The effects of urban sprawl are however, highly debated. Urban sprawl generally associated with social issues including; social isolation, obesity, global warming, flooding and ecological degradation (Gottdiener and Budd 2005). Planners must work on improving city wide and local development quality, in reducing the need to use the motor vehicle, achieved by promoting and developing public services in proximity to residential units. In recent years the UK Government has increased housing density and brownfield development, and reduced financial incentives to ‘sprawl’. Reusing urban land where possible, rather than building on greenfield sites has assisted in the evasion of sprawling car-dependent suburbs.
3. Government Policy and Sustainable Brownfield Development
The UK’s strategic planning policy has been committed to the development of brownfield land for many years, as reflected in the large quantity of strategic guidance documents (OPDM 2006; ODPM 2005). Furthermore, the role of brownfield regeneration has been specified with new resonance due to the focus of the government policy on sustainable communities with PPS1 stating that 30% of new homes should be affordable housing and within a ten minute walk of both frequent public transport and necessary public services. Furthermore according to the PPS1, communities must now demonstrate a net gain in biodiversity and pay attention to the local production of food, examples of which can be observed across the world with the implementation of ‘urban farms’ (See Figure 1,2 and 3). Essentially the recommended outcome of this policy statement is to ensure a level of social and environmental self-reliance. highlighted the 1990s as an age of evolution for sustainable brownfield dev...
... middle of paper ...
...g the advantage of remediation financial saving, risk-based sustainable remediation is increasingly replacing typical method (recognised as more expensive and intrusive) of undertaking an entire remediation (Osborne Clarke 2012).
The SRF-UK's contribution to the move towards sustainable remediation is its 'A Framework for Assessing the Sustainability of Soil and Groundwater Remediation', which clarifies what 'sustainable remediation' is and how to evaluate it under a detailed set of indicators. It sets out, for the first time, the essential link between the principles of sustainable development and the criteria (environmental, social and economic) for selecting optimum land use design with sustainable remediation strategies and treatments. The Framework is considered to be a valuable addition to best practice guidance on risk management of land contamination.
In conclusion, brownfield redevelopment supports the continual goal of sustainability through utilization, incorporation, preservation and remediation. For instance, brownfield sites offer developers a chance to utilize the existing infrastructure, which lowers municipal costs. Additionally, developers can incorporate ancient and modern technologies that create more efficient buildings thus reducing energy use. Moreover, with opportunities to grow within cities, there is less pressure to develop greenfields. Furthermore, through the required process of remediation, environmental hazards are removed or prevented. Overall, brownfield redevelopment saves money, reduces energy usage, protects greenfields and removes critical dangers to the surrounding environment thus moving towards a more sustainable society.
This paper argues that urban consolidation should not be the focal point for future development in Melbourne. I will present this augment from 4 different environmental and social perspectives, which include urban consolidation limits green space, lack consumer preference, restricts freedom and rebuts that sprawl development is not necessarily bad for traffic.
McDonald, M., & Brown, K. (2000). Soil and water conservation projects and rural livelihoods: options for design and research to enhance adoption adaptation. Land Degradation and Development, Vol. 11 Number 4
Urban development (such as housing and construction) spreading into rural or suburban areas can be described as suburban sprawl. For example, Toronto’s urban development expanding into Brampton. Over the past few years, a lot of suburban sprawl has been happening in the GTA. Suburban sprawl can mean that human needs such as public transit or stores could be reached without having to travel a long distance. However, sprawl can also result in air pollution, climate change, and loss of agricultural land use. These factors especially
Sprawl is the overall unplanned widespread development of areas sounding a city and usually with no regard for the integration of other sounding developments. The phenomenon of sprawl is both loved and hated in the American landscape. This is not to say cities and their inhabitants did not have a vague idea about how they wished for their cityscape to progress, in fact many places have at least a rudimentary notion or plan about the development of their general area. The problem comes in when capitalism, well, capitalizes on a communities inhabitants need and want of individualism, creating the phenomenon known as suburban sprawl—where the developments are built on the outside of the urban development and urban community with in the city; there
Although Urban sprawl may seem to be a great opportunity to expand our living quarters and get people out of the city, when you divulge deeper you find that there are many concerning problems that place it as at a high risk of destroying our nation. Just some issues that arise with Urban Sprawl include elevated risk of water and air pollution through increased car dependency, more traffic fatalities, higher taxes, increased run off into rivers and lakes, harmful effect on the human health including diseases, loss of natural habitats, wildlife and open space. Every year, Urban sprawl consumes and demolishes unmeasurable amounts of forests, farmlands, woodlands and wetlands while creating social dysfunction, hidden debts of unfinished infrastructure and environmental
There has been a vast advancement in the industrial development. The development of plastic has been a boon to the modern era. The development and advancement in the modern technology has played significant role in the various stages of the modernization. Although the introduction to plastics has been a significant step in the industrialization, the excessive use of the plastic products has affected environmental sustainability. Proper planning is very essential to implement the sustainability actively. There are many steps taken by various businesses to minimize the harm the plastics can do to the environment by reduce, reuse and recycle. One of the recent examples of planning to strengthen sustainability is by Walmart Inc. It has taken initiative
