Taxation, Corruption and Unsuccessful Reforms Caused Rome to Fall

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From tax collectors running up and down the Nile to modern day families submitting their statements via TurboTax, taxes have been a fundamental component of both ancient and modern societies. Although, helpful with the correct expenditure and system of taxation, in Rome, taxes were detrimental. The inflation of currency, sporadic collection and unequal taxation were all factors that contributed to Rome’s demise. Through, a poor tax infrastructure, corruption, and series of unsuccessful reforms, taxes were destructive to Rome.
The Roman system of taxation had a very poor infrastructure. Through various edicts given by the government not everyone was required to pay taxes. If you were a citizen around 160B B.C, you were not liable to pay taxes. The burden of land tax, tributum solis, was placed on the people of the conquered communities. By doing this the Roman empires’ revenue was undercut (Shaw 813). Not only did this contribute to loss of revenue for Rome, it created a feeling of inequality and animosity among the provinces of Rome. In early Rome, this system of taxation contributed to Rome’s need to raise taxes and devalue currency in the future. (Shaw 815). The older system of Roman taxation was dependent on the success of farming. As nature is erratic every year, the Roman Empire did not have a stable source of income (Shaw 815). The empire had years with prosperous wealth from taxes as well as years with little, due to the unpredictable nature of agriculture.
Corruption was rampant throughout the roman business of taxation. Instead of focusing on the good of the people governors were only interested in advancing their own political careers. During this period tax collection was done through a system called tax farming. Dur...

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... eventually the tax burden of Rome increased, and small farmers could not keep up with Rome’s annona or the amount of goods needed to support a solider (Bartlett 298). Constantine tried to restore the currency by increasing its silver and gold content but this was unsuccessful, and cost the empire more money. Succeeding emperors reversed his unsuccessful reform (Bartlett 298). Both Constantine and Nero attempted to reform the tax system, but neither was successful.
Although a plethora of things contributed to the fall of Rome, taxation was definitely a potential culprit. Throughout the Roman epochs emperors have created many unsuccessful reforms, from debasing currency to raising the value of currency. The unsuccessful infrastructure, especially the sporadic collection and unfair treatment of provinces coupled with corruption in administration was terrible for Rome.

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