FMS is larger than the flexible manufacturing cell, not only in the no. of workstations and floor area it may contain, but also in the number of supporting stations and equipment in the system, such as part/pallet washing stations, co-ordinate measuring machine equipments, storage stations and so on. Computer control system is also more sophisticated; this type of functions not found in the flexible manufacturing cell such as diagnostics and tool monitoring during the machining operations. The main
TOR Onion routing (Syverson) is an anonymous communication technique used to anonymize network traffic. Messages are encrypted recursively and sent to multiple network nodes or onion routers; each router decrypts one layer of the message and passes it on to the next router. This prevents the transport medium to find out who you are; the network does know that onion communication is taking place. Figure 1: An example "Onion", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Onion_diagram.svg An onion is a data
Authority of Singapore (MPA), the strategic location will be the important element for the success of seaport. The strategic location of seaport can let the port have a well connection with global as transportation network, market accessibility, global meeting place and extensive communications network. Ports are heterogeneous, differing considerably, depending on their location, in the types of vessel and cargo that they can handle and the services they offer. However, some broad categories can be used to
The last decade can be marked as a period of significant changes in the business world. Being accustomed to utilize computers as a powerful tool with its office applications such as Microsoft Word and Excel. In the 1990s office workers first faced the opportunity to share information using the Internet (McNurlin, 2009). However, the situation became even more different with the transition to the third millennium. With a further development of information technologies, the majority of big enterprises
Chapter 1 Introduction Software Testing Software testing plays a very significant role in the process of software development. Over time, the software testing has become a very challenging issue for enterprises. Because of technological complexities and software sourcing challenges are rapidly increasing. Generally, software testing is performed in the organization, or is outsourced to software services providers. Definitions A definition of software testing has been narrated in different perspectives
CHAPTER 1 PROBLEM DEFINITION Image compression is the art and science of reducing the amount of data required to represent an image. The purpose for image compression is to reduce the amount of data required for representing sampled digital images and therefore reduce the cost for storage and transmission. Image compression plays a key role in many important applications, including image database, image communications, remote sensing. LZW compression, one of the lossless image compression methods