SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY IN TERMS OF GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS
As is seen in every country, economical factors form the basis of the relationship between the population and environment in Turkey. The conditions obliged by the economical development give rise to the demographical activities such as rapid population growth, high fertility, high dependence rates, and migration from villages to the cities. The relationship between the population and the environment in Turkey has been taken on in terms of “sustainable development” approach. To assure the sustainable development, national development policies should involve environmental issues and introduce appropriate precautions.
The first subject that should be stressed concerning environmental policies is to give a specific place on environment in the Constitution. The statement of “Everyone has the right of living in a healthy and balanced environment and developing the environment, protecting the environmental health and preventing the environmental pollution is the duty of the both the government and the citizens” is mentioned in the 56 subparagraph of the Constitution. The environmental legislation improving in parallel with this statement has laid the legal groundwork for enabling the modern approach being accepted in many developed countries for the environment fact by allowing active participation duty to the both the government and the individuals to protect and improve the environment.
The Ministry of Environment and Forestry conducts some studies in terms of solid waste such as current implementations in Turkey, the problems encountering during the process of making decisions and how to change them, particular criteria and technologies about place choosing, reclam...
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...is sterilization. Hatay and Kahramanmaras remove medical waste by liming them in the certain deep sets and their 2012 goal is regular storage. Burdur removes medical waste by liming them in the certain deep sets and their 2012 has not been determined. These data can be seen in Table 18. Though the population of Isparta is less than Hatay, Kahramanmaras and Osmaniye, it has more hospital bed than they have. According to the data of the Ministry of Health 2006 Cure Foundations Statistical Annual Brochure, there is one university hospital in each of Isparta, Hatay and Kahramanmaras. They have bed capacity of 565, 81 and 166, respectively. The remarkable point here is that Suleyman Demirel University has more bed capacity than the others. There is no university hospital in Osmaniye. Isparta, Hatay and Kahramanmaras has 10, 10 1nd 12 public hospitals, respectively.
Environmental and Industrial pollution is a growing problem in Latin America today. Latin America is becoming a predominantly urban society and with that pollution issues have become progressively important of the political agenda. But Latin American countries continue to prioritize their economic development in the region instead of implementing their obligations to protect the environment for future generations. The government must start to put regulation to help protect the environment and the people who live in Latin America. They must help the people in Latin America so they are able to drink water that is not polluted and to be able to breath clean air once again. Also Latin America should be taking care of their forests and not destroying them and everything inside of them. In this essay I will be talking about how these environmental issues are hurting the people, animal, plants, and water within these countries in Latin America.
The reason because environmental issues were not take in consideration before, in the economic field, was due to the absence of their costs from the calculation of GNI. However, it has to be consider that future growth and in general, quality of life are strongly related to environment. Therefore, environment’s long term implications has to be taken in consideration in the economy.
To reach a more sustainable world, everyone's cooperation and participation are essential. Therefore, the equal rights to everyone is prominent, particularly the equal rights gained from our daily surroundings and natural environment which, in together, is the so-called environment. In order to achieve the equality, the concept of environmental justice was developed, that is originally from the unequal distribution of toxic pollutants in an African-American community. As an ongoing framing process, environmental justice has been expanding into more issues and aspects, also horizontally and vertically. It also moves from a rather anthropocentric view to more emphasisation on natural environment and the relationship between human and environment, which on the way to sustainable world. However, there are also some controversy has been generated, an inherently generated issue about justice is illustrated here.
Outer islands have dumpsters that are used for trash generated by workers. Most outer island work is occasional and involves few individuals; therefore waste generation is minimal. Dumpsters from Illeginni, Legan and Carlos are replaced at least quarterly, and more frequently if barge transportation is available. Wastes are shipped to the Kwajalein Solid Waste Management Yard for segregation, incineration, and/or landfilling as needed. Dumpsters from Gagan are transported to Roi-Namur for disposal. When special projects take place on these or other outer islands, additional dumpsters and waste receptacles are delivered and used as needed. Wastes from construction projects are removed from the islands at the conclusion of the projects or during the project as needed. No wastes are disposed on these islands with the exception of green wastes which are left to decompose naturally.
Solid waste management, the compilation, managing, and disposing of solid items that are neglected because they have failed to function or are no longer effective. Incorrect removal of municipal solid waste can create contaminated conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to corruption of the surroundings and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases caused by animals and insects. The tasks of solid waste management present complicated technical obstacles. The local government is responsible for collecting reusable, recyclable and non-biodegradable waste materials from the material recovery facilities and transporting them to the recycling centers and or to the municipal material recovery facility.
