Throughout this course thus far we have generically discussed the various models of mediation(in particular facilitative),skills and tasks needed by a mediator to conduct a successful mediation. The facilitative approach we have been studying, via theory and in-class exercises has afford us some great insight into mediating into a variety of domestic conflicts from family to business disputes.However,there is a whole other subfield in mediation ,which we have not discussed and that is international mediation. International mediation also has a variety of forms. Cases for mediation can range from a conflict between two states, an ethnic conflict that, has bought violence within a particular state, or perhaps a business dispute between transnational companies. The process of mediation is difficult in itself is ,but one can imagine the severe complexities one may into when trying to mediate across ethnic,linguistic,and cultural lines. As someone who is interested in doing international conflict resolution work,I feel it important to ask will the same roles and tasks needed be same,enhanced, or in some cases ineffective.The purpose of this essay will be to explore this question by explicating international mediation in relation to some of themes and theories we have discussed in class relating to the roles,tasks,and abilities of mediators.
With that let us now briefly delve into some of the motives behind international mediation.As an instrument of diplomacy and foreign policy,mediation has become almost as common as conflict itself.It is carried our daily by such disparate actors as private individuals;government officials; religious figures, regional, nongovernmental ,and international organizations; ad hocg roupings, or s...
... middle of paper ...
...ested interest can offer incentives or make threats of punishments,based on the out come of the mediation.Also the idea of credibility again is very important within the international context,for a mediator to be able to mediate an outcome that please those who he or she is representing will laud them praise.
Comparing and contrasting, these two mediation processes has been interesting. We can clearly see some major similarities, as well as some major differences. I find the context of international mediation to be pretty interesting and exciting; to be honest,more so than domestic mediation.This obviously do in part to my international relations background.It seems that mediation within the international createst a context,which works to create a balance of power that works to maintain peace and security,there for sustaining humanity and a better tomorrow.
In considering the probable benefits of mediation, Ridley-Duff & Bennett (2011) argues it would be helpful to consider various critical underlying theoretical questions: What is the reasons the negotiation failed? What are the barriers of effective resolution conflict by negotiation? Mediation saves time, money, promotes communication and cooperation, provides an environment to voluntarily resolve disputes, private and confidential, can reduce hostility and encourage healthy relationships, stress, can result in a win-win solution (Clarkson, Cross, Jentz & Miller,
The basis of this paper is to review and examine specific principles and theories of cooperation and argument management as reflected by a specific story of the Middle East peace process within the named article. The article is entitled "The Wounds Of Peace," by Connie Bruck. This, of course, is one individual author's perspective, yet, nevertheless, it is the view of this author that much of the content is historically factual and accurate, with a definite sense of individual perspectives as purported by the author. To the greatest extent, this author shall attempted to meet those requirements as per the related principles and theories of negotiation and conflict management. Similarly, this will take place within the context of the Middle East peace process, guided within a specific time and place. To a large extent, this author should also like to state that his perspectives will emanate from those theories and principles which are rooted within negotiation and conflict management. Probably, no where else on this Earth (with the possible exception of Northern Ireland) are the principles and theories of negotiation and conflict management more contentious than those that exist within the Middle East
...ze one party. In addition, Bangladesh can shed light on the value of journalists and activists there who are of paramount importance to multinational companies, thus informing Niko of their culture and how they should treat reporters. Integrating a mediator into the negotiation can be helpful, especially if the mediator is an Indian executive who can serve as a representative for both parties. He/she can inform Bangladesh about how Niko helped India while informing Niko about how Bangladesh responds to business, since India and Bangladesh are neighboring countries and have a good trade relationship.
The United Nations General Assembly 36-103 focused on topics of hostile relations between states and justification for international interventions. Specifically mentioned at the UNGA was the right of a state to perform an intervention on the basis of “solving outstanding international issues” and contributing to the removal of global “conflicts and interference". (Resolution 36/103, e). My paper will examine the merits of these rights, what the GA was arguing for and against, and explore relevant global events that can suggest the importance of this discussion and what it has achieved or materialized.
These attributes are vital to reconciliation and mediation in a world where deception and diplomacy often come hand in hand. Analysis: It is clear that one of the key factors in the success of religious actors (RAs) in conflict resolution is their focus on reconciliation and a true desire to be unbiased mediators.
