Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
How would you like to have a disorder named after you? In 1885 Dr. George Gilles de la Tourette, a pioneering French neurologist, described an 86 year old French nobleman's wife with the condition. After this the disorder became known as George Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome then later it became Tourette Syndrome. That was over a century ago (Tourette 765). That was over a century ago. Now it is estimated that one in every two hundred people show a partial expression of the disorder (Ward 13). Also, approximately one hundred thousand Americans have full blown Tourette Syndrome (Ward 13). A short name for Tourette Syndrome is TS (Inlander 109). A person interested in Tourette Syndrome might examine the definition, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, and the prognosis of the disorder.
Tourette Syndrome is a neurological disorder (Tourette 765). The cause of TS has been traced to genetic ties. It is handed down from one generation to the next generation and so on and so on. It also has not been known to skip generations. It is passed on by a single autosomal gene in a dominant pattern (Ward 13). Scientists have
been able to trace the disorder to chromosome 4 or 8 as a locus for the TS gene (Ward 13). That means that a child with a parent that has the disorder of TS has a 50/50 chance of receiving the chromosome, gene, with the disorder contained upon it.
Tourette Syndrome has a multitude of symptoms. One category of the symptoms is the twitches, or "tics." "Tics" are such things as rapid eye blinking, shoulder shrugging, rapid head jerking, and quick facial movement (Understanding). Another symptom category of TS is the vocal outbursts. The vocal outbursts include things such as grunting, barking, or the usage of foul or inappropriate language at very high volume levels (Harele). All of the symptoms of TS are uncontrollable actions by the person with the disorder (Harele).
The symptoms aid in the diagnosis of a person to having the disorder but they are not the final determinate factor. Specialists use the symptoms listed above in there diagnosis but they use them on a laboratory level. Those are one of the two main items used by specialists to determine that a patient has TS or not.
Tay-Sachs disease is a rear inherited disorder that affects the nerve cells (neurons) in the brain as well as the spinal cord. This disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder rather than a sex-linked disorder like some think. In order to inherit Tay-Sachs disease, the gene must be inherited by both parents (Gravel, 2003). If the gene is inherited only by one parent, then the individuals will only be a carrier and has the potential of passing on this disease to their children. The odds of inheriting Tay-Sachs disease if both parents are carriers are 1-4 (25%). The chromosome responsible for the abnormality or mutation that causes Tay-Sachs disease is chromosome 15. Chromosome 15 is the one that codes for production of the enzyme hexosaminidase A (Hex-A) (Gravel, 2003).
Tourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics usually starting in childhood and often accompanied by poor impulse control (Chiu, 2013, p.405). The disorder is named for Dr. Georges Gilles de la Tourette, the pioneering French neurologist who in 1885 first described the condition in an 86-year-old French woman (ninds.nih.gov, 2013). Tourette syndrome was once considered to be a rare a condition that causes a person to make repeated, quick movements or sounds that they cannot control. These movements or sounds are called tics, but this symptom is only present in a minority of cases.
One out of every 360 children have Tourettes. Tourette’s is a neurological disorder, which means that it takes place in the nervous system. It affects males three to four times more than females. There’s no exact known reason as to why. Symptoms begin at ages three to nine, and typically, the first sign is excessive blinking. This
The four key symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are tremors of the hands, arms, legs, or
...s exist as an inherited disease in some families. The majority of case studies show that the patients affected have no family history of the disease.
This genetic disorder is not specific to a certain age, ethnic group, or gender; theref...
is a hereditary predisposition to this disorder. Also, the way a child is raised can greatly increase
Many symptoms exist with Tourette Syndrome patients. They include involuntary body movements called tics. These consist of but are not limited to eye blinking, arm thrusting, kicking movements, shoulder shrugging, and jumping.
The disorder that is called Cri du Chat Syndrome has known many names. These include, but are not limited to, CdCS, Crying Cat Syndrome, 5p-, 5p minus, amd 5p Deletion Syndrome. It can also be called Monosomy 5p and Lejeune Syndrome. The people that have this disorder show many symptoms, the most recognizable being an underdeveloped larynx, which results in infants producing a high-pitched cry which often sounds like, of all things, a cat. The French name is taken from this symptom; the term Cri du Chat is French for Cry of the Cat (B).
The history of Tourette syndrome is very interesting. Hundreds of years ago those with Tourettes were thought of very differently all around the world. In some countries they were worshiped and in some countries they were considered possessed. Also, in other countries they were considered mysterious and unusual.
The studies support the hypothesis presented because is experiment differentiates how the drug risperidone compared to other drugs efficaciously helps patients with Tourette syndrome. As previously mentioned that it is hypothesized that Risperidone drug is adequate for curing tics in Tourette syndrome. To be able to understand how the drug works, it is compared to other drugs so scientists can determine how the drug Risperidone itself works for patients of Tourette syndrome. The drug is also administered with a placebo effect to see if there is a difference between the drug taken or
When compared to the popular YouTube exploitation of Tourette’s guy, I suppose I faired pretty well from a neuropsychiatric standpoint. See, instead of yelling “FUCK” every thirty seconds at anything from an old lady to a cheese wheel, I simply get little motor tics. Sometimes I have to rub my eyes and blink (in that order), open my eyes wide for a second, or just make some sort of face. Additionally, I have to clear my throat on such a regular basis that my peers think I burn through 2 packs of Marlboros a day....
What is Tourette Syndrome? Tourette Syndrome is a neurological disorder dealing with repetitions of tics, such as movements and spasm, and sounds that are hard for the person to control. According to the Mayo Clinic Staff, tics are sudden, brief, intermittent movements or sounds and the, symbolic sign of Tourette syndrome. Theses tics can range from mild to severe. Severe symptoms might significantly interfere with communication, daily functioning and quality of life. There are two types of tics that can be classifies as simple or complex.
Many people around the world today suffer from Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. A movement disorder is a disorder impairing the speed, fluency, quality, and ease of movement. There are many types of movement disorders such as impaired fluency and speed of movement (dyskinesia), excessive movements (hyperkinesia), and slurred movements (hypokinesia). Some types of movement disorders are ataxia, a lack of coordination, Huntington's disease, multiple system atrophies, myoclonus, brief, rapid outbursts of movement, progressive supranuclear palsy, restless legs syndrome, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, tics, Tourette's syndrome, tremor, Wilson disease, dystonia, which causes involuntary body movement, and Parkinson's disease. Parkinson’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome, and tics are one of the most widely known of these disorders, known to impair people of movements and rob them of their lives.
Tourette Syndrome (TS) is characterized by an inability to control movement, which many times involved hyperactivity, irregular motor patterns, learning difficulties, vocal tics, and OCD. It is thought to be onset by a malfunctioning of the basal ganglia and other cortical circuitry, which leads to motor patterns being disorganized within the patient’s brain. This study aims to examine the motor activation of a TS individual through a functional MRI scan while performing voluntary movements. The researchers hypothesized that because TS is characterized by involuntary movements, they would find less activation in the Supplementary Motor Area (SMA), which normally would co-ordinate, prepare, and execute movements. In this study, the researchers