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Relational database models research
Deductive database
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1. Database Models
The initial development of data storage started with the file system and these files have actually no relation or information of the application using these files. These files are accessed through the application containing the information or name of the files so these files cannot be considered as database but used to store information about the database. The application software is not aware of the structure of the file but as compared to it database management system consists of metadata and it is the responsibility of metadata to translate the files in physical layer as well as creation of logical layer. Conceptually metadata is that data which is stored in the catalog of database that how data is stored in database and how relationship would be developed among data. The example of flat file system is just like an application dealing with customer records through cutomer_data.txt.
1.1 Hierarchical Database Management System
In hierarchical modeling technique the database is bit revolutionized and organized and the scheme is just like the record file indicating the address of certain data or pointing towards the place of actual record. The following example shows that two pointers are clearly pointing towards the web page and street address but for the pointer address or URL could be taken from the record which one step above the actual information or data.
Figure 7. Hierarchical Model
The relationship in this case is parent child with one parent and many children.
1.2 Network Database Management System
Network database model is somewhat similar to the hierarchical data model but this model is first time developed by CODASYL network although initial network database was Honeywell IDS but it was not stand...
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...ile developing this database as everything deals in logical way and any fact which is the part of real world but not presents in the database, never exists for the database.
Deductive database claims to adopt several properties of relational database and declarative property is one these properties. Declarative property is about querying or updating the information according to the requirement without knowing anything about operation. There are two important variations in the deductive database system and these are as follows
• Expert database system
• Knowledge based database system
In the pure deductive system data might be present in the both primary and secondary sections of the memory but in both of the above types data should be present in the primary section. Programming languages which is used to implement deductive system are known as Prolog and Data log.
Deductive reasoning is a logical way to increase the set of facts that are assumed to be true. The purpose of Deductive reasoning is to end up at a logical conclusion based on the subject of discussion. Deductive Reasoning uses statements that are logically true in order to omit other statements that contradict the logically true statement, which is to deduce, subtract or takeaway. What
The next project deliverable is a robust, modernized database and data warehouse design. The company collects large amounts of website data and uses this data to analyze it for the company’s customers. This document will provide an overview of the new data warehouse along with the type of database design that has been selected for the data warehouse. Included in the appendix of this document is a graphical depiction of the logical design of the
A database is a structured collection of data. Data refers to the characteristics of people, things, and events. Oracle stores each data item in its own field. For example, a person's first name, date of birth, and their postal code are each stored in separate fields. The name of a field usually reflects...
Inability of modification of data: The managing of huge data effectively and efficiently for efficient results, storing the details of the consumers etc. in such a way that the database can be modified as not possible in the current system. 2. Not user friendly: The existing system is not user friendly because the retrieval and storing of data is slow and data is not maintained efficiently.
In 1977, Larry Ellison, Bob Miner, and Ed Oates founded System Development Laboratories. After being inspired by a research paper written in 1970 by an IBM researcher titled “A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks” they decided to build a new type of database called a relational database system. The original project on the relational database system was for the government (Central Intelligence Agency) and was dubbed ‘Oracle.’ They thought this would be appropriate because the meaning of Oracle is source of wisdom.
1 Data is stored in separate tables this is the idea of a relational database. Each table stores data about a single individual. There are some rules required for relational database tables. Every row must be constructed in the same way, that is each column must contain data of just one data type.
File system Concept A file is collection of related information recorded on secondary storage by sequence of bits, bytes, lines or records. All data written to secondary storage in file format, which can be numeric, alphabetic, alphanumeric or binary. Attributes of files: - name to which system refers when file participates in process; - file identifier; - file type ( text, source, object, executable); - location; - size; - protection level; - creation / modification date. Operations with files: - creating: defining file place in the system and creating directory entry; - writing: specifying file name and information which file will contain; - reading; - repositioning within file; - deleting: releasing both file space and directory entry; - truncating: erasing file content.
A data network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked devices pass data to each other through data connections. These connections between the devices in the networks are established by using either cable or wireless media. Computer networks differ in the physical media used to transmit their signals, the communications protocols to organize network traffic, the network's size, topology and organizational intent. With the rapid technology era, upgrading the network is an important and vital change in this organization. It will involves lot of cost and time for the management and the users in the organization. But the benefit is really worth it. If the Upgradation is in the Insurance Industry then the main impact will be on the data security and data integration because the data in the company belongs to end users and contains vital information. SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding and analysis this network upgrade project. It would help us to understand our: Strengths and Weaknesses, and for identifying both the Opportunities open to us and the Threats we could face. Below is my SWOT analysis for “Philips Insurance company”.
Dedicated file architecture- Privately designed files are allocated to each and every application. With the application the data structure is deeply embedded and the control of data files is with application.
Deductive logic is logic where genuine properties mature a correct and rational interpretation. This kind of logic interpretation has to be correct, and it uses general guidelines to construct a detailed conclusion. It begins with an original statement, or assumption, then research the chances to achieve a detailed judgement. This form of analysis starts at a usual, theoretical stage, and then works its technique down to a more precise and solid stage. With this kind of logic, if something is establish to be correct for a variety of items, then it is established correct for all items in that group in general.
Deductive reasoning is general information people have and use to reach to some type of conclusion. Deductive is done by understanding the first part which is using logic to reach a conclusion which reasoning is to understand what is going on. There are many different ways to explain what is required of deductive reasoning. For example, in an article, it states, “logical way of reaching a conclusion based on ded...
The three hierarchical layers of the Structure of Management Information are the base data types, object-type and module-identity.
Databases are becoming as common in the workplace as the stapler. Businesses use databases to keep track of payroll, vacations, inventory, and a multitude of other taske of which are to vast to mention here. Basically businesses use databases anytime a large amount of data must be stored in such a manor that it can easily be searched, categorized and recalled in different means that can be easily read and understood by the end user. Databases are used extensively where I work. In fact, since Hyperion Solutions is a database and financial intelligence software developing company we produce one. To keep the material within scope I shall narrow the use of databases down to what we use just in the Orlando office of Hyperion Solutions alone.
The database application design can be improved in a number of ways as described below:
The Database Management System (DBMS) is software that enables the users to define, create, maintain and control the access to the database. It is a software that interact with the user’s applications programs and it database. Meanwhile, information retrieval system is a system that involved the activity that the systems obtain the information. The obtaining information action need the information from it resources.