Necrotizing fasciitis is a bacterial infection that is very serious and sometimes fatal. This disease spreads very quickly and destroys soft tissue in your body. This disease is caused by multiple bacteria: group A strep, E.coli, Klebsiella (causes pneumonia), Clostridium (causes diarrhea), Staphylococcus (causes staph infections), and Aeromonas hydrophila (causes diseases in almost all organisms, hard to resist). The bacteria group A strep is the leading cause for necrotizing fasciitis. One of the
Necrotizing Fasciitis (flesh eating bacteria ) from an essay by Katrina Tram Duong, edited by S.N. Carson M.D. Necrotizing fasciitis, known commonly known as "flesh eating bacteria [infection]", occurs in a wide range of people 1. It occurs in the elderly, middle aged and younger patients. It occurs in athletes and debilitated individuals. It can occur in drug abusers with self inflicted wounds and healthy individuals with incidental injuries. It may occur in those with metabolic disorders such
Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A streptococcus (GAS), is a β-hemolytic, Gram-positive bacterium that most commonly causes respiratory disease, including pharyngitis or tonsillitis, as well as skin infections such as impetigo and cellulitis. The organism is transmitted via respiratory droplets or by contact with fomites, and commonly infects young children. In addition to the common clinical presentations associated with S. pyogenes, some individuals develop the postinfectious sequelae
changes, MRI to record very early marrow necrosis not detectable by CT and tests for haemodynamic functions (intramedullary pressure measurements and venography) for vascular stasis. Patients may present with pain in hip which is due to subarticular increased intravenous pressure in early stages of osteonecrosis marrow oedema, necrosis and also due to increased intracystic pressure associated with degenerative changes of hip in advanced stages of necrosis. In advanced stages, there may be collapse
Descriptions of ritual circumcision span across cultures, and have been described in ancient Egyptian texts as well as the Old Testament. With this being said, “The American Academy of Pediatrics believes that circumcision has potential medical benefits and advantages, as well as risks. Evaluation of current evidence indicates that the health benefits of newborn male circumcision outweigh the risks and that the procedure's benefits justify access to this procedure for families who choose it, however
McCance, 2012, p 754). When the body fails to restore blood volume or blood pressure, cells injury can occur and cause acute tubular necrosis or acute interstitial necrosis. Causes of intra-renal dysfunction are due to acute tubular necrosis from post-ischemic or nephrotoxic causes. Acute tubular necrosis can be caused by glomerulopathies, acute interstitial necrosis, vascular damage, malignant hypertension, coagulation defects, renal artery/vein occlusion, and bilateral acute pyelonephritis (Huether
excess loss of skin, redundant foreskin resulting in circumcision revision, penile adhesions, meatitis/meatal stenosis, urethrocutaneous fistula, glanular necrosis/glanular amputation
discuss the current research of the pharmacological treatments of this condition and to evaluate the relevance of this research in relation to the practise of paramedics. The term acute myocardial infarction is used when talking about myocardial necrosis in a setting consistent with myocardial ischemia (Steg, et al., 2012). Acute myocardial infarctions are the major cause of disability and death worldwide. Myocardial infarctions can be one of the first signs of acute coronary syndrome and they can
inflamed. Pressure against the distended wall of the gallbladder decreases blood flow. Ischemia, necrosis, and perforation
calcifications or some appear as very lucent areas in the affected bone. As the tumor grows it begins to lift the periosteum away from the cortical bone, and new bone begins to form in its place demonstrating a sunburst pattern (60% of patients). Necrosis of bone and surrounding tissue may begin as well as the formation of malignant cartilage (75% of patients). Osteosarcoma is often diagnosed through several different imaging modalities. Some of with include diagnostic x-ray to show different densities
process and mediate communication among cells. Cytokines are a type of small proteins released by cells that have an effect on the behavior of other cells. There are several different types of cytokines including interleukins, interferons, and tumour necrosis factor. Many different types of cells can produce cytokines, such as immune cells like macrophages, mast cells, and B lymphoctyes. Cytokines are especially important in the immune system because they help coordinate that balance between the cell-based
Lovas JGL, in 1986 conducted a study, apoptosis in human epidermis by electron microscopy, on skin samples excised from the middle of the medial aspect of the upper arm of m106 consecutive autopsy cases. The time interval between death and biopsy was less than 24 hours in all but three cases. The tissue was fixed overnight in, the tissues were stained Thick sections for light microscopic (LM) survey were stained with toluidine-blue. Thin sections for EM were stained with uranyl acetate
1) Which of the following is used to distinguish the diagnosis of MI (Myocardial Infarction) from that of Unstable angina? a) Serum levels of Cardiac Biomarkers (Troponin, CK-MB) b) Electrocardiograph (ECG) test c) The presence of S4 Heart sound d) Pain lasts for less than 5 minutes in an MI Rationale The correct answer is A because serum levels of cardiac biomarkers such as troponin and CK-MB are used for the final diagnosis of Myocardial infarction (STEMI, NSTEMI). Electrocardiograph (ECG) testing
the permanent loss of function and deformity of her third, fourth and fifth fingers. These damages occurred following infiltration of vesicant Mitomycin that was administered intravenously in her hand. Two weeks after the infiltration, Yolanda had necrosis in her hand and this resulted in multiple surgical procedures and consequent permanent loss of function and deformity of her
The geographic location of the patient is important in the diagnosis of monkeypox, as the disease usually occurs in remote villages in the tropical African rain forests. Differentiation from chickenpox is important; the latter appears in successive crops so that lesions at various stages of development are visible at any time. In contrast with smallpox, the distribution of chickenpox is 'centripetal' with more lesions on the trunk than on the face and extremities. For definitive diagnosis, scabs
Cardiovascular disease has become an increasingly significant issue in many countries as it is the leading cause of death for the whole human population. According to World Health Organization, ischemic heart disease had caused about 7 million people to lose their life in 2011. One of the most common cardiovascular illnesses is myocardial infarction. It is defined as the death of cardiac myocytes due to complete blockage of a coronary artery. t-PA is a thrombolytic drug that used to treat myocardial
Lower back pain is reported to be the most common symptom experienced by chiropractic patients (1). Lower back pain can often result from trauma, degenerative changes or postural stress (1). However, patients with uncommon causes of back pain also present to chiropractic offices. One such example is acute pancreatitis (1). Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially life threatening gastrointestinal disorder characterised by the sudden inflammation and haemorrhaging of the pancreas resulting from tissue
Papillary necrosis is defined as a disorder of the kidneys when a part or all of the papillary (area where the opening of the collecting ducts enter the kidney and where urine flows into the ureters) dies. The most common cause of papillary necrosis is the overexposure and use of pain medications (Ruggenenti, Cravedi, Remuzzi 2012). Interstitial nephritis is the condition where
Drug-induced hepatitis is a common disease that affects patients taking certain type of medications. The presentation of these patients include jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting.3 This case report will describe a middle aged gentleman with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) and Hepatitis C who had just started on Highly Active AntiRetroviral Therapy (HAART) and had been rechallenged with antituberculosis drugs (anti-TB) who presented with signs of
phospholipids, proteins, and lipids, ultimately pushing a self-destruction button on biological membranes. Scar tissue results after inflammatory reactions act to remove the debris that is left behind. While TBI may cause cell death in the form of necrosis, it may also cause programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Neurons that are affected by this kind of automated destruction are physically unabridged at the beginning stage of injury and are reasonably functional, but the effects of injury are seen