Infertility is the inability to naturally concieve a child, or to carry a pregnancy full term. This could be down to the male in the partnership, the female, or in some cases, both. Infertility affects approximately 10% of people of reproductive age. Roughly 40% of cases involve a male contribution or factor, 40% involve a female factor, and the remainder involve both sexes. There are several different reasons why a couple may be unable to concieve naturally, if a woman is unable to concieve it may be down to general factors - for example, significant liver disease, Ovarian Factors such as Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Cervical factors such as Insufficient cervical mucus, Vaginal factors such as Vaginal Obstruction or Genetic factors. If the male is however, unable to concieve it may be down to Testicular factors such as an abnormal set of chromosomes, Posttesticular causes such as an infection or even Smoking in some cases. In the cases where both the man and woman are infertile, the couple's infertility is usually because of a combination of these conditions. However, occasionally one partner may be independantly fertile but the couple are unable to concieve together naturally.
There are many different ways in which to treat Infertility. One of the most popular is In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) in which egg cells are removed from the womans body, and are then fertilized outside of the womans womb using either the womans partner or a donors sperm. The fertilised egg (zygote) is then transfered back inside the woman's uterus, bypassing the fallopian tubes. This is used if the male has a low sperm count or low sperm mobility. Children that are a result of IVF treatment are commonly refered to as, 'test tube baies,' - a reference ...
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...s typically recruited by egg donor agencies. Once the egg donor is recruited, she undergoes the IVF stimulation therapy, followed by the egg retrieval procedure. After retrieval, the ova are handed over to the recipient couple, fertilized by the sperm of the male partner in the laboratory, and after several days, the resulting embryo(s) is placed in the uterus of the recipient.
Embryo donation is another form of fertility treatment. This is where both the egg and the sperm come from donors. The egg and sperm are fertilised outside of the body using IVF and are then inserted into the womans womb mechanically. This method may be chosen if both partners are infertile, but the womans womb is capable of carrying a child full-term. The donation process of sperm is much the same as the donation of eggs. It is usually anonymous unless the couple chooses people personally.
Many Christian-funded embryo adoption centers accept embryo donations free of charge so they can match them up with other couples experiencing the struggles of infertility (Christian Embryobank, 2016). Embryo adoption, is essentially like adopting a child, even if the terminology is not always the same. For starters, many women want to experience the joy of carrying a baby in their womb, and embryo adoption can allow them to do that. Christian Embryo bank, 2016).
For many years, infertile couples have had difficulty facing the reality that they can not have children. According to Nidus Information Services Incorporated, 6.2 million women in the United States are infertile. This problem leads to many options. A few options have been used for a long period of time: the couple could adopt a child or keep trying to have a child themselves. For those couples that want to have their own children, there are new options arising. In vetro fertilization is an option that gives couples the chance to have a doctor combine the male's sperm and the woman's eggs in a petri dish and implant them into the woman's womb after the artificial conception. This may result in multiple pregnancies - more than five in some cases. This does not only occur in implantation, however. Many times the patient's doctor will ask her to consider selective reduction: aborting a few fetuses to save the ones she can. In a case of multiple pregnancy, selective reduction should be considered an option.
Fertility is the ability to reproduce, but even though that nature gave all humans this ability, many times there are natural obstacles that prevent human beings from conceived. It is understood as ART the use of diverse artificial technical procedures to achieve a fertilized egg, with the union of the male gametes (sperm) and female (ovum). That union can occur into the body of the woman (ovarian stimulation, artificial insemination, or intracorporeal fertilization) or outside (extracorporeal fertilization). Artificial or assisted, the fact is that the human being with his talent and scientific development is involved in processes that should be natural, but for some reason cannot be. Technique, science, and human talent are combined for the wisdom of a superior Being, God, and consequently bring identical results to the natural reproduction.
Infertility is the inability to conceive any children after 12 months of trying to conceive after having unprotected sex. The infertility condition can be present in both partners. The cause may be physical, including immature sexual organs, abnormalities of the reproductive system, hormonal imbalance, and dysfunction or abnormalities in other organ systems, or it may result from psychologic or emotional problems. There are treatments for men or women like drugs, assisted reproductive technology, in vitro fertilization (IVF), artificial insemination, and surgery.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
In vitro fertilization is the process by which stem cells result. In vitro literally translates to “in glass” which is why the phrase “test tube baby” is common when referring to this act. In cases of infertility a woman can turn to this process which harvests eggs from a female and then fertilizes those eggs in a test tube. The fertilized eggs will then be matured in an incubator for one to two days before they are transferred into the woman. These same steps are taken when creating stem cells for experimentation, however, the fertilized...