Originally, cities arose because naturally, humans are social creatures that dwell in close proximity to each other, and it was typically in areas where the basic needs of food, shelter and water could be met or obtained. These communities grew to be large and expansive cities with complex natures, public buildings, religious institutions and possessed unique forms of housing, transportation and streets. (Cavaglieri, 22). There are currently two conflicting ideas of how a city should develop, through urban sprawl or through smart growth. Low density development, otherwise known as urban sprawl, is defined as "low density, automobile dependent development beyond the edge of service and employment areas." (The Policy Almanac, Urban Sprawl). On the other hand, Smart Growth which is loosely defined as planning principles "to stop sprawl, regenerate inner cities, provide transportation choices that include public transit, protect and integrate green-space into the urban fabric – and generally renew the promise of vibrant, vital cities and liveable communities." (Onyschuk, 1). Despite the positive aims of smart growth, many say that it is highly flawed and the results tend to contradict its goal of creating livable cities. The use of smart growth principles are essential for building sustainable, urban spaces. Smart growth promotes mid to high density development in the hopes of using less land to sustain more people. Mixed use neighbourhoods is an aspect of Smart Growth which allows residents to live, work and play in the same area. Various forms of transportation are heavily invested in to give people the option not to take their car, or completely get rid of it.
Sustainability is an issue that everyone should be concerned about. If the planet Earth is going to exist, as we know it, everyone should wake up and do their part to help achieve a greater level of sustainability. In my English 101 class we learned about the issue of sustainability. Many different topics were discussed and researched throughout the course of the semester. Overall, I think that the sustainability project has been a learning and enlightening experience for everyone in this class. Many more things can be done next semester, since the groundwork has been laid to continue this project for time to come.
Global Remediation is Canadian-based remediation cleaning services company towards contaminated industrial land and water sites, which was founded in 2004 in Fredericton, New Brunswick by four partners. Through its unique remediation technology that has been achieved by rigorous testing and obtainment of exclusive regulatory approvals, Global has successfully established its name as a major player in the industry. As such, Global was faced with the inevitable need to inject more capital into the company to fund its rapid growth. There was a set of criteria that we followed in order to reach to this conclusion: opportunity cost, expected growth, cost of borrowing, and corporate governance.
As a volume reduction technique, soil washing is very cost effective when it can reduce the amount of soil that needs further treatment or disposal. Soil washing, when performed under ideal conditions, can lead to a volume reduction of approximately 90% of the originally contaminated soil (Sharma and Reddy 2004). Since soil washing is performed on-site, the large volume of soil that is not contaminated after washing can be reused as backfill at the site. Additionally, soil washing is performed on site in a closed system where the conditions, such as pH level and temperature, of the soil being treated can be controlled and closely monitored (Sharma and Reddy 2004). This on-site system saves money and time and generally the process can be run at a very high rate of around 100 cubic yards per day (US EPA 1996). The process also can remove a range of contaminants, both organic and inorganic, from the soil at the same time. Soil washing also only requires a few permits in order for it to be used, making it a relatively easy method to employ (Sharma and Reddy
Clean drinking water, may be the primary motivation to recycle water, however many there are many other benefits. By reusing water, the overall amount of discharged water waste is decreased. Instead of putting previously used water into our natural water ways the water is treated and reused. It does not directly re-enter the water streams, but instead is treated and then redistributed straight back into the pipes to be reused. This tremendously lowers our overall level of water pollution in small creeks and rivers. With a rapidly growing population, the amount of human waste and water consumption are increasing. Therefore, by lowering human demand for natural water, fewer ecosystems are destroyed. The water also prevents further extraction of natural water from the environment. By reusing old water,...
Environmental sustainability is making decisions and taking actions in the interest of protecting the natural world, preserving the capability of the environment to support human life and ensuring that humans use the environment in a way that does not harm the environment. It also questions how economic development affects our environment vice versa.
Sustainable development means that the present generations should be able to make use of resources to live better lives in such a manner that it doesn’t compromise the ability of future generations to survive and make better lives for themselves as well. For sustainable development to occur, there needs to be sustainable economic, ecological and community development. Society needs to be educated about ways in which they can use resources, especially natural, in such a manner that it doesn’t cause harm to the environment and put future generations lives at risk.
In class we discussed what sustainable development meant to us; each group had its own definition. Our group’s definition was that sustainable development is for the long term for future generations, for the basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, and job. The basic will increase over time and our resources will diminish, which why sustainable development is important. Sustainable development is important for future generations so that they end up with a world better than ours. Sustainable development is achievable if society works together to meet everyone’s basic needs and create a better world.