The cornea is critical for vision. Some patients have a loss of sight due to diseases or severe eye trauma, which can result in corneal or limbal epithelial stem cell deficiency. Utilizing the body’s own autologous epithelial stem cells can be implemented in order to help repair and possibly bring eye sight back into patients with diminished eyesight due to these circumstances.
Specific aim 1: Harvesting oral mucosal epithelial stem cells from patients with a certain criteria in order to implement their autologous stem cells onto their cornea.
Certain criteria required to be followed in place for the patient to experience this sort treatment. Patients to be incorporated ought to be the individuals who have a two-sided aggregate limbal- stem cell insufficiency, either because of illnesses, for example, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or extreme eye trauma, for example, concoction smolders. Since these patients don't have a healthy eye keeping in mind the end goal to reap corneal epithelial cells, oral mucosal epithelial cells could be gathered. In place for the oral mucosal epithelial immature microorganisms to be collected, the patients must need to hold fast to specific prerequisites, for example, no tooth rot medicine, no liquor or tobacco utilization, and customary brushing so as to use the sound cells for this transplantation. Oral mucosal epithelium is used on the grounds that it expresses keratin 3, which is additionally expressed by the corneal epithelium. The method keeping in mind the end goal to acquire a little bit of oral mucosal tissue from the patient is clear, and the ensuing wound recuperates inside a few days without occurrence or scarring, which is advantageous to the patient.
Specific aim 2: After harvestin...
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...thelial foundational microorganisms to be reaped, the patients must need to stick to specific prerequisites, for example, no tooth rot medication, no liquor or tobacco utilization, and consistent brushing keeping in mind the end goal to use the sound cells for this transplantation. An ophthalmologic examination visual sharpness, opening light biomicroscopy, tonometry, and backhanded ophthalmoscopy might be utilized as a part of request to focus the levels the patient was preoperative keeping in mind the end goal to think about post operational.
Works Cited
1) http://bjo.bmj.com/content/88/10/1280.full#ref-16
2) http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/wilmer/conditions/stevens-johnson.html
3) http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa040455
4) http://www.cesbank.org/cornealdiseases/bilateralepi.htm
5) http://www.keratoconus.asn.au/Resources-F/EYEresearch.html
Huang, Y., Enzmann, V., and Iidstad, S."Stem cell-based therapeutic applications in retinal degenerative diseases." Stem Cell Rev. 7.2 (2011): 434-445.
The cells unique nature has scientists intrigued to do research with the focus of finding a way that these cells can be used to replace patients’ injured or diseased tissues. Advancement is made to all the three types of stem cells namely embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells in addition to induced pluripotent cells. Embryonic cells are the building blocks of an embryo that is developing, and can develop into almost all body cell types. Somatic cells are found in the body tissues. They renew and regenerate in healthy bodies. The third type which is induced pluripotent is genetically modified embryo cells from skin cells.2 Research on these cells are geared towards saving humanity; a noble course.
Sinus cavity and extraction sockets were totally excluded from this classification because the healing process h...
Moreover, I will let the patient become familiar with any instruments such as a speculum, and demonstrate the tools that will be used to obtain tissue samples that would be used during the examination. Explaining the procedure is also a significant step; this will allow the patient have a sense of control during the examination as we ask and answer questions about their current state, that would help disseminate any concern they may have. Meanwhile, they can learn about what may happen, related to any body sensations or feelings they can experience during the procedure, all while the provider continues to develop rapport and patient’s trust
Candida can be obtained by rubbing a sterile cotton swab over the affected tissue lesions in the mouth and then inoculated in Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA). Another technique is using sterile foam pad that has been dipped in a liquid medium, such as Sabouraud's broth. The pad is then placed on the affected lesions in the mucosal cavity for 30 seconds and then transferred to an agar for culture. The last method is the oral rinse technique which require the patient to hold a sterile phosphate buffered saline in the mouth for one minute. The solution is then inoculated on an agar media at 37oC for 24-48 hours (1).
There are many different types of stem cells that are being looked at for research. These include embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent cells. Embryonic stem cells are cells that have the potential to produce many different cells in the body. They are cells that are tak...
