Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Artificial intelligence history
Technological Singularity essay
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Artificial intelligence history
“Let an ultraintelligent machine be defined as a machine
that can far surpass all the intellectual activities of any
man however clever. Since the design of machines is one
of these intellectual activities, an ultraintelligent machine
could design even better machines; there would then
unquestionably be an ‘intelligence explosion,’ and the
intelligence of man would be left far behind. Thus the first
ultraintelligent machine is the last invention that man need
ever make.” I.J. Good (Grossman 4)
The previous quote by British mathematician I.J. Good is not unlike words of the characters of a science fiction work. Most certainly misinterpreted by the average person as a fanaticized conception of the present-day course human development, Good’s words leave one questioning their real-life validity. Good was in fact seriously stating his theory on the future of the human race, and, since Good’s statement in 1965, the concept of an “intelligence explosion” has developed; it now has data for validation and is known as Technological Singularity.
The theory of Technological Singularity is the scientific theory of human-created technology advancing so rapidly and substantially that the creation of computers that are fast enough and powerful enough to become entities with intelligence that far exceeds that of humans is inevitable (Vinge 5). Along with technology surpassing the intelligence of humans, by logical reasoning, it is clear that technologies will also hold a level of intelligence that will allow them to take over their own evolution and possibly even reach a point of being defined as sentient beings (Grossman 7).
Based on Moore’s Law (the law that states that the number of transis...
... middle of paper ...
...t whilst advancing toward this era, the profoundness of the growth to come mustn’t be forgotten. Kurzweil states the following:
“…I don’t believe I’m underestimating the challenge. I
think they’re [critics] underestimating the power of exponential
growth.” Raymond Kurzweil (Grossman 8)
Works Cited
Bear, Mark F., Barry W. Connors, and Michael A. Paradiso. Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007. Print.
Grossman, Lev. "The Singularity Is Near." Time 23 Feb. 2011: 42-49. Print.
"Making Stuff: Smaller." Nova. PBS. OETA, Oklahoma City, OK, 26 Jan. 2011. Television.
Vinge, Vernor. "Technological Singularity." Lecture. VISION 21 Symposium. 30-31 Mar. 1993. Rohan.sdsu. NASA Lewis Research Center and the Ohio Aerospace Institute. Web. 1 Mar. 2011. .
...owell, E. R., Thompson, P. M., & Toga, A. W. (2004). Mapping changes in the human cortex
This essay will discuss Carole Cadwalladr’s “Singularity University: meet the people who are building our future” which it’s about the Singularity University. In her article Cadwalladr claims that people who are at this university will build humanity’s future. She believes that they will get rid of world problems such as poverty, hunger, and dryness. This University involve people from all around the world trying to solve different problems. However, Cadwalladr is incorrect for several reasons such as the way they use to solve these problems, and their aims to depend on artificial intelligence method for the best future later is totally false.
Kurzweil’s view of this thought is positive because he believes artificial intelligence is the future as appose to Carr who thinks negatively because we are currently revolving our actions around technology too much. Carr believes technology effects every thing around us including our every day lives. He also states that we are on the way to having artificial intelligence. Kurzweil’s theory of artificial intelligence will be greatly exceeding stating that, “The rate of technological change will not be limited to human mental speeds. Machine intelligence will improve its own abilities in a feedback cycle that unaided human intelligence will not be able to follow”(Kurzweil 470). Therefore explaining that artificially intelligent machines will be able to solely improve themselves making it not possible for humans to follow, hence changing the way the world is. Also claiming that, “Nanobots will interact with biological neurons to vastly extend human experience by creating virtual reality from within the nervous system”(Kurzweil 471). Carr agrees more in a current point of view that the Internet is becoming artificially intelligent and discusses how the founders of Google “speak(s) frequently of their desire to turn their search engine into an artificial intelligence, a HAL-like machine that might be connected directly to our brains”(Carr 116). Which connects back to Kurzweil’s theory but just in a present point of view. Also Kurzweil believes that through Singularity, machines will be able to give help to a person in such a simple way. Although Carr’s article goes in agreement with what Kurzweil theory is Carr himself does not believe that the revolution of technology is a good thing, he simply agrees that we are heading to artificial intelligence. Carr’s text shows
Kanske, P., Heissler, J., Schönfelder, S., Forneck, J., & Wessa, M. (2013). Neural correlates of
unknown. (2011, october 27). inside the human brain. Retrieved january 19, 2014, from nia.nih.gov: http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/part-1-basics-healthy-brain/inside-human-brain
Hicks, Brain. The Holdouts. Smithsonian 41.11 (2011): 50-60. Academic Search Premier. Web. 8 Nov. 2013
unknown. (2011, october 27). inside the human brain. Retrieved january 19, 2014, from nia.nih.gov: http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/part-1-basics-healthy-brain/inside-human-brain
