Swine Meat and Diseases Many swine disease outbreaks occur every year and are most often related to a large number of pigs raised in the same area or facility continuously. Raising and producing a numerous amount of pigs can result in overcrowding which can then result in pigs who are disease carriers. These disease carriers can continue to infect and re-infect a swine producer’s herd. Without knowing or realizing that the hogs are infected the diseases can travel from swine farm to swine farm introducing new diseases into their swine herds which can produce more carriers. African Swine Fever: One of the most destructive diseases in swine known worldwide is the African Swine Fever, or ASF. ASF is a viral disease which affects both wild pigs and domestic pigs. The disease is often contracted when pigs consume uncooked food scraps and contaminated garbage or water. There are many symptoms of African Swine Fever, some of which include reddening of the ears and snout, bloody diarrhea, high fever, skin blotching and abortion frequently occurs in pregnant sows. Fatality is a very common outcome from contracting ASF. If death does not occur, the surviving pigs can carry the virus for months on end. There is absolutely no treatment or vaccine that exists for a cure of this disease. The main prevention method for the African Swine Fever virus is to be sure that all garbage fed to pigs is thoroughly cooked. ASF is a disease that can be very contagious if it is not controlled. Those pigs that become infected should be eradicated by slaughter and disposing of the carcass by burning or burial. One positive aspect of African Swine Fever is that humans have yet to transmit it. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome: ... ... middle of paper ... ...ne disease outbreaks, a disease can be detected at an earlier stage making the outbreak less devastating. References Amass, F. Sandra (2004) Procedures for preventing transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus by people. The Veterinary Journal, 103, 143-149 Chae, C. (2005) A review of porcine circovirus 2-assoiciated syndromes and diseases. The Veterinary Journal, 169, 326-336. Hulten, F. (2004) Evaluation of environmental and management-related risk factors associated with chronic mastitis in sows. AJVR, 65, 1398-1403. Walker, Randy (1992) Swine: Swine Health Program. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/AA/AA080500.pdf Olega-Perez, A. (1990) Distribution and biology of Ornithodoros erraticus in parts of Spain affected by African swine fever. The Veterinary Record, 126, 32-37.
This extremely pathogenic zoonotic virus is now understood to travel from bat species, to equine intermediate hosts, to humans.[8, 10] The Hendra virus is listed as a Bio-Safety Level (BSL)-4, and can only be studied at a few adequately equipped laboratories worldwide due to its virulence.[1, 2] Case fatality rates
Makousky, David Tangley, Laura Loeb, Penny Holstein, William J. Thorton, Jeannye, "Hay feed might stop infections from meat." U.S. News & World Report 125.11(1998): middlesearchplus. EBSCO.web.27.Oct.2011
Swine are omnivores that have a varied diet consisting of invertebrates, fungi, acorns, roots and bulbs found in the soil (Cushman, Tierney, & Hinds, 2004). The majority of the swine’s diet consists of plant forage, with native plants being preferred. They do eat other an...
Samples of tissue from patients infected with the mysterious disease were sent to the CDC Special Pathogens Branch for analysis. After a few weeks and several tests, the virologists linked the disease with an unknown type of hantavirus. Because other hantaviruses were known to be transmitted to people by inhalation or ingestion of rodent feces or urine, our next task was to collect as many species of rodent in the area as possible in order to pinpoint the source of the virus (AMNH). While trapping rodents, we decided that it was worth the risk to not wear protective clothing or masks so as to avoid alarming residents of "The Four Corners" region (CDC). After testing approximately 1,700 rodents we had found a link--the prevalent deer mouse carried the unknown type of hantavirus. But why was this mouse suddenly infecting people in this region? I was becoming frustrated, my years of work in medicine were failing me and I couldn't figure out why these people kept getting sick.
Swine industry turned into production intensification and brought technical problems and drawbacks. The production system is considered as the weakest node in the supply chain. Problems cause the increase in prices in the swine industry. Two of main problems are the high cost of feeds and presence of hog diseases and illnesses. The country has been penetrated by the imported pork which is cheaper than the local produce while exportation has minimally practiced. These problems should be look into consideration.
...sease will spread to become an outbreak as it has a higher likelihood of spreading throughout the population before it is recognized as a new disease and treatment has begun. Factors such as high population density, high speed air travel and antibiotic resistance aid the spread of the disease and contribute to it becoming an outbreak. Epidemiology and other safety measures aid in the protection of the population from outbreaks of disease and alter the susceptibility of the human race to outbreaks of disease.