Doctor William Ury is a first class negotiator and mediator. Coauthor of Getting to Yes, he is globally recognized and praised for his acuity and perspectives. He has been involved in negotiations and mediations not only in the US, but also in many places such as Venezuela (with President Hugo Chavez), Chechnya, Russia and Indonesia. He is the co-founder of Harvard’s Program on Negotiation and is a Distinguished Senior Fellow of the Harvard Negotiation Project, which is a highly influent actor in the negotiation realm. In terms of education, he has a Bachelor of Art from Yale and a Doctorate of Philosophy from Harvard, both in social anthropology. He has conducted research on negotiation in the US and abroad. Thus, his background and experience allows him to support his arguments with personal case studies gathered during his research and from his own ne...
In a time of war, it is far too easy to get caught up in the violence, and forget that the true goal is peace. Hate, death, and pain make it difficult for the belligerent nations to think rationally and come up with a plan to end the violence. This is why a third party is necessary. A third party sees the situation from an outsider’s viewpoint. Therefore, they are able to offer better advice and solutions. This situation is applicable to the current Middle East Crisis. Palestine and Israel cannot come to a peaceful solution without the help of the international community. In order to help the feuding parties, the United States needs to be neutral, fair, and unbiased. The current leaders need to avoid the mistakes made by the historical leaders and nations that led to the escalation of the conflict, like McMahon-Hussein Correspondence did.
Origins for the cooperation amongst powers necessary to tackle international disputes can be traced back to the 19th century, however the formation of the League of Nations was eagerly prompted by the First World War. After the horrors in which the world observed, leaders merged together and rejoiced in the potential for a new international system. The League of Nations foremost objective was to secure peace through collective efforts of ‘peace-loving’ powers (Steans, Pettiford, & Diez, 2005, p. 31). President Woodrow Wilson was a lead proponent in the creation of such a body, suggesting it- within his message on the Conditions of Peace- as a means of ‘affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike’ (Wilson, 1918). The following year a detailed scheme was presented at the Versailles Peace Conference and the league was swiftly established with the addition of a permanent secretariat in Geneva. (Catterall, 1999, p. 50). The League was very much considered the ‘most daring and innovative proposal’ (Wilkinson, 2007, p. 85)
M. E. McGuinness (Eds.), Words Over War: Mediation and Arbitration to Prevent Deadly Conflict (pp. 293-320). New York: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Reducing sexually transmitted diseases in women ages 15-24 does not have a simple solution. In fact, changing sexual behaviors encompasses various different approaches that can at times be difficult to reach. For an approach to show significant improvements a consistent change in personal factors, environmental factors, and human behaviors must occur (U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, 2005, p. 20). The social cognitive theory describes these three important factors and introduces how they are all intertwined to produce the desired outcome of changing health behavior. The social cognitive theory approach has been chosen to indicate that sexual behavior can be changed but it must begin with those who are engaging
Ott, Marvin C. "Mediation as a Method of Conflict Resolution: Two Cases." International Organization 26.04 (1972): 595-618. JSTOR. Web. 3 Dec. 2013.
Viola, Lora Anne. “The Reinvention of Diplomacy: Are International Negotiations Becoming More Democratic?” WZB-Mitteilungen, Heft 121 (September 2008). http://bibliothek.wzb.eu/artikel/2008/f-14290.pdf (accessed December 3, 2011).
Related to the notion of dichotomy represented by soft power and hard power is the carrot and stick approach to diplomacy, a preferred method by many western nations, including the United State...
Often, war is considered a method of negotiation. Through force, one party persuades another to concede to their demands. The loss of life, land, and property can be especially convincing. However, diplomacy is another method of negotiation that tries to eliminate the bloody process of war and get right to conversation which will lead to a mutually satisfying solution without extreme costs. Diplomacy, then, is when “agreements or understandings are obtained among states, through the efforts of trained government representatives.”1 Most importantly, diplomacy seeks to address the problem of escalations (like arms races) which can result in war by using communication. Occasionally, these trained professionals called diplomats may employ coercive diplomacy to achieve these goals. This coercion uses a threat as an incentive to make a state stop or undo an action. Coercive diplomacy seems to be the most effective method because it both motivates and demands a response, which can be either conflict or compromise.
Mediation is a way to solve a dispute without having to resort to court procedure which sometimes could turned out to be rigid, formal and time consuming especially when it needed a lot of paperwork and the possibility of adjournment which could consume years. Besides that, unlike in court, mediator as a third impartial party did not acted as a judge who decides on the resolution however, the mediator will help the parties to explore the needs and issue which before preventing them from achieving a mutual resolution and settlement. The mediation process gave the authority towards the parties to agree with each other and open up the chance for the parties to meet with a resolution at the end of the mediation session.