The structure and function of the different fins of the Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
The Rainbow trout, belonging to the family Salmonidae, Class Actinopterygii (ray finned fish), inhabitscold streams, rivers and lakes in North America. Ones living in lakes have silver scales apart from those on their back which are dark green. They are covered in dark spots that usually go no further than the lateral line. The lateral line is a line of sense organs found on the side of the Rainbow trout. It is used to detect vibrations (and therefore movement) in the water surrounding it. A pinkish red band often runs the length of the lateral line. The shape of the Rainbow trout is a characteristic shape not uncommon from that of salmon. (Guidekenairriver.com)
Fish fins developed around 500 million years ago. A fin is a thin appendage attached to the body of an organism that causes either propulsion, stabilization, or the ability to steer and brake. The median caudal, dorsal, and anal fins are possessed by most fish species. The rainbow trout has six different types of fins- an anal fin, an adipose fin, a dorsal fin, a caudal fin, a pair of pelvic fins, and a pair of pectoral fins.
The anal fin is situated between the anus and the tail fin, on the ventral surface of the fish. In Rainbow trout, the anal fin is bordered by a black margin. This is one of the fish’s features which help to identify it. Its function is to stabilise the fish whilst it’s swimming. Due to the dorsal fins being located above the rolling axis of the Rainbow trout, the movement of the dorsal fins would cause the fish to roll whilst swimming if not for the anal fin which counteracts this movement and stabilises the fish. (Journal of experimental Biology).
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...s in the water, as well as quick change in pace and direction. This again is to evade predation.
The pectoral fins are located just behind the operculum- this is the flap of skin which covers the gill slit. Whilst swimming at a constant steady speed, the pectoral fins of the Rainbow trout are flattened against its body. However they are then held out at right angles to the body when the fish is hovering in the water, turning at slow speeds, and used to suddenly stop the fish when travelling at fast speeds. The rainbow trout is able to rotate these pectoral fins over a 30 degree range, allowing for both sculling when hovering, and braking. (Drucker EG, Lauder GV, 2003).
Evolution has taken millions of years (500 million) for the Rainbow trout to have developed the fins it has today, each with a specific purpose involved in the locomotion and stability of the fish.
The bill is located at the front of the lure underneath what would be the head. It resembles the bill of a hat and juts downward at a forty-five degree angle. The bill is almost always clear plastic to keep it from interfering with the overall "wounded minnow" look. When dragging the wounded minnow through water, it is the bill that drives the lure downward and slows it considerably.
The stories of each fish flow together as each story shows how humans have pushed to gain more control over the ocean and the delicious animals that swim in it’s depths. Greenberg starts in the free-flowing rivers where salmon are commonly found. It is there that early humans of the Northern Hemisphere most likely began their infatuation with fish. Greenberg puts it as, “It(salmon) is representative of the first wave of human exploitation..” (170) Once Europeans learned to fish, they had the ability to fish in shallow ocean water which is where sea bass are usually found. Later, fishermen s...
The background of this article gives information that is necessary to understand the experiment. The shape of the pelvic girdle is an appropriate predictor of both phylogeny and movement in terrestrial vertebrates. However, in marine vertebrates, the gravitational forces typically applied to terrestrial pelvic girdles are not there and therefore have little impact on the shape of the girdle. Pelvic girdles of fish are generally not attached to the vertebrae and primarily are used as a place for muscles to attach and supporting of the fins. The authors discuss how in many cases the pelvic girdle could be removed and not result in any complications. However, there are some marine vertebrates that are capable of bottom walking on the ocean floor with their fins. In batoids, the pelvic fins are used for walking, which is when pelvic fins move in an alternating fashion, or punting, when both pelvic fins move at the same time. There is also augmented punting; this is when the vertebrate uses both the pectoral fins and the pelvic fins to generate more thrust, this action decreases the forces on the pelvic fins during a punt. While this locomotion would
The mudpuppy to me is one of my favorite animals that live under water. The mudpuppy is related to amphibians. One thing that makes the mudpuppy different is that their gills never go away like other amphibians gills do. There gills kind of look like bushes underwater just swaying around. According to “National Geographic” they say that, “mudpuppies are easily distinguishable by their bushy, red external gills, which they grow as larva and never lose. They have flat heads, wide tails, stubby les, and feet with four distinct toes. Their bodies are gray or brownish-gray with blue- black spots” (1). They have almost all the same characteristics as salamanders do: like toes and the patterns on their bodies. According to the book “A Natural History of Amphibians” the authors Robert C. Stebbins and Nathan W. Cohen talk about the skin of amphibians and they said,
Two sets of skeletal elements that make up the basic fish fin are Archipterygial and Metapterygial fins. The archipterygial has both preaxis and postaxial elements. Metapterygial has only preaxial elements.