The impact of the development on the environment and its resources should be understood in order to move forward towards a way to make the relationship between development, growth and the environment possible. From here the concept
Economic growth and social development are complementary and they have a close but complex relationship. With the economic growth, it is clear that there are many environmental concerns in today’s society. Air, water, and land pollution have worsened; the environment of wild animals and plants has been seriously damaged; many species are threatened with extinction, deforestation and over-exploitation of mineral resources.
The notion of sustainable city has mounted a paramount place in the contemporary urban planning. In the world Conservation strategies in1980, the concept of sustainable development was firstly introduced.
Laws, especially environmental laws, should be created and put in place to prevent the massive and unsustainable use of resources in the environment. “Local-global relationships conducive to sustainability” (Braun, 2005: 640) should be developed and implemented world over to try to enforce and reinforce global, political and economic change towards sustainability.
...es site requires detailed planning by the agencies of the country, such as the Department of Energy in the US. The long-term isolation of the high level waste is usually done in rural areas and it is suggested that planning, construction and operations of repositories would result in significant socio-economic effect(Finsterbausch 1980).The economic and social cost outweigh the social and economic benefits.
Today talking about environmental issues lately to be like a common topic discussion until people take it for granted. However, the world facing a complex environmental problems related to each trouble that connected to one another and come out with greater impacts to the environment and humans. This is because the effects of environmental only can be seen in long term period rather than immediately result show up. Environmental issues must become one of the controversial matters in the society in order to make people know the truth what the world currently facing. There were a lot of environmental disaster happened such as climate change, global warming, various of pollutions, earthquake and etc. the rise of environmental issues begin with this urban development occur through several countries following with the technologies equip along. For sure, development will cause a huge negative impact to the environment if it deals without a care. Besides, the environment is the place in the ecosystem to hold and use in finding resources to continuously survive in this world. Thus, the finding and digging for the resources which happening extensively without preservation will not restore the surrounding similar with before. But then, the change cannot be refuse and people need to take an action to save the threaten the world and the ecosystem from being extinct. If each country has own output in causing an environmental problem, then consider the world to hold all the damage occurred. Exposing the effects of environmental issues throughout the world, make people realize the important to take care the environment.
Policy is needed to regulate which course of action should be taken and how it should be implemented. Because of this, many plans and policies revolving around the management of solid waste have been put in place. Sometimes however, a particular policy can have its shortfalls, potentially resulting in its negative aspects outweighing the positive ones. According to the Conference Board of Canada Report, “Canadians dispose of more municipal solid waste per capita than any other country” (2013). Solid waste management in particular, involves many aspects, ranging from packaging waste, food waste, etc. (White & Franke 1999), hence, the following analysis revolves around household and commercial waste – referred to as Municipal Solid Waste (White & Franke. 1999) – in the Greater Vancouver Regional District. Municipal waste is a major health and environmental concern as it contributes to numerous problems like habitat destruction, surface groundwater pollution, and other forms of air, soil, and water contamination. Waste disposal methods like incineration create toxic substances, and landfills emit methane, which contributes to global warming. According to the Zero Waste Objective Report, “The impact of climate change and the increasing awareness of the role of “waste” and “wasting” in the production of greenhouse gas emissions is a constant environmental pressure… (2009). This leads to an increasing limitation of government to prevent and control the volume and toxicity of products in the waste stream and a growing need to shift responsibility to the product manufacturer.
Environmental law is a broad form of law developed to regulate how human activities affect the physical and biological environment (Doremus et al 2008, 2). Environmental law can be large scale or small scale, global or local; but it takes the cooperation of many different agencies to be successful. Overall, environmental law has contributed to a healthier environment in many ways. Since the beginning of environmental law and regulation, society has seen advancements in sanitation, pollution, air and water quality disease control and prevention, and ultimately in quality of life.
We all know the urbanization rate is an index to value the development of a country. However, though urbanization provides great convenience to some individuals, it also brings about negative effects. Problems such as pollution, overcrowded and the high unemployment appear during the process of urbanization and they are hard to cope with. In face of the sequence of problems, a new way of development ----sustainable development was put forward. Just like its literal meaning, the word sustainability has something to do with continuity. It was used since 1980s and first appeared in Britain law in 1993. Sustainable development can help solve parts of the problem caused by urbanization, including environmental damage, overuse of resources, and natural disasters.
The environment around us gives us the habitat to live, is a condition for our existence and development so that protecting environment which is one of today’s most serious issues means protecting our lives. But almost every day we hear a new problem badly affecting the environment. The list of the new difficulties seems to be endless. We are all aware of these concerns and can admit that we caused them. Now, environmental protection is not the work of a single individual as it is the responsibility of the whole community, of every single person exists on this planet. The measures range from each citizen to the government.