the German Liberals. Bismarck was the first German chancellor from 1871 to 1890. During his time as chancellor he shaped Germany into the state it was before the First World War, bringing about a number of reforms to further the Germany he envisioned. One of the main conflicts Bismarck encountered was with the Catholic Church. The problem of dual loyalty with Germany and papal infallibility, and the threat the well organised Church was to Bismarck, resulted in political war. Bismarck aimed:
Unification Tactics and Moves Throughout history many different countries have been divided, strengthened and reunited. Two major countries that underwent division and reunification were Germany and Italy. Bismarck had used many different tactics, some successful and some unsuccessful, to strengthen and better unify Germany. The tactics that Bismarck utilized can be saw also by Abraham Lincoln in the United States. In Italy, Garibaldi and Cavour had attempted to bring the states and regions of Italy back
grew in popularity as political ideologies. Although prevalent in many european countries throughout the two centuries, the two forces were most influential in Germany.Socialism was created by Karl Marx in Germany and nationalism had been present since the birth of the nation. There in Germany the relationship between the two fluctuated heavily. Nationalism and socialism were also important factors in the history of countries like Russia, France and Italy. Nationalism was used to unite certain groups
This is Jimson Heng from T2B2 and I will be talking about Leni Riefenstahl, a German film director, photographer, actress and dancer who was most well known for directing the Nazi Party propaganda film, Triumph of the Will, and for being the first female film director to achieve critical acclaim. Leni Riefenstahl was born in Berlin into a German Protestant family as Helene Bertha Amalie on 22 August 1902. (Riefenstahl 3) When she was 16, she started dance and ballet classes at the Grimm-Reiter Dance
emergence of nationalism in the 19th century brought the proclamation of socialism, innovative political parties expressive of a broad spectrum of interest and, The demise of religion in governmental sectors. the triumph of nationalism remade territorial boundaries and forged new relations between the nation-state and its citizens. the new generation of nationalists rejoiced in the strength of their unity and, the nation-state
Autonomy and Responsibility in the Nazi Regime: Germany 1933-1939 Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles reads: "The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies."(1) These words fueled the Nazi Party's rise to power and ignition
Between the time of 1933-1945 Adolf Hitler was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer of Nazi Germany. The psychological tactics employed by the Nazi Party were the primary factors resulting in fascism attaining a mass following in Germany. Psychological warfare, also known as ‘PSYWAR’ takes many different forms including propaganda, threats and other psychological techniques to intimidate, mislead, demoralize or otherwise influence the thinking or behaviour of an opponent. Hitler used
Within the context of the years 1789-1890, to what extent was the process of the unification of Germany shaped by war? Introduction: Previously to 1815 in central Europe, Germany consisted of 39 independent states, belonging to the Holy Roman Empire, which shared the same culture and language. In 1806 there was a shift in power as Napoleon I destroyed the Holy Roman Empire and 17 states were placed under direct French control in the Confederation of the Rhine. However, Prussia was determined to
Kubizek, who were both there to study music. As he spent time in Vienna he developed a growing hatred toward non-Aryans, a supposedly perfect race of non-Jewish, pure blooded Germans with blue eyes and blond hair. In 1913, Hitler moved to Munich, Germany, where the Austrian Army called him for a physical examination and was found unfit for service, but Hitler volunteered immediately to become a messenger and was accepted. He was in the Western front for the majority of the war, taking part in some
The Weakness of the Nazi Party in the 1920s During the years 1924 to 1928 Germany enjoyed a period of relative economic prosperity and political and social stability. Stresemann and Schachts work at rebuilding the economy with the Rentenmark had had good effect, and the Dawes Plan allowed the annual repayments to be reduced. Prices were stable and relatively low which meant that German society was stable, because of this there seemed to be no room for extremist political views and people
radical document for its time, but it did much more than shock the public. The Communist Manifesto made the oppressed conscious of their status and influenced the unity of the working class. It also influenced the revolutions of 1848, it formed the basis of the reorganization of the Communist League and the demands of the Communist party, it influenced other radicals to take action, and it significantly influenced all subsequent Communist literature. The Communist Manifesto made the oppressed people
livelihood of both industrial workers and those who gained a modest toehold in the middle class. Unemployment soared everywhere, and in both Germany and the United States it reached 30 percent or more by 1932. Vacant factories, soup kitchens, bread lines, shantytowns and beggars came to symbolize the human reality of this economic disaster.” (Strayer, 990) Like Germany, the Western democracies were economically in trouble and looking for stability and recovery. The United States’ response to the Great
which is held in such high regards. The most recognized name that goes along with Fascism is Germany’s Adolf Hitler, a founder of the Nazi party who rose to power in 1933. Some of the central mythic goals of National Socialist movement in 1930’s Germany were to: activate “the people” as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies, to create a pure nation of unity, and to establish ultimate control of one supreme leader, Hitler, from whom all power proceeds downward. Nationalism thus became a central
down Germany. The fall of Germany will always be remembered as a significant breakthrough in history that resulted from the cooperation of the Allied Powers. A decision was made to split Germany into four different sections, each under the separate rule of The United States, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union. Unfortunately, the separation of territory caused tensions to rise. The once mutual relationship quickly turned into a competitive and aggressive standoff between East Germany and
constant oppression of the working class will serve as thesis. The antithesis would come with the unification of the proletariats, forming the trading unions. The role of synthesis is given to the emergence of political democracy and mass political parties. The time period from 1860 to 1914 is defined by the surfacing of the "mass societies." The social order practically ignored the industrial proletariat and the foundation for a reform was laid. The industrial proletariat refers to all the workers
Education in Germany can be traced back to the middle ages, where it existed in the form of church schools. It has come a long way from then and Germany is now considered to have one of the top education systems in the world. Of course it did not start off that way, and it took centuries of history and change to be shaped into how we know it today. During the protestant reformation, Martin Luther- a German monk and catholic priest- advocated the importance of education so that people can learn
Oxford Dictionary defines totalitarianism as ‘a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state’ . A totalitarian regime possesses power over affairs of the state and its inhabitants under one party and bears no opposition. A key attribute of a totalitarian government is that is looks to shape the mind and actions of society through determination, philosophy, and in general, force. Historians argue that in Nazism, ‘the value of the totalitarian
government-sponsored legislation to regulate business over time. Although there were many advantages including improving the standard of living and national unity; however, there were also disadvantages because socialism didn’t eliminate poverty nor the social evils inherent in a market-based economy. The economic system of socialism was implemented in Germany during the 19th century through legislation. In some ways, socialism was successful because it lowered the number of unemployed people and it provided
were to all breakaway, then there would be no more Austrian Empire. Nationalists movement happened all across Europe. The major movements took place in Ireland, Germany, Poland, and Italy. Nationalism was not an ideology that was confined to the 19th century, however. It was used to great success by the National Socialist Party in Germany in the 1930s and 1940s as they desired a unification of all the German-speaking people. All of this shows that nationalism was indeed one of the most important
Hitler posed this question to the German people in 1923. The face of post World War I Germany was truly battered, in all senses of the word. Germany had lost the war politically, which essentially meant emotionally. The country had no sense of leadership, and was suffering from many economic hardships. With the loss of the war, came the humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles. Within the treaty, many demands of Germany were made which nearly raped her of her economic capacities. Industries had suffered