Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
notion of Christianity &paganism in Beowulf.
notion of Christianity &paganism in Beowulf.
notion of Christianity &paganism in Beowulf.
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: notion of Christianity &paganism in Beowulf.
Pagan and Christian Rituals in Beowulf
Beowulf was written in a time when Christianity was a newly budding
religion in England. Throughout the book there are obvious references to both
Christian and Pagan rituals. The characters in the epic are newly found
Christians who are trying to remain true to their new faith but are weak and
hence, in times of great trouble, they resort back to their Pagan traditions and
gods out of fear. Pagan rituals in the book are usually present only as
reflections of the past or in times of the characters's greatest turmoil.
Otherwise, in times of happiness and rejoicing, they worship their one, almighty,
Christian God.
When Grendel is attacking Herot, and its people think they are in their
greatest danger, the people of Herot "sacrificed to the old stone gods / Made
heathen vows / hoping for Hell's Support, the Devil's guidance in driving their
affliction off." (175-178). With the use of the word "old" in this section, it
can be inferred that the stone gods are things of the past. The rest of the
passage shows that it was because of the doubt and fear, instilled in the people
by Grendel, that the people of Herot regressed back to their old gods. The use
of the word "heathen" shows that the soldiers were already Christian and
reverted back to their old ways.
Soon after this statement, the poem reads:
Beware, those who are thrust into danger,
Clutched at by trouble, yet can carry no solace
In their hearts, cannot hope to be better! Hail
To those who will rise to God, drop off
Their dead bodies and seek our Father's peace!
This says that the people whose fear consumes them to the point that
they lose faith that, after death, their souls will not be granted eternal peace
by the Father, God. This illustrates that the soldiers who have fallen from
faith in their worship are doing so only because of great fear, but that they
are looked down upon by God and good Christians. It says that only those who
will sacrifice themselves and trust in God will be let into Heaven. These
Some may reject the Christian gospel because of a cultural taboo to how they was raised. People in some cultures feel if they believe in God that they will be rejected by family and friends. However some will reject the gospel simply because they have committed a sin. Even though you have sinned does not mean you are not loved. It is hard for some to grasp the idea of there being a higher power out there. Some j...
Miller, Katherine. Organizational Communication Approaches and Proccess. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning 2009.
The paper first compared the broad categories of aid to physical capital with aid to complementary factors of production. It was found that aid to physical capital produces a crowding out effect for private investment but that aid to complementary inputs attracts private investment. Within the category of complementary inputs was social aid and economic aid. Though development in both human capital and infrastructure is important in promoting FDI, foreign aid was found to be relatively unsuccessful in fostering growth in human capital. Therefore, aid to infrastructure was shown to be the most effective form of ODA in attracting FDI.
After the financial crisis of 2008 there has been a dramatic decrease of foreign direct investment (FDI) around the world. Particularly the rapid decline in inflows has affected the recovery speed of FDI around the world. Inflows into Europe contracted by 42% and to North America by 21%, inflows to Australia and New Zealand together declined by 14% 1. However there are few exceptions to the trend, such as the United Kingdom who have managed to keep its FDI attraction. UNCTAD has confirmed that FDI inflows into the UK have risen by 22% 2 over the past year.
Beowulf, an epic poem written in the late tenth-century, in the kingdom of the West Saxons, steeping with pagan tradition, this epic depicts nature as hostile and forces of death uncontrollable. Blind fate chooses random victims and people never feel at peace with the world. Also Beowulf ends as a failure to help heal the wounds of his society. Although there are parts of this statement which can be construed as true, for the most part, it doesn't give Beowulf the credit he deserves. For someone whose life was cut short, Beowulf did many great deeds for his time in the world.
The poem Beowulf is a renowned story that displays many different surroundings and religious beliefs. Some may believe the story of Beowulf portrays pagan beliefs or customs and others believe that the poem is more in agreement with Christian ethnicity. The author of Beowulf uses both Christian and pagan elements in the poem to define the heroic warrior, Beowulf, and the evil dragons. After reading Beowulf the author clearly shows how Beowulf is a man who is filled with Christian customs and is willing to die and defend the world against evil using the help of God.
We all know that the foreign investment is a necessary part of global expansion. Many developed countries prefer to invest developing countries. For instance, the US has invested much more fund in China. Since the initiation of its market reforms in the 1980’s. China has been a preeminent recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI). Until 2011, there is over $1.2 trillion have been invest in China as foreign direct investment, it made Chinese industries has been transformation, and contributed enormously to the nation’s industrial output. In addition, the more foreign manufactures, the more Chinese subsidiaries have dominated (Wei, Xiao & Yuan, 2014).
OECD Publication. 2002. Foreign Direct Investment for Development. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/investment/investmentfordevelopment/1959815.pdf [Accessed 4 March 2014].
obesity is the long-term result of a diet that delivers more calories in than are consumed through
After Jesus’ death the Church of the early years saw many increase in followers and it was then that the name “Christians” started becoming more and more common. Though, due in large to the fact that Christianity was not as wide spread, these next few years following held with them many persecutions from those whom did not
By definition foreign direct investment is the acquisition of tangible assets such as machinery, land and factories; this type of investment are often between two companies- usually multinationals from different countries. FDI is one of the benefits of globalisation as it has a direct impact on aggregate demand having a follow on effect on technology, job opportunities and increased intellectual property owned by countries. In this essay I will discuss some of the factors that affect a country’s disposition to gaining foreign direct investment.
Foreign Direct Investment is a major source of capital for most developed and developing countries. It is usually difficult for countries to generate capital through domestic savings and based on their domestic strengths and capacities alone. It is even more difficult to import up-to date technology from abroad taking into consideration issues of transportation and the technical expertise required for operation,
China's development is praised by the whole world. Its developments are not only in the economic aspect, but as well in its foreign affairs. Compared with other developed countries, China is a relatively young country. It began constructing itself in 1949. After 30 years of growth, company ownership had experienced unprecedented changes. Entirely, non-state-owned companies can now be more involved in sectors that used to be monopolized by state-owned companies.
The rise of Christianity led to many reformations of new absolute monarchs which ruled with divine right. The theology behind each ruler disallowed any other kind of religious faith to popularize orally or eventually through text. As a result, when a certain ruler was unable to maintain power and be overtaken by a neighboring empire the old citizens had to adapt to the new religious beliefs. This occurred repeatedly in Europe especially in the regions known today as England and Wales. The Anglo-Saxons were one of the few who were able to maintain power over a large period of time. During this time period a mysterious scribe or scribes would have written the poem Beowulf. A simple condemnation of Hrothgar can change the entire meaning in the
Figure 1 shows the recent trends in FDI inflows of some developing countries. According to the UNCTAD report of 2011 China has the highest FDI inflows among all the developing countries like Hong Kong, Russia, Singapore, Brazil and India; because China has introduced FDI over 20 years ago and has progressively pursued foreign investment while adjusting its FDI policies. Since 1993, China has attracted the largest amount of FDI of all developing countries while increasing its levels of both exports and technological advancement