“You think you own whatever land you land on
The earth is just a dead thing you can claim
But I know every rock and tree and creature
Has a life, has a spirit, has a name.”
~Disney's Pocohontas
And so it is with the Ute Indians, a people whose great respect and admiration for the land and its inhabitants weaves in and out of their culturally rich heritage like threads in a tapestry. Not unlike other Native American tribes, the Utes feel a deep connection to the land that is their home. Everything they believe and all they do is a direct result of this connection. The story of the Utes is one that spans over a thousand years. It is a mystery, an action adventure, a love story, a drama, and a tragedy all rolled into one. Theirs is the story of a people who believe that a great spirit made the world for them, who love the land and work in cooperation with nature rather than against it, and who have learned to adapt to meet the challenges they have encountered. When first the Spanish and then the Europeans set foot on Ute territory; however, everything changed for the Utes, making the story of the modern day Utes one of tragedy, injustice, and the strength of a people determined to persevere.
1. Origin – The Great Mystery
No one can really say when the Utes first came to the Colorado Plateau area of the Great basin or exactly where they came from. Their nomadic nature left little in the way of anthropological evidence to support an exact time of arrival and there have been many theories surrounding their origin. It seems to be agreed; however, that the Utes most likely entered the area of the Colorado Plateau sometime around 1200 AD and migrated here from the South based upon linguistics. Prior to the Utes occupation o...
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...America: Colorado Plateau. Web. http://cpluhna.nau.edu/People/fremont.htm
Misc:
Lewis, David Rich. Neither Wolf Nor Dog: American Indians, Environment, and Agrarian Change. 1994. Google Books. Web. http://books.google.com/books?id=P7UakZd-7boC&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=ute+cosmology&source=bl&ots=5_0s_TT4y8&sig=BSdu9GekkFh5u_et9c0yzbOgzTU&hl=en&ei=DkXNTrfHIo--tgevkolj&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=ute%20cosmology&f=false
Cosmology:
Utah American Indian Digital Archives. "Early Peoples: The White Mesa Utes". 2008. Web. http://www.utahindians.org/archives/whiteMesa/earlyPeoples.html
Social and Political:
Burns, Sam. “The Ute relationships to the lands of West Central Colorado: An ethnographic overview prepared for the U.S. Forest Service”. Rev. 2004. Web. 2 November 2011.
The Muckleshoot are a Native American tribe are a part of the Coast Salish people. their territory can be found located in Washington. They are recognized as the Muckleshoot Tribe, they are composed of generations of different tribal groups who inherited Puget Sound areas and occupied river drainages from the rivers confluence in Auburn to their reservations in the Cascades.
The mosh is an awesome place in Downtown Jacksonville; where everyone can learn some interesting facts about our city, how the body works , what animals are in the ocean and etc. I visited the Timucua Indian exhibit; I learned a lot of intriguing information that I didn’t know before. I learned how the Timucua Indians first came about, how the Indians lived and survived during this time period. This exhibit also showed me how the Indians looked and the way they did things. Being able to learn about the Timucua Indians is so fascinating to me.
There are many ways in which we can view the history of the American West. One view is the popular story of Cowboys and Indians. It is a grand story filled with adventure, excitement and gold. Another perspective is one of the Native Plains Indians and the rich histories that spanned thousands of years before white discovery and settlement. Elliot West’s book, Contested Plains: Indians, Goldseekers and the Rush to Colorado, offers a view into both of these worlds. West shows how the histories of both nations intertwine, relate and clash all while dealing with complex geological and environmental challenges. West argues that an understanding of the settling of the Great Plains must come from a deeper understanding, a more thorough knowledge of what came before the white settlers; “I came to believe that the dramatic, amusing, appalling, wondrous, despicable and heroic years of the mid-nineteenth century have to be seen to some degree in the context of the 120 centuries before them” .
Abbott, C., Leonard, S. J., & Noel, T. J. (2013). Colorado- A History of the Centennial State (5th
Have you ever heard of the Powhatan tribe? If not let me share a little fact about them. Powhatan means “waterfall” in the Virginia Algonquian language. The Powhatans didn't live in tepees. They lived in small roundhouses called wigwams, or in larger Iroquois-style longhouses. Another fact is Powhatan warriors used tomahawks or wooden war clubs. They also carried shields. Powhatan hunters used bows and arrows. If you would like to learn more about the Powhatan tribe please continue reading this paper. You will learn all about the Powhatan and how they lived. Enjoy.
