The Effect of the Amount of Sodium Chloride on the Electric Current During Electrolysis
Background
When an electric current passes through sodium chloride solution,
chemical reactions take place at both cathode and anode. If one passes
through sodium chloride solution, there will be passage of ions moving
through this solution. This results in positively charged sodium ions,
which have been dissolved into the solution, moving towards the
cathode and deposited there. At the same time, negatively charged
chloride ions will be moving towards the anode and discharged at the
anode. This is called electrolysis.
Aim of experiment
My aim is to investigate the effect of the amount of sodium chloride,
i.e. concentration gradient, in the aqueous solution on the electric
current during electrolysis.
Key Factors/ variables that affect the results of the experiment
The experiment carried out aimed to monitor the current during
electrolysis when the amount of sodium chloride was changed. To ensure
a fair test, only one of the listed key variables is allowed to change
at a time with the rest of the variables are kept constant."
This will give me an accurate set of results, which, I hope, enables
me to make a decent conclusion. If we do not control the factors apart
from the concentration we are testing, you can turn around and say
that it was the other factors that had caused the difference and that
it had nothing to do with the concentration. By keeping the factors
controlled and equal, you can prove it is the concentration.
The following factors/variables must be controlled or monitored during
the experiment:
1. Temperature
2. Quantity of solution
3. Voltage
4. Size of electrodes
5. Distance between electrodes
6. Surface on the electrodes
7. Distilled water
I plan to finish the experiment in one day, so the temperature won't
change drastically and use a stop-clock to maintain the time duration
for applying voltage to 10s.
Solid A was identified to be sodium chloride, solid B was identified to be sucrose, and Solid C was identified to be corn starch. Within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there are results that distinguishes itself from the other 4 experimental results within each test. Such as: the high conductivity and high melting point of sodium chloride, and the iodine reaction of corn starch. Solid A is an ionic compound due to its high melting point and high electrical conductivity (7), within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there is only one ionic compound which is sodium chloride, with the test results of Solid A, it can be concluded that is a sodium chloride. Solid B was identified as sucrose due to its low electrical
ED is an electrical system utilizing ion exchange membranes. Ion exchange membranes have permselectivity similar to RO and NF membranes [6]. It is very important to understand the mechanism of permselectivity of ion exchange membranes to design ED system. The transport number ratio between target ion and standard ion has been treated to discuss the permselectivity of ion exchange membrane in ED system [7]. Recently, it was found that the ratio of transport number of several anions to chloride ion changed with the progress of electrodialysis. In this paper, a mechanism of permselectivity of ions in the electrodialysis system is theoretically discussed to make clear the reason why the transport number ratio changes with the progress of deionization in electodialysis process. In addition, the simple way to simulate ED system is proposed.
Possible improvements: If the this task were to be repeated experiments could be conducted to clarify areas of doubt by simply repeating the experiment many times, using different pH levels. The experiment could be repeated multiple with same procedure to verify the results that were collected, to check if the results are reliable and to have more confidence with the conclusion. Another improvement that could be made is improving random errors. There are lists of random errors that we made; for example the measurement of glucose and yeast
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viii. The experiment could have been performed over one a longer period of time day (rather than 14 days), which would have greatly reduced any loss of water from the sodium hydroxide solution, which may have improved results slightly.
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