting it’s resources.
Steffen’s article, “Gender Stereotypes Stem From the Distribution of Women and Men Into Social Roles”. In this article, they discuss the root of gender stereotypes being derived from the unequal distribution of roles for men and women in society. They believe too many women are left to be “homemakers” while men become professionals. This is evident in Survivors as the show chooses to have Abby take on this maternal role. This unequal distribution of roles then, in turn, leads to men and women being labeled with certain qualities. According to Steffen and Eagly, women are believed to have communal qualities, or “manifested by selflessness, concern with others, and a desire to be at one with others”, and men agentic qualities or, “self-assertion, self-expansion, and the urge to master” (Eagly, Steffen 736). Abby epitomizes this desire to help others and selfness, while the surrounding men are less likely to trust others by questioning the actions of other men in the
Every woman when pregnant has a 3-5% chance of having a baby born with a birth defect, and these chances increase when the developing fetus/ embryos are exposed to teratogens, whether it’s intentional or unintentional (Bethesda (MD), 2006). Teratogens can cause severe birth defects, malformations, or terminate the pregnancy altogether (Jancárková, & Gregor, 2000). The placenta is known as an effective barrier from any detrimental pathogen that can potentially hurt the fetus. The timing of exposure of any teratogen is critical to the impact of prenatal development (Bethesda (MD), 2006). The most vulnerable time of the fetus for severe damage is during early pregnancy when all the major organ and central nervous system (CNS) are developing. Miscarriages have an important role in keeping a pregnancy from evolving when there is something serious going on with the developing fetus/embryo. Miscarriages are more common than we think and are the most familiar type of pregnancy loss (Bethesda (MD), 2006).
Generally, in the 60s people’s dressing was stilted, unattractive and confined (Tracy Tolkien., 2002). However, young people experienced the highest incomes period after the Second World War; therefore, they began to put more attention outside the basic human supply. Hence, the young boys and girls were start desired some fresh elements to add i...
Egg Albumen Experiment The purpose of this investigation is to establish which is the lowest concentration of Copper (II) Sulphate solution that will denature a sample of egg albumen (egg white) at room temperature. The base of the reaction is the globular protein (albumen) being denatured by a heavy metal (Copper (II)), the copper (II) reacts with the NH3 group causing it to denature, this means the proteins' secondary and tertiary structures are being altered and refolding into different shapes, this resulting in a change from the substance being clear to turning opaque.[1] As the concentration of the denaturants increases more folding and changing of shape will occur and therefore more denaturing will occur and at a faster rate. From this I can predict that that lowest concentration of the solution is approximately at 0.03m solution.