(Wang et al., 2000). The four groups are known as serotypes and denoted as dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1), dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2), dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) and dengue virus type 4 (DENV-4). 1. 8. 1. Taxonomy There are three genera in the Flaviviridae family (formerly known as group B arboviruses) namely Flavivirus, Pestivirus and Hepacivirus. The dengue virus is a member of the genus Flavivirus which consists of 55 identified virus species (ICTVdB, 2006). The word Flavi is a derivation from
Mosquitoes, fever and even death may be some of the things that come to mind when we're asked to think about West Nile Virus. Many of us would consider mosquitoes a small trade-off for what the summertime provides, but what if there were more at risk than a bump above your skin and an itch? In a not so distant past West Nile Virus ascended into news broadcasts all throughout the country and alarming it's residents. Today however, that all seems to be an afterthought. The intentions today are
Yellow Fever Yellow fever is a tropical viral disease affecting the liver and kidneys, causing fever and jaundice and often fatal. Yellow fever is not a common disease in the United States. On the contrary it is very common in other countries. I will be stating how it 's transmitted and where it originated. What are symptoms you may have and what specialist can diagnose you. Some treatments you can get and what measures to take to prevent this disease. Lastly I will talk about what countries are
is a disease which is transmitted to birds from infected mosquitos. The birds are used as reservoir hosts that can pass on the disease to other birds and to humans, as well as other mammals (Lim). It is a single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae, and the genus Flavivirus and it is responsible for the deaths of many birds and humans in both the United States and the Eastern Hemisphere (Peterson). The West Nile virus was originally found in the West Nile District of Uganda and only found
been some outbreaks of HCV when instruments exposed to blood have been re-used without appropriate disinfection.” (Microbiology, 10e) The HCV virus measures about 50 nm in diameter; it is classified as a separate genus (Hepacivirus) within the Flaviviridae family. It is the virus that causes Hepatitis C. This family of viruses all has ribonucleic acid (RNA) as their genetic material. “All hepatitis C viruses have an outer coat or envelope and contain enzymes and proteins that allow the virus to reproduce
malformations seen in newborns and other brain involved ailments which have been compared with the demyelization as it is seen in Multiple Sclerosis. Discovery Zika virus or ZIKV, which is an Arbovirus of the flavivirus genus belonging to the flaviviridae family, is a mosquito-borne virus that was first identified in 1947 by scientists who were conducting some research in the Zika Forest, located in Uganda. The Zika forest with its luscious foliage of around “135 species
state which may result in death if left untreated13. Pathogenic Factors Dengue virus (DENV) is any of the four serotypes that cause the dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever. It is a single positive-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family of Flaviviridae. Its genome is consisted of 11,000 bases that code for three structural proteins, membrane protein M (prM), envelope protein E, capsid protein C, seven nonstructural proteins NS1-NS5, and a short non-coding region on both the 5’ and 3’ ends 2
Yellow Fever is a viral infection that is caused from the bite of an infected female mosquito, they are mainly found in areas of Africa and South America. There are three main types of the Yellow Fever virus: Sylvatic yellow fever, Intermediate yellow fever, and Urban yellow fever. Sylvatic yellow fever also known as jungle yellow fever is started by mosquitoes breeding in tree holes in areas, such as banana plantations; monkeys become infected when they are bitten by an infected mosquito, it continues
Zika Virus Flaviviridae belongs to the RNA Virus (No other name for Zika Virus) How many people in the world have had Zika Virus? Zika Virus was first found in Uganda, East Africa in 1947. It was first identified in monkeys, then in 1952 it was identified in humans. Zika is a mosquito-borne illness spread by the Aedes mosquito. Zika can last for about two-seven days. Zika is a mild virus and no one can die from it. In Brazil there was a major outbreak that lasted from 2015-2016. Zika has lasted
West Nile Virus has emerged in recent years throughout the temporate zones of Europe and North America. Causing a variety of conditions in its hosts, the most serious manifestation of WN virus infection is fatal encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in humans and horses, and many birds. History While many forms of encephalitis exist, West Nile Virus was first isolated and identified in the West Nile District of Uganda in 1937. The virus, which was seemingly isolated to North Eastern Africa
to see first hand the impact this epidemic and wanted to look at it retrospectively with a public health perspective. The epidemiology and natural history of these viruses start with their tight relation. Dengue and WNV are both members of the Flaviviridae family which includes other human pathogens like Japanese encephalitis and yellow fever virus.13 Dengue is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus and WNV is an enveloped, single-strand RNA virus. 11, 18 It is estimated that 40% of the worlds