This is the best way to get rainbow trout facts that are going to help you out in your future fishing adventures is by actually doing and experimenting in the field itself. Play around with different types of live baits as well. Use the night crawler as well as the trout worms to test and gain experience with. Live minnows work well with trout fishing as well. Salted minnow work well after a heavy rain and the streams are muddy and not very clear. These are good fishing tips that can really help increase your chances of landing the big one. Like I said though if all else fails or this is y0ur fist time then I suggest using the basic night crawler as the best bait to use. Again this is from my personal experience. What I do is I use a gold color hook and I push the worm up the hook covering just about the whole thing just leaving the head or eye of the hook visible. Finding good rainbow trout bait is easy. If find this gold color gives a reflection in the water that the trout can not resist. You need to be careful though and make sure to cover the entire lower portion of the hook and you do not want any part of the lower hook being visible. I said they can’t refuse the gold but trout are not stupid. They are very smart and once they know you might as well move on to another fishing location.Trout
fin on the back of a seahorse's body wave rapidly to move the seahorse through the water.
A way to identify a fish is by their body structure, they have fins and a backbone. The anatomical adaptation of fins helps them survive and makes them and marine animal unique in that they use them to maintain their position, move, steer, and stop. Most fish have scales and breathe though gills. Most fish also have a mucus layer that helps them prevent infections. With in what we consider “fish,” there are many that don’t very much look like they are earth creatures. The strangest fish species are found in deep ocean waters, such as the Pacific Barreleye, which is distinctive in that, its head is a fluid-filled transparent shield. Among other strange looking fish there are the Sheepshead and the Parrotfish
Atlantic salmon belongs to the family of Salmonidae (U.S. Food And Drug Administration, 2013). Also, it is in the order of Salmoniformes, which include all salmons, trouts, whitefishes, and smelts (Webb, 2009). A common characteristic of salmonides is the presence of an adipose fin. Atlantic salmon are indigenous to the Atlantic Ocean. Generally, the Atlantic salmon is composed of three different species: North American, European, and Baltic (U.S. Food And Drug Administration, 2013).
Nick looked down into the clear, brown water, colored from the pebbly bottom, and watched the trout keeping themselves steady in the current with wavering fins. As he watched them they changed their positions by quick angles, only to hold steady in the fast water again (472).
• You need to know that fish has senses. They can hear, taste, see, and smell. They have lateral line which helps them to detect movement in water. When they are in danger, they can run away. You will really have to watch your movements because you do not want to go away with empty hands.
When facing a hungry hunter the ballfish rapidly swallow around 35 gulps of water in the course of 14seconds which are then pumped into stomach. Biologist at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Elizabeth Brainerd, has recently shown that a pufferfish’s stomach is a perfect water ballon. As water pours into it, the stomach expands up to 100 times its normal volume. Pufferfish skin is also set for ballooning. It is made of wavy fibres that straighten out as the fish inflates. When the skin expands the fish’s tail and fins immerse into skin, forming a nearly perfect sphere (balloon). When the wavy fibres finally pull tight, they become hard, giving the pufferfish a tough shell that protect from predators, giving them a hard time to penetrating. Some species have spines normally hiding in these skin fibres, but when skin is tighten spines flip up. When fish gets bigger it gives a signal to predator “don’t come closer I’m not so small as you thought”.
The reel on the left is the simpler design. That design has a stationary spindle and a bar that rotates around it to collect the line. On most models the drag works by a screw on the top of the spindle that applies pressure on the spindle to increase or decrease the friction to allow the spindle to spin if the fish applies enough force to overcome the friction. The problem with this design is that once the fish breaks the static friction the resistance to the fish pulling out line decreases and it is very difficult to change while fighting a fish.
However, only a small percentage of salmon live to reach their natal stream or spawning grounds. Those males that survive the trip are often gaunt, with grotesquely humped backs, hooked jaws, and battle-torn fins. The females are swollen with a pound or more of eggs. Both have large white patches of bruised skin on their backs and sides.
Ichthyologists say that there are more than 32,000 species of fishes discovered on Earth so far which is more than all the amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined. Still, new species are being discovered almost every day. Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain unexplored. It is predicted that there might be more species of fish which are hidden from the eyes of humans till now. All fish differ in sizes. A fish can be as big as a 51 ft long Whale/Shark or as small as an 8mm Stout infant fish. Common type of fish include; gold-fish, Drum, Spadefish, Trout, Skate, Thalla, Tuna, Hogfish, Wahoo, Grunt, Monkfish, Roughy etc. Some organisms which are considered to be a fish actually do not fall into the category of fish. Examples include; shellfish, cuttlefish, starfish, crayfish and jellyfish.