“Top Ten Things to Know About Stem Cell Treatments.” Www.closerlookatstemcells.org ISSCR. Web 1 November 2013
The wide range of prospective uses for stem cells could greatly improve the health and wellbeing of many people. In stem cell treatments, undifferentiated cells are programmed to form specific cells, which can then be transplanted to the afflicted area. Stems cells can possibly treat afflictions including “Alzheimer’s diseases, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis” (“Stem Cell Basics”). Another important use is in drug testing. Drugs can be tested on stem cells that develop into the target tissue before using it on human test subjects, which improves safety. Finally, transplantation of organs created from stem cells could eliminate the need for human...
Infection control is a central concept to every practice of health care providers. Its main objective is to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases from both patients and health personnel (Martin et al., 2010). In dental clinic, infection control is a continuous concern for its professionals. They have to contact patients routinely and be exposed to their blood, saliva, dental plaque and pus that may contain infectious pathogens. It is important for the dental professionals to treat these fluids as if they are infectious and special precautions must be taken to handle them. In this essay, I will highlight the scope of infection control practices in dental clinics and the ways through which infectious microorganisms are transmitted in the dental clinic. Also, I will talk about some infection control guidelines implemented in dental clinics and how they meet the needs of the patients. Finally, from a personal perspective, I will mention some factors that affect the implantation of infection control guidelines and procedures.
Brunner, L.S. & Suddarth, D. S Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, 1988 6th ed. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia
The role of the nurse in the preoperative area is to determine the patient’s psychological status to help with the use of coping during the surgery process. Determine physiologic factors directly or indirectly related to the surgical procedure that may cause operative risk factors. Establish baseline data for comparison in the intraoperative and postoperative period. Participate in the identification and documentation of the surgical site and or side of body on which the procedure is to be performed. Identify prescription drugs, over the counter, and herbal supplements that are taken by the patient that may interact and affect the surgical outcome. Document the results of all preoperative laboratory and diagnostic tests in the patient’s record
...there are some risk factors in using stem cell for therapeutic approaches, hematopoietic stem cell therapy by bone marrow transplantation has already been proofed to be safe if donors’ background and screening, cell contamination, HLA matching and opportunistic or nosocomial infections during immunocompromised period were carefully monitored and controlled. Still, other types of stem cell therapies, despite of their good therapeutic efficacy, are remain in experimental stage and need more data to support and demonstrate the safety in clinical trials. More understanding of stem cell biology is also required in order to keep stem cell under controlled and avoid some complications that they might cause. So, to pave the way for successful stem cell therapy, research in this extent is needed to pursue to maximized therapeutic efficiency with highest safety in patients.
The idea of organ transplants has been around for centuries, tracing back to myths by ancient Greeks and other early civilizations but people were unable to perform any surgeries for many years because they did not have the right technology and science to keep someone alive with a transplant. In the 1700’s, a Swiss naturalist, Abraham Trembley, observed the powers of organ regeneration in a tiny pond animal he called the hydra but could not do much with the information he gathered (Markovitz 98). It was in the early 1900’s when doctors started to try transplanting organs from one living thing to another. During this time, European doctors had patients dying of renal failure. In order to save them, they transplanted kidneys from different animals into them such as monkeys, pigs, and goats. Unfortunately, they were not successful and the patients never lived for more than a few days. Though organ transplants had not been successful, in 1905, Eduard Zirm, an Austrian ophthalmologist, was able to perform the world’s first corneal transplant. The procedure gave sight to a man who had been blinded in an accident. It was a good start to human transplants, but they were still a long way away. “In 1912, Alexis Carrell received a Nobel Prize for his work in the field. The French surgeon had developed methods for connecting blood vessels and conducted successful transplants on d...
Researchers in this field are seek to know how stem cells can be used to develop into specialized cells or tissue, which aims restore lost function in damaged organs or even grow new fully functioning organs for transplant.
Although the importance of aseptic technique has been continually reiterated, I have realised its substantial role in the perioperative environment. Aseptic technique refers to the practice of creating and maintaining a sterile environment used for sterile procedures (Laws, 2010a). This is incredibly important as repetitive minor breaches of the sterile environment is one of the major factors increasing the risk of surgical site infection (Harrop et al., 2012).