Factory farming began in the 1920s soon after the discovery of vitamins A and D. Shirley Leung said, when these vitamins are added to feed, animals no longer require exercise and sunlight for growth (B2). This allowed large numbers of animals to be raised indoors year-round. The greatest problem that was faced in raising these animals indoors was the spread of disease, which was fought against in the 1940s with the development of antibiotics. Farmers found they could increase productivity and reduce the operating costs by using machines and assembly-line techniques. Unfortunately, this trend of mass production has resulted in incredible pain and suffering for the animals. Animals today raised on factory farms have had their genes manipulated and pumped full of antibiotics, hormones, and other chemicals to encourage high productivity. In the fast food industry, animals are not considered animals at all; “they are food producing machines” (BBC). They are confined to small cages with metal bars, ammonia-filled air and artificial lighting or no lighting at all. They are subjected to horrible mutilations: beak searing, tail docking, ear cutting and castration. The worst thing is that ...
Center for food Safety. “New peer reviewed study on gmo pig feed reveals adverse effects.” N.P., 11 June 2013
Increased public capacity to prevent and control infectious diseases. Increased capacity on the part of all
Cattle mastitis is regarded as the most prevalent and economically important disease on all continents, with annual great losses in the dairy industry worldwide[1]. A wide variety of microorganisms have been found as etiological agents of mastitis in cattle[2]. In addition to bacterial agents, several other groups of microorganisms such as fungi and algae from Prototheca genus capable of inducing an inflammatory process in the udder[2]. Yeasts are groups of unicellular opportunistic organisms, ever present in the natural surroundings of dairy cattle and are normal inhabitants of the skin of the udder and teats, in which they exist in low numbers [3].
coli and salmonella, along with other severe illnesses. Since the farmers have absolutely no say as to what should be a better alternative, they are forced to fill these animals with numerous chemicals that puts the consumer at many health hazards. For instance, Kevin Kowalcyk, a two year old boy who died from a foodborne illness in 2001; Kevin was on vacation at the lake with his family, at the end of their trip, they all decided to grab a quick and convenient burger from a local fast food chain. Kevin seemed fine, then the stages of his death occurred; his mother found blood in the stool, failing kidneys, sunken in eyes and physical appearance of malnourishment; Kevin was put on dialysis treatments for 8 days, but never returned home. Along with Kevin are 3,000 Americans who die every year from foodborne pathogens, and the numbers are increasing.; yet even with activists who stand up for food- safety bills, these food productions fail to realize the point, the food is not safe, although it is cheap and economical it is not beneficial to any factor. If companies would use the obvious alternative; open, nature filled farms or pastures, not only would the animals benefit from being in a natural, safe, and healthy environment but the customer as well.
Porcine Circovirus is an emerging problem in the US. The cause of the disease is porcine circovirus type 2 or (PCV2), zoonotic strain. Also sometimes oral infection can cause this. The porcine circovirus is in the virus family of circoviridae.They replicate in the nucleus of infected cells. Type 2 is the kind that affects pigs. An interesting fact that is that it can be present with no symptoms. But when there are symptoms they are poor growth where is when the pigs stall small or grow little. Increased mortality which is the death rate of the pigs. Another one is weight loss. The pigs will get enlarged lymph nodes which are small structures that work as filters for harmful substances. They are located in many places like the neck and above
Cows sheep and pigs don’t just suffer at the slaughterhouse but throughout their lives. Feedlots, the place they are sent to fatten up before being killed are full of harmful bacteria and are extremely crowded.
Reports on Veterinary Research Findings from Baylor College of Medicine, College of Medicine Provide New Insights. " Food & Farm Week 92 (2010): n. pag. Print. The. Richman, Laura K., Richard J. Montali, Richard C. Cambre, Dennis Schmitt, Douglas Hardy, Thomas Hildbrandt, Roy G. Bengis, Fayez M. Hamzeh, Akbar Shahkolahi, and Gary S. Hayward. " Clinical and Pathological Findings of a Newly Recognized Disease of Elephants Caused by Endotheliotropic Herpesviruses."
Due to the rare cases of human contact with the virus, humans should avoid the following things to prevent getting infected. They should avoid touching infected birds and secretions from infected birds such as saliva or fluids, de-feathering infected birds, and inhaling dried feces dust from infected birds. Also avoid preparing