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Negative effects of child abuse
Negative effects of child abuse
What causes child abuse
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According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 3.3 million referrals for alleged maltreatment were made in 2013. Out of the 3.3 million referrals, 899,000 children were officially documented as being maltreated(Child Abuse & Neglect 2015). Child abuse is the mistreatment of a child. Child abuse is recognized in several forms; physical, emotional, sexual and neglect. Children who experience any form of abuse will tend to withdraw themselves from their peers and sometimes from other family members who are not aware of what is taking place. Child abuse occurs not just in the homes of these children, but can also occur in schools, churches and after school programs. Anywhere a child is present there is a chance that abuse can occur. This paper will review the forms of child abuse, the effects of child abuse, reasons child abuse occurs and possible therapies to bring healing in the parties involved.
Forms & Definition of Child Abuse
Physical Abuse
According to Trickett, Negreff, Ji and Peckins, physical abuse is defined as, “…any nonaccidental physical injury to a child (resulting from such acts such as striking, kicking, burning) perpetrated by a parent or caregiver” (2011). It is imperative for one to realize that physical abuse is not only committed by a parent and that the caregiver can also include, but is not limited to an older sibling, grandparent, aunt, uncle, teacher, or church worker. Physical abuse is not just limited to those examples listed previously, but can also include biting, pinching, punching, and choking. According to Gill, “Children with special needs (physical disabilities or chronic illness, neurological impairment, mental health issues) that increase the caregiver’s burden are at increase...
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...e and child maltreatment: Implications for prevention and intervention. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6 (3), 161-170.
Osofsky, J., & Lieberman, A. (2011). A call for intergrating a mental health perspective into systems of care for abused and neglected infants and young children. American Psychologist, 66(2), 120-128.
Springer, C., & Misurell, J. (2010). Game-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (gb-cbt): An innovative group treatment program for children who have been sexually abused. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 3, 163-180.
Teisl, M., & Cicchetti, D. (2008). Physical abuse, cognitive and emotional processes, and aggressive/disruptive behavior problems. Social Development, 17, 1-23.
Trickett, P., Negriff, S. J., & Peckins, M. (2011). Child maltreatment and adolescent development. Journal of Research on Addolescence, 21 (1), 3-20.
McCoy, M. L., & Keen, S. M., (2009). Child abuse and neglect. New York: Psychology Press.
Odhayani, A, W., L., & Watson, W. (2013). Behavioural consequences of child abuse , vol. 59 No. 8, 831–836. Retrieved from http://www.cfp.ca/content/59/8/831.full
Currently, there are many children whom suffer from emotional, physical, and sexual abuse in their family. Emotional abuse is the lack of interest or affection parents have towards their children. As a result of emotional abuse, children are left feeling worthless and unloved. Physical abuse refers to attacking children resulting visible bodily injuries from either being burned, pushed, punched, slapped, or whipped. Sometimes physical abuse can be extremely severe that children have broken bones, fractures, or hemorrhaging. Sexual abuse occurs when a person forces, tricks, or threatens children to have sexual contact. These acts of child abuse could prevent children from living a normal adulthood. In order to deal with such a traumatic childhood, adults abused as children should rid themselves of such burdensome, painful memories.
Trickett, P. K., & McBride-Chang, C. (1995). The developmental impact of different forms of child abuse and neglect. Developmental Review 15, 311-337.
According to Tennyson Center for Children, “A report of child abuse is made every ten seconds in the U.S.” (“Child Abuse in America”). One cannot fathom the idea of why anyone would intentionally hurt the innocent children of today’s society. Child abuse happens with children of all ages, gender, and religions. Likewise, the world can be identified as a harsh place, where child abuse occurs around the world, and is even evident in the United States. There are many factors that contribute to this repulsive behavior. Physical, sexual, and psychological cruelty are effects of child abuse.
Child abuse in the United States is a growing epidemic. Every year the number of reported cases, and missing children go up. This is caused mostly by lack of education about the different types of child abuse, and the signs that go along with it. Communities need to provide more resources to better educate the public about the types of abuse, and the signs that go along with it. Child abuse and neglect can be lessened by more resources, more education and to reach out to others.
There are many forms of childhood maltreatment. All of which can and do cause both physical and mental issues to the victims. Childhood physical abuse can cause grave physical injuries and even death. Children who are physically abused are more likely to experience cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems as they grow up, such as depression, anxiety, misbehavior, substance abuse problems, and can grow up to be abusers themselves. Many people have a hard time understanding why anyone would hurt a child. Most abusers love their children, but they have less patience then other parents. But the truth is that many children learn violent behavior from their parents and then grow up to be abusers themselves. There is evidence that physical child
Reece, Robert. "Treatment of Child Abuse: common Ground for Mental Health, Medical, and legal Practitioners." 2000 26MAR2008 .
Childhood trauma has a significant impact on the life of a child. It affects the child’s overall functioning and development, including emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and social elements. (Perry, Pollard, Blaicley, Baker, & Vigilante, 1995). An overwhelming number of children experience some type of trauma in developmentally critical years which, as previously mentioned, has a major impact on the various aspects of their functioning- specifically their development. Trauma can present itself in a multitude of forms. It may occur that the child lives or lived in a state of poverty or that he suffered a significant injury or the loss of a parent or caregiver. A disheartening number of children experience neglect or abuse in its various forms;
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse and Trauma. Retrieved from http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubpdfs/trauma.pdf 201507102201371109825492Child Welfare Information Gateway 2012 Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse and Trauma
... exposed to abusive environments show delays or restrictions in their physical growth as well as in their mental development (Smith, 1975).
Every single day, the well-being and safety of children across the United States are in danger of abuse and neglect. “In 2007 there were over 3 million reports of child maltreatment in the United States” (United States Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS}, 2009). Child maltreatment contains many different types of abuses such as sexual, physical, psychological or emotional abuse, and neglect. The legitimate numbers of maltreatment can be inaccurate due to abuse being unreported and at times tough to notice. Children are at risk for a mixture of negative health outcomes because of child maltreatment.
When the topic of abuse comes up, many different forms of abuse pop into individuals heads. Whether its Physical abuse, sexual abuse, verbal abuse or even drug abuse, the list just keeps going. Now take all those different forms abuse and imagine them happening in a family. A father physically abusing his children, a mother verbally berating her daughter about her body image, a child growing up in fear. According to the research by David Wolfe in the Journal of Consulting and clinical Psychology, that the number of children that have suffered a physical injury due to physical abuse is between 1.4 and 1.9 million annually. With such a high number of physical abuse happening to children, one can imagine how high the number of all the
Emotional abuse can be understood as the “failure to provide children with an emotional environment conducive to adequate psychological, developmental and physical progress to ac...
One of the most obvious and damaging results of child abuse is death; however, research illustrating the effects on a growing child who has been abused has demonstrated many other lifelong negative factors (Felitti, Anda, Nordenberg, Williamson, Spitz, Edwards, Koss, Marks, 1998). In consonance children who suffer from abuse can show signs of depression, social withdraw, and even violent behavior. As a child grows older, they may suffer from poor physical health, such as high blood pressure, obesity, stress, and psychological disorders and disabilities (Herronkohl, T., Hong, Klika, and Herronkohl, R., 2013). Child abuse and neglect have also been associated with depression, anger disorders, and post-traumatic