Second, many factors contribute to infertility, which can affect either one of the couples. Some factors include:
Many studies have been done pertaining to egg donation and its medical aspect, but very few studies shows the ethical implications of egg donations. Health Laws such as Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act,1992 regulates the advertisement of success rate of fertility clinic. Only few states have federal laws for informed consent from egg donors (1-3). Informed consent means that donor understands all the minor details surrounding the egg donation procedure, its side-effects- medical, legal, ethical and emotional and gives permission to undergo the procedure without hesitation or coercion.
According to M in We Are Egg Donors she mentions, “I have found dozens and dozens of more women with the same struggle. Like me, they have felt used, and abused, and left out in the cold while our bodies forsake us from the procedure while the clinic and government turn their heads” (2013). This is a perfect example of the long-term effects these egg retrieval procedures can cause. Trying to help an infertile couple to try to conceive so that they may experience “creation” itself may leave you infertile and unable to have you own children. In so many cases women suffer of psychological problems, such as feeling guilty for giving their eggs knowing that it later will eventually led to a child, all done for the sake of money. As for men fathering children through IVF, there are men that find themselves wanting to be a part of the child life but unable because they signed a contract. The emotional toll it takes on a child to know she was donor-conceived, later to know that their donor does not want to be contacted and rather maintain anonymity. The spouse that is a parent to the child but is not biologically his/hers can lead to issues between parents and children. Feelings of hatred, envy, regret, unworthiness, and grief as one parent
Fertility is through normal sexual activity or unprotected sex for a year, the ability a couple has to produce a child. Fertility problems are faced by 2.1 million couples. What many people don’t know is that fertility affects women and men equally. For couples with no fertility problems, they don’t realize how fortunate they are. Hundreds of factors must come together to have a successful pregnancy. To become pregnant, an egg has to be released from a woman’s ovary, which is called ovulation. Then, a man’s sperm and a woman’s egg must meet, this process is called fertilization. After that, the fertilized egg must travel through a woman’s fallopian tubes and attach to the uterus wall, which is called implantation. Now, if you were like me you thought it just happened right? I mean you know what is involved to get there but you never really realized how many steps it took. Well if just one of those steps are off, a woman won’t be able to become pregnant.
Cross culturally fertility and childbearing are a major concern due to the significance of passing on heritage, family names, and values to the next generation. Additionally, in many cultures the children are responsible for the care of their parents when they become elderly. Infertility is a universal concern in both Western and developing countries. It is estimated that up to 168 million people across the globe are affected with infertility. The bulk of these cases reside within developing countries (Vayena & Rowe, 2002). When couples are having trouble conceiving a child it is a source of distress for both partners (Helman, 2007, p. 176). This distress can be manifested in a variety of ways that adversely affect the family structure.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2.1 million married couples experience troubles with infertility. Infertility is defined as trying for over a year and not becoming pregnant for women under 35 and trying for six months for women over 35. The cause of the infertility is a male factor one third of the instances, female another third, ten percent of the cause is a combination of both male and female factors and the remaining twenty percent is not apparent. In vitro fertilization is a process that tries to eliminate the problems inherent in the mother and father. It involves an egg is fer...
It is assumed by most that we will all be able to grow up, fall in love, get married, and then have children of our own. This is not the lifestyle that all people choose, but it is still the view accepted by the majority of society. What happens when the unthinkable occurs and a happily married couple is unable to get pregnant? This is a reality for 7.1%, or 2.8 million, of the married couples in the United States (Lenox, 1999). Today, there are many people all over the world that decide to use fertility treatments to help them conceive a child, and this often leads to the birth of twins, triplets, or even higher order multiples. There are many risk factors that are involved in this type of pregnancy, and these issues have created a cloud of debate around this subject.
Test tube babies have long been stigmatized by society as the unnatural results of scientific dabbling. The words `test tube baby' have been used by school children as an insult, and many adults have seen an artificial means of giving birth as something perhaps only necessary for a lesbian woman, or a luxury item only available to the elite few. The reality is that assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have been helping infertile couples have children since 1978.1 The methods of in vitro fertilization, it's variants, and the other ART procedures are ways for persons that would otherwise have no hope of conception to conceive and, in a rapidly growing percentage of cases, give birth to healthy babies. As the technology has developed, the quality and range of assistance has developed as well. At present, the means of assisted reproduction and the capabilities of these procedures has grown at a somewhat dizzying pace. However, thought to the repercussions of the applications of ART are being disregarded to some extent while the public's knowledge and the understanding of embryologists and geneticists surges forward. It is possible given consideration to things such as the morality of these techniques, the unexplored alternative uses of these procedures, and the potential impact they posses that further development is unnecessary and possibly dangerous.
“Managing Infertility.” USNews.com. Stanford University Medical Center, 31 Mar. 2007. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. .