works. Thin Layer Chromatography is a way in which we can separate components of mixtures and identify qualities about their chemical nature. The TLC plate is made of a silica gel which plays an integral role in the distance the different samples will travel, which we will discuss later. For now, it is important to know that Silica gel is very polar. The solvent, which is what you are placing the TLC plate in, is also very important in determining the distance the spots will travel. The different
column, where the changes in the solvent polarity assists in eluting the desired compounds to separate fractions. Each fraction solvents can then be evaporated to obtain the compounds of interest. Through TLC, a thin layer of polar and hydrophilic silica gel on an inert sheet is used to spot the sample on the bottom of the sheet and is then developed in a jar of eluent, where through
Background Twist1 (class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 38) is a transcription factor, that promotes the stability of upstream regulation through phosphorylation and ubiquitination, during early development.5 The various functional properties of Twist1 were first discovered in Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. This syndrome results from a mutation that causes Twist1 to lose its function, leading to coronal synostosis (cranium disfigurements) and impediments in mental capacity.6 Similarly, cancerous
diffraction, D: Surface properties 1. Introduction One of the Science, Technology and Society challenges is the resulting pollutions from the production of nuclear power that human is faced today. Nuclear power has been widely applied in the world and provides approximately 17% of the world’s electricity [1, 2]. However, the widely applications of nuclear energy will produce consequent high-level radioactive waste (HLW), which is increasing about 12000 metric tons every year and includes various
Porphyrins are natural occurring compounds consisting of tetrapyrrolic macrocycle as shown in Figure 1.1 (A). Porphyrins are essential for living organism as they involve in various biological processes such as oxygen binding, electron transfer, biocatalysis and photochemical routes (Cragg, 2005). Metals in biological system are often bound to porphyrin forming metalloporphyrins. For example, magnesium binds to porphyrin to form chlorophyll (Figure 1.1 (B)) that plays the role as a light harvesting