According to the Encyclopædia Britannica (2014), a neural tube defect is “any congenital defect of the brain and spinal cord as a result of abnormal development of the neural tube.” This birth defect is “the most common congenital defect of the central nervous system, affecting the brain and/or spinal cord of 300,000 newborns worldwide each year” (Ricks et al., 2012, p. 391). The exact cause of these central nervous system defects is unknown, but there are many contributing factors that are evidenced
approximately nine months, the greatest amount of cellular differentiation takes place during the first eight weeks of pregnancy. This period is called embryogenesis. During the first week after fertilization, which takes place in the Fallopian tube, the embryo starts to cleave once every twenty-four hours (Fig. 1). Until the eight or sixteen cell stage, the individual cells, or blastomeres, are thought to have the potential to form any part of the fetus (Leese, Conaghan, Martin, and Hardy
Anemia is a condition where you blood does not make enough healthy red blood cells. One of folic acids functions is to produce red blood cells. Birth defects tend to occur within the first 3-4 weeks of pregnancy. The practice of good nutrition also plays a major role in the development of the child. There is a study that shows that women that consume folic acid for at least a year before getting pregnant
is impossible to talk about human-being excluding the health-related factors. There is a well-known birth defect, but often unforeseen: Spina Bifida. Also referred as cleft spine, spina bifida, is a birth defect that affects the spinal column. It progresses from a “split like opening” in the spinal vertebrae, and it is also the most common of a group of birth defects known as neural tube defects, which affect the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). “About 1,500 to 2,000 babies of the 4
Encephaloceles Encephaloceles are rare disorders that are caused by a neural tube defect in which the bones of the skull fail to close completely. This failure to close allows cerebral spinal fluid, brain tissue, and the meninges to push through the gap and create a sac-like formation protruding from the skull. Encephaloceles differ from meningoceles in that meningoceles contain only the meninges and cerebral spinal fluid, whereas encephaloceles involve brain tissue being pushed through the sac
vitamins and minerals during preconception and is said to prevent congenital defects, primarily neural tube defects in children. However, various studies suggest that folic acid supplementation is not directly correlated with the prevention of neural tube defects, but other factors such as socioeconomic status, healthcare, and education come into play (Banhidy, 2011). The use of folic acid to prevent neural tube defects is widely accepted and recommended by health professionals and researchers alike;
Services Task Force. (2009). Folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 150, 626–631. Wald, N. J. and Bower, C. (1995) Folic acid and the prevention of neural tube defects. British Medical Journal, 310, 1019-1020. Werler M, Shapiro S, Mitchell A.(1993) Periconceptional folic acid exposure and risk of occurrent neural tube defects. JAMA. ;269:1257 Youngson, R. M. (2005). Encyclopedia of family
Birth defects such as neural tube defects are highly preventable with the right education and care. Nurses can make strides in reducing the amount of children born with neural tube defects (17% of all newborns) in a number of different ways. Whatever method nurses choose to relay information related to preconception nutrition and its effect on pregnancy
pregnancies in the United States were reported unintended on a national survey.1 The highest rate of preventable birth defects and mental retardation is due to alcohol use.2 In this paper, I will further discuss FAS, the potential effects of binge drinking during the embryonic stage of gestation, and what actions need to be taken in order to reduce the incidences of alcohol related birth defects. Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy Alcohol is an ethanol containing substance that is a common beverage in
pregnant, an ultrasound can also detect a birth defect. There are many different birth defects that can be detected by an ultrasound during pregnancy like Spina Bifida, Down syndrome, and abnormalities with the heart and lower urinary tract, and the importance of detecting them with an ultrasound is shown in the benefits of discovering the birth defect early, and the options it gives the parents after discovering the birth defect. A neural tube is a tube that begins developing in an embryo that eventually
Gastrulation is one of the most important phases in the life of multicellular organisms. Blastula, a single layered cell structure converts into trilaminar structure with three layers, known as gastrula. The word ‘gastrula’ means stomach, since stomach (archenteron) is the first thing formed during gastrulation. There are basically three main events that occur during gastrulation. These are as follows; 1. Formation of three primary germ layers. 2. Basic body plan and body axes are established. Three
problem and it should not go unnoticed. We need to educate people on the importance of this defect and what can be done about it. In Jan Tecklin’s book, Pediatric Physical Therapy, he states that “spina bifida is the second most common birth defect after Down syndrome” (163). Spina bifida includes any birth defect where the spinal canal is not completely closed. It is considered to be a neural tube defect or an NTD. The
There are many disabilities that affect the Musculoskeletal System. One disability is Spina Bifida, which is a series of spinal cord defects caused by abnormal fetal development. We don’t know all the causes of spina bifida. Genetics and the environment may play a role in causing spina bifida. Spina bifida can range from mild to extreme. Some people may have little to no disability while others people may be limited in the way they move. Some people may even be paralyzed or unable to walk or move
abortion is murder, but abortion will most likely stay legalised in most Australian states like it is currently, and it will most likely stay that way. There are variables that could affect her choice. She could be poor, the child could have a birth defect, and so on. Giving her a right to decide whether she should abort the baby it’s entirely her choice. What if the mother was raped or she got pregnant from incest. Would you traumatise this mother with the child of the rapist for 9 months, and would
spine, or spinal column (neural tube defects), such as:
and joint aches are normal. Treatment depends on how serious the case is. Arteriovenous Malformations Arteriovenous malformations are abnormal tangles of blood vessels w... ... middle of paper ... ...e the most common group of congenital defects. defects of the bloods vessels leading into and out of the heart. Hypoplastic left heart, where the left side of the heart and bloods don't develop properly, is an example of a common cardiac abnormality Clubfoot Clubfoot occurs in 1 in 1,000 births
about what constitutes scientific misconduct. This is the case relating to radiology (ultrasound technologist) in which plaintiff brings a medical misconduct claim against a radiologist and ultrasound technologist for the failure to detect neural tube defects of the fetus at 22 week gestation. The plaintiff also claimed on behalf of her infant
Introduction Over the past two decades, new research has significantly enhanced humans’ understanding of the brain’s development and function. Consequently, the effect of nutrition on brain development is increasingly acknowledged. Therefore, this report aims to evaluate the importance of nutrition for children’s cognitive development. Cognitive development is the growth in thinking and learning skills such as problem-solving and memory, which continues from childhood into adolescence and throughout
or abnormalities in the shape or cavity of the uterus. These are mostly caused by benign tumors known as fibroids. Fibroids may cause infertility by blocking the fallopian tubes or interfering with implantation of the fertilized egg Fallopian tube damage or blockage: This is as a result of inflammation of the fallopian tube. This can result from pelvic inflammatory disease, usually caused by sexually transmitted infection, endometriosis or adhesion. Other causes of poor functioning fallopian t
Congenital- relating to a condition that is present at birth, as a result of either heredity or environmental influences: Anomalies- something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected. Congenital anomalies are also known as birth defects, congenital disorders or congenital malformations. Congenital anomalies can be defined as structural or functional anomalies (e.g. metabolic disorders) that occur during intrauterine life and can be identified prenatally, at birth or later (within