In the essay "Toward An Intelligence Beyond Man’s" by Robert Jastrow, the author showed his view on computer intelligence and predicted that computer intelligence will be a new kind of evolution. Jastrow stateed that computer nowadays is as intelligent as human brain; they can communicate with human, learn from experience, and raise logical questions. The more complex the computer, the better they imitate human. He predicted that computer will as important as life in future years. Then, Jastrow used the example of Arthur Samuel and IBM computer to show computers can learn faster through motivation, even they do not have emotions and drives as human do. He also points out that computer and human brain share some characteristics; they both freeze out when handle too many tasks, and they outclass fast decisions under a crisis. Jastrow said even human still have the control power, computers learn much faster than humans’ intelligence. Then, in an ultimate situation, computers and human w ill become partners; they completely depends on each other to survive. However, Jastrow thought this partnership will not stay long; as computer will become more and more clever , but human evolution of intelligence is almost finished. He suggested that computer will be the new kind of intelligence which surpass human, as a new evolution of life. He said the history had proved it takes a million year for human evolution. It took less time , compare to a billion years of evolution from worm to human. By the incredibly fast rate of technology improvement, Jastrow thought computer will evolve in a much shorter period of time.
Casey, B. J., Jones, R. M., & Hare, T. (2008). The adolescent brain. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124, 111–126. Eaton Reyna, V.F. and Rivers, S.E. (2008).
When most people think of artificial intelligence they might think of a scene from I, Robot or from 2001: A Space Odyssey. They might think of robots that highly resemble humans start a revolution against humanity and suddenly, because of man’s creation, man is no longer the pinnacle of earth’s hierarchy of creatures. For this reason, it might scare people when I say that we already utilize artificial intelligence in every day society. While it might not be robots fighting to win their freedom to live, or a defense system that decides humanity is the greatest threat to the world, artificial intelligence already plays a big role in how business is conducted today.
R. L. Paul, M. M. (1972). The Species of the Brain Research, 1-19. pp. 113-117. S. A. Clark, T. A.
[online] Available at: http://www.livescience.com/22665-nervous system.html [Accessed: 1 Oct 2013]. Reece, J. 2012. The. Campbell biology. San Francisco, CA. -.
From the first imaginative thought to manipulate nature to the development of complex astronomical concepts of space exploration, man continues to this day to innovate and invent products or methods that improve and enhance humankind. Though it has taken 150 million years to reach the present day, the intellectual journey was not gradual in a linear sense. If one were to plot significant events occurring throughout human existence, Mankind’s ability to construct new ideas follows a logarithmic path, and is rapidly approaching an asymptote, or technological singularity. This singularity event has scientists both supporting and rejecting the concept of an imaginative plateau; the largest topic discussed is Artificial Intelligence (A.I.). When this technological singularity is reached, it is hypothesized that man’s greatest creation, an artificial sapient being, will supersede human brain capacity.
Since the beginning of time, humans have thought and made many inventions. Repeatedly the newer one is better than the older. Our minds have created many remarkable things, however the best invention we ever created is the computer. computers are constantly growing and becoming better every day. Every day computers are capable of doing new things. Even though computers have helped us a lot in our daily lives, many jobs have been lost because of it, now the computer can do all of the things a man can do in seconds! Everything in the world relies on computers and if a universal threat happens in which all computers just malfunction then we are doomed. Computers need to be programmed to be able to work or else it would just be a useless chunk of metal. And we humans need tools to be able to live; we program the computer and it could do a lot of necessary functions that have to be done. It is like a mutual effect between us and he computer (s01821169 1).
Shyam Sankar, named by CNN as one of the world’s top ten leading speakers, says the key to AI evolvement is the improvement of human-computer symbiosis. Sankar believes humans should be more heavily relied upon in AI and technological evolvement. Sankar’s theory is just one of the many that will encompass the future innovations of AI. The next phase and future of AI is that scientists now want to utilize both human and machine strengths to create a super intelligent thing. From what history has taught us, the unimaginable is possible with determination. Just over fifty years ago, AI was implemented through robots completing a series of demands. Then it progressed to the point that AI can be integrated into society, seen through interactive interfaces like Google Maps or the Siri App. Today, humans have taught machines to effectively take on human jobs, and tasks that have created a more efficient world. The future of AI is up to the creativity and innovation of current society’s scientists, leaders, thinkers, professors, students and