INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Wireless sensors Deployment 2 1.2 Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks 3 1.3 The Physical Architecture of WSANs 3 1.4 Difference between WSNS and WS 4 1.5 Requirement of WSNs 5 2. Wireless Ad-Hoc Network 5 3. Current Issues and solution 6 3.1 Key management issue for future 9 4. Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications of WSNs 10 5. Conclusion 11 6. References 12 List of figures
A wireless sensor network is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors.They have the ability to monitor the physical as well as the environmental conditions.It is being widely adopted as a promising solution to numerous numbers of challenges which are being faced today. Sensor nodes, also known as motes, not only have limited amount of storage as well as processing capability which is a severe problem but also another constraint is the limited amount
Summary Underwater wireless sensor networks are significantly different from terrestrial sensor networks in which sound is mainly used as the communication medium. This paper reviews the main challenges caused by the underwater environment for the development of efficient under water sensor networking solutions and introduces several novel medium access control (MAC) protocols with power control to increase efficiency and save on energy. I. Introduce Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) has received
Survey on wireless sensor networks: Many recent advancements which took place in the wireless communications and electronics is the reason which enabled development of cost effective sensors, and those sensors are used for various applications like in household, military and other areas. The networks still have some technical problems which still need to be fixed and are currently being researched. Primarily a wireless sensor network is a group of spatially spread sensors which are deployed to monitor
Related Work The key management problem is an bigger issue in sensor field. Each and every sensor nodes are needed to transmit the node, then only the data’s are reached to base station, so each and every sensor node within a group need an keys to transmit the data. While attacker entered and also get the full access of sensor node, and ready to hack data, but they need to wait. Because the node are none of the keys at the time, transmitting time only the nodes get access of keys from the cluster
As the Fig 1 showing, the node which generates the packet is the source node. There are many sensor nodes in a 3-D interest area. The packet is delivered among these sensor nodes and finally try to reach one sink node. Sink nodes are deployed on the water surface. In the figure, it is a multiple-sink topology. Multiple sinks equipped both radio-frequency and acoustic modems are fixed on the water surface.The packet is assumed delivered successfully if it reaches any one of the sink nodes because
A sensor node is also known as a mote (mostly in North America). This sensor node in a wireless sensor network is capable of performing some processing, gathering of sensory information and communicating with other connected nodes in the network. It must be clearly understood that a mote is a node but a node is not always a mote. Although wireless sensor nodes have existed for decades and used for applications as diverse as earthquake measurements to even warfare, the latest development of small
3.1. Traditional Network architecture vs IDRA 4 3.1.1. Information driven approach redefines the role of protocols. 5 3.1.2. Decoupling of the protocol logic and packet representation 5 3.1.3. The system stores all packets in a shared queue 5 3.1.4. Dynamic protocol selection 6 3.1.5. Smaller Memory footprint 6 3.1.6. Legacy support 7 3.1.7. Service Virtualization 7 4. References 8 1. Introduction The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects
autonomous off-road vehicles. Journal of Terramechanics 50 (2013) 211–232, Table 1: Retrieved from: Gray K, Obstacle detection sensor technology. In: Proceedings of the ASAE conference in automation technology for off-road equipment, Chicago, Illinois, USA; July 26–27, 2002. p. 442–50., Table 2: Retrieved from: Adamchuk VI,Hummel JW, Morgan MT,Upadhyaya SK , On-the-go soil sensors for precision agriculture. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 44 (2004) 71–91,
Introduction Body area networks (BAN) are a form of wireless personal area network (WPAN) and it has recently been accepted as 4th generation mobile communications systems taking the form of human to human networking incorporating wearable sensors and communication. BAN is normally thought of as wireless sensor networks (WSN) however in this paper we try to elaborate on how BAN works. BAN can take various forms, it incorporates the use of sensors which can be found in, on or around the body and it
Introduction Background A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of distributed sensors to monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or detect dimensions, to pass their data through the network to a base station for processing. Advantages of WSN over a wired system considered in elimination of wiring cost, sensors can be installed in harsh environments. Each sensor node is a combination of Radio transceiver with an internal antenna or connection
I have been programming in C/C++ for six years, including bachelor degree tenure. During the academic years, the degree curriculum covered many courses which involved C/C++ programming such as Introduction to Programming in C, Data Structures, Object Orient Programming, System Programming, Computer Graphics, etc. Some of these courses included C/C++ projects as an essential part of the course. In Data Structures, our team of two students had developed Airline Management System in C. In the project
What is ITS? Is the application of advanced and emerging technologies (computer, sensor, control, communication and electronic devices) in transportation to save lives, time, money, energy, effort and the environment. Intelligent Transportation systems include Information Technology and all types of communication in vehicles, between vehicles, between vehicles and fixed location, ITS is not for Road transport only it also include rail, water and air transport. About ITS ITS is from Intelligent Transportation
1.0 INTRODUCTION Computer-based information system (CBIS) is a computer which plays the major role and with it there are six components that support the process such as people, hardware, software, telecommunications, database and procedure. Each of these components plays their part in ensuring the system run as instructed. Along with those components, the basic requirement is power and/or electricity. This is because without electricity, there will be no process can be done. People People or information
Introduction to Wireless Networks 2.1Basic Concepts of a Communication Network Initially, before defining that what is a wireless network and how it works, firstly it is important to know some basic concepts like: what is a communication network in general, the services that it offers, the needed components for operation and normally it’s necessary to know some information about wired network because it is difficult to understand how works a wireless network before knowing how works a wired network, and
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The breakthrough of wireless technology has introduced new possibilities for healthcare. These wireless networks allow connection and control between computers, handheld devices, printers, scanners, and other peripherals without the hassle of cords and cables. They provide crucial mobility that is necessary in the modern hospital. In areas of constant activity, such as the ER, the ICU, and the surgical recovery room, immediate information such as a patients test results would
without altering its real world impact. An intelligent computer will contribute towards solving a problem without the user being able to feel its presence. An example can be ‘Siri’ on an ‘iPhone’ mobile device. Siri is a computer software that uses sensors and microphone to conduct voice recognition. It captures questions and produces relevant answers. iPhone thereby provides computing in the form of Siri without its users actually feel the existence of an inbuilt computer software. Now-a-days computing
Most Common Wireless Networking Access Methods Wireless communication has created an ever-evolving need for devices that are faster and applicable to a variety of lifestyle situations. As new devices are created, security measures have to be implemented and policies have to be adapted as the way we live changes in response to the technology available to us. Two of the most common wireless communication access methods are Bluetooth and WiFi. Bluetooth technology creates personal area connections
paper is going to discuss wireless security from a broad view where I will go into why exactly wireless security is so important, especially today as the ways in which we are communicating is changing dramatically. From there I will discuss the multiple wireless securities that are available to give a better understanding of the options given. Then I will go into why exactly not protecting your wireless can be so dangerous with some descriptions of the most dangerous wireless attacks out there today
towards technology play a vital role in adopting a set method in determining how to instruct with wireless laptops (Kervin & Mantei, 2010). Alternatively, the way teachers perceive technology will hypothesize a key determinant of the nature of this quantitative, pre-experimental study. In this study, the reason why teachers do not routinely and effectively use available technology such as wireless laptops in K–12 classrooms will be examined. To take full advantage of technology, while reducing