1)Paleo-Indians, the first Americans lived in bands of fifteen to fifty people, and traveled within their territory to hunt. Archaic Indians experienced a warming climate. One of the results of the warming climate was better hunting. Forest grew larger with a greater variety of plants and animals. The changes allowed some Indians to reside in permanent homes. The ample supply of food allowed more peoples to live on less acreage. The weather also allowed for specialization of caring for plants; this was the beginning of controlling crops to better supply the people.
Noble, David Grant. 101 Questions About: Ancient Indians of the Southwest. (1998) Western National Parks Association.
Food is important in both the lives of the Puyallup and Umatilla but how do they acquire such a valuable resource? The Puyallup is a Coastal tribe that acquires its food like salmon, and fish through fishing and spearing in Puget sound, and rivers,they also collected berries and fruit from the plentiful plants in the surrounding area. On the contrary the Umatilla Tribe had a different way of acquiring food being in the plains they switch between hunting camps that hunt for deer, and elk and fishing spots that they fish for salmon in the Columbia River and forage for berries just like the Puyallup tribe but the Puyallup Tribe rarely alternated from camp to camp only doing in the Winter and Summer. This shows that the Puyallup and Umatilla are similar and different in more ways that one.
Daniel Richter's Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America, turns many heads as Richter changes the traditional outlook of the Westward expansion all the way to the American Revolution by viewing certain events through the eyes of the Native Americans who were settled in this land years before the new colonizations started. It was not easy to try and make a complete work about the different perspectives that the Natives had, due to the fact that many sources are works from Europeans or they were filtered by them. Richter explains that Native people sketch out elaborative paintings in their house or on barks of living trees, many of these sources obviously have not lasted long enough for us to examine. This book, however gives great detail and fully analyzes the "aggressively expansionist Euro-American United States" (p. 8-7) that rose from what belonged to Indian Country. Richter challenges you to compose a new framework of the Indian and European encounters reforming the "master narrative" of early American colonization from the Native point of view.
Grinde, Donald, and Bruce Johansen. Ecocide of Native America: Environmental Destruction of Indian Lands and Peoples. Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light Publishers, 1995. Print.
Pages one to sixty- nine in Indian From The Inside: Native American Philosophy and Cultural Renewal by Dennis McPherson and J. Douglas Rabb, provides the beginning of an in-depth analysis of Native American cultural philosophy. It also states the ways in which western perspective has played a role in our understanding of Native American culture and similarities between Western culture and Native American culture. The section of reading can be divided into three lenses. The first section focus is on the theoretical understanding of self in respect to the space around us. The second section provides a historical background into the relationship between Native Americans and British colonial power. The last section focus is on the affiliation of otherworldliness that exist between
Abbott, C., Leonard, S. J., & Noel, T. J. (2013). Colorado- A History of the Centennial State (5th
"Chapter 2 Western Settlement and the Frontier." Major Problems in American History: Documents and Essays. Ed. Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman, Edward J. Blum, and Jon Gjerde. 3rd ed. Vol. II: Since 1865. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2012. 37-68. Print.
One of the first humans to live in the Colorado River watershed were believed to be the Paleo indians of Clovis and Fulsom cultures. This civilization came to the river about 1200 years ago and first settle on the Colorado Plateau. Another group that settled in this area was the Desert Archaic culture. These people were typically known as nomads, and they gathered plants and animals to survive. Long after these cultures came the Fremont culture that also settled on the Colorado Plateau around 900 years ago. This culture was the first in this watershed to cultivate crops and build “masonry dwellings”. They also created rock art and petroglyphs that can be still seen today. Furthermore, descendents of the Desert Archaic culture, the Ancient Puebloans, occupied the corner areas of the
Although the work is 40 years old, “Custer Died for Your Sins” is still relevant and valuable in explaining the history and problems that Indians face in the United States. Deloria’s book reveals the White view of Indians as false compared to the reality of how Indians are in real life. The forceful intrusion of the U.S. Government and Christian missionaries have had the most oppressing and damaging affect on Indians. There is hope in Delorias words though. He believes that as more tribes become more politically active and capable, they will be able to become more economically independent for future generations. He feels much hope in the 1960’s generation of college age Indians returning to take ownership of their tribes problems and build a better future for their children.