The Varoius Adaptations to Endurance and Strength Training

The Varoius Adaptations to Endurance and Strength Training

Principles of training is a necessary instrument that should be

applied to every sport and exercise in order that athletes and teams

in training would have specific training objectives and goals to

achieve. Without the principles of training, teams and athletes would

be training blindly and this would lead to overtraining and burn out

resulting in poor performances and therefore loss of interest and

eventually result in the athlete dropping out of the training.

The various principles of training are:

1 Individuality

The training programme should take into account the athletes’

individual differences such as age, sex, level of fitness, motivation

level , recovery and rest time needed, nutrition, physical size etc.

For example, in the training of a soccer team, all members of the

team cannot be pushed with the same intensity of training as members

of the team differ and would need different treatment to bring out the

best in the athlete. The training programme should therefore be

flexible enough to be modified to accommodate differences in the

athletes genetic make up and other factors without compromising on the

standards of training.

2 Overload

The overload principle deals with the demands placed on the body’s

system with regards to training. The body should be allowed time to

adapt to training , starting from basic to intermediate and then

finally to the advanced levels over a period of time when the athlete

can expect to be pushed to the maximum limit. There should be periods

for conditioning of the body for the body to adapt to higher

intensities of training otherwise the coach would run the risk of

injuring the athlete or render the athlete stagnant with no

improvement in performances. If the coach were to train the athlete 12

hours a day for days before a competition , one can be sure that the

athlete would be stale and exhausted on the day of the competition

3 Specificity

This is important because the exercise regime prescribed for the