Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is malabsorption disease, in which traumatic injury or vascular accident developed the reduction in the small intestine length by 70% of viable small bowel. Short bowel syndrome is characterized by diarrhea, steatorrhea, severe weight loss, malnutrition, and eventually failure to thrive resulting in a high incidence of mortality both in children and adults. In a newly born child, small intestine measures around 250 cm in length, and it grows to around 750 cm in adults. In adult SBS patients, small intestine size less than 100 cm is highly predictive of permanent intestinal failure. For infants and children suffering SBS faces bowel resection for volvulus, gastroschisis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The most common cause for SBS remains extensive surgical removal of the small intestine due to necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates and Crohn’s disease in adults. And the patient with short bowel syndrome is likely to be deficient in several essential nutrients because they are unable to absorb enough nutrients. Individuals with SBS require continuous care, especially medical food, medical procedures to help their body adapt to the reduced length of the small bowel and to attain all the nutrients and fluids they need for optimal growth.
Current treatment of SBS often involves dietary modification, total parental nutrition (TPN), gastrostomy tube, and surgical interventions. The treatment like parental nutrition is feeding a person intravenously, by passing the usual process of eating and digestion. Especially in SBS, patients have to completely stay dependent on parental nutrition for the consumption of glucose, amino acids, lipids, vitamins and minerals, also known ...
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... term of cure, patients suffering with SBS have to go throw major transplant and after few years puts them back on total parental nutrition. Many patients die while waiting for the intestinal transplant, due to the size of the donors. And if the patient manages to get a transplant, it puts them in financial debt due to higher cost of the procedure. Therefore, patient’s health is nothing but the short term relief provided by surgical procedures.
Looking at the effectiveness and success of the available medical treatments contains several effects, malnutrition, organ failures and health issues. Also, surgical procedures are extremely expensive and barely effective for the long term. Therefore, the rejection and failure of the current treatments have directed scientist towards the field of tissue engineering for the development of bioengineered intestinal replacement.
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Therapies for the Management of Crohn's Disease: Comparative Effectiveness (2014), “current medical science defines Crohn’s disease as chronic full thickness inflammation that can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, but most often affects the small bowel and colon” (ES-1). The underlying cause of inflammation is due to an immune system response which attacks bacteria in the intestinal tract that is normally beneficial to the digestion process. The bacteria which are normally protected from this
Introduction As the world transitions into a modernized civilization so do our methods of producing food. The use of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) has started to become a common practice throughout the industrializing food industry. In general, GMOs are lifeforms that have had their genetic makeup altered artificially. When looking specifically at crops, these modifications pose many benefits such as resistance to predatory insects, disease, drought, and weathering, as well as higher yields
Baked Potatoes or French Fries Is it ever a wonder that kids get away with eating the darndest things. They gobble candy ice pops, french fries and for the most part remain amazingly thin and fit. However, adults with the same type of diet are high-cholesterol dynamites just waiting for an explosion into triple-bypass heaven. Why do the little brats get to eat what ever they so desire without worry, while adults have to monitor every gram of anything that even considers